pypsa-eur/data/dclines.csv

1	Name	Converter	Converter2	Total Length (Cable/Pole)	Volt (kV)	Power (MW)	Year	Type	Remarks	Ref
2
3	EuroAsia Interconnector	Israel via Cyprus and Crete	Greece -ÊAttica	1520	600	2000	2022			[112][113]
4	Viking Link	Denmark - Revsing	UK - Bicker Fen	740		1000-1400	2022			[116][117]
5	NSN Link	Norway -ÊKvilldal	England -ÊBlyth	730	515	1400	2020	IGBT	Supplier:ÊABB, Prysmian Group, Nexans	[102][103][104][105]
6	NorthConnect	Norway - Simadalen	UK -ÊPeterhead	650		1400	2022			[114][115]
7	NORD.LINK	Norway - TonstadÊ58.39_29_N 6.43_29_E	Germany - WilsterÊ53.55_18_N 9.20_41_E	623	525	1400	2020	Thyr	Supplier: ABB	[99][100][101]
8				(570/53)
9	NorNed	Netherlands - EemshavenÊ53.26_4_N 6.51_57_E	Norway - FedaÊ58.16_58_N 6.51_55_E	580	450	700	2008	Thyr	Supplier:ÊABB,ÊNexans	[38]
10				(580/0)
11	SACOI 1	Italy - SuveretoÊ43.3_10_N 10.41_42_E	France- LuccianaÊ42.31_40_N 9.26_59_EÊ; Codrongianos, ItalyÊ40.39_7_N 8.42_48_E	483	200	200	1965	Merc	Replaced in 1986 by Thyr, multiterminal scheme	[1]
12				(365/118)
13	Volgograd-Donbass	Russia - VolzhskayaÊ48.49_34_N 44.40_20_E	Ukraine - MikhailovskayaÊ48.39_13_N 38.33_56_E	475	400	750	1965	Merc/Thyr	Shut down in 2014	[1]
14				(0/475)
15	NordBalt	Sweden - NybroÊ56.46_1_N 15.51_35_E	Lithuania - Klaip_daÊ55.40_54_N 21.15_29_E	450	300	700	2015	IGBT	Supplier:ÊABB	[66]
16				(450/0)
17	SAPEI	Italy - LatinaÊ41.25_47_N 12.48_25_E	Italy - Fiume SantoÊ40.50_29_N 8.18_21_E	435	500	1000	2011	Thyr	The largest HVDC link in the Mediterranean Sea. Supplier:ÊABB	[38][42][43]
18				(435/0)
19	SACOIÊ2	Italy - SuveretoÊ43.3_10_N 10.41_42_E	France- LuccianaÊ42.31_40_N 9.26_59_EÊ; Codrongianos, ItalyÊ40.39_7_N 8.42_48_E	422	200	300	1992	Thyr	Multiterminal scheme
20				(118/304)					Supplier:ÊAlstom
21	Western HVDC Link	UK -ÊHunterston	UK -ÊFlintshire Bridge	422	600	2200	2017-18	Thyr	Supplier:ÊPrysmian Group,ÊSiemens	[80][81]
22				(422/0)					First subsea 600kV link
23	HVDC MON.ITA Project	Italy-CepagattiÊ42.24_11_N 14.7_46_E	Montenegro -ÊLastva GrbaljskaÊ42.18_53_N 18.47_35_E	415	±500	1000	2017	IGBT	Supplier:ÊToshibaÊ(converter stations);ÊNexans(cables).	[77][78][79]
24				(415/0)
25	Shetland HVDC Connection	UK - UpperÊKergord	UK - nearÊStaxigoe[108]	345	300	550/600	20216	Thyr		[109][110]
26				(345/0)
27	COBRAcable	Denmark - Endrup viaÊFan¿	Nederlands -ÊEemshaven	325	400	700	20194			[84][85][86]
28	Italy-Greece	Greece - ArachthosÊ39.11_00_N 20.57_48_E	Italy - GalatinaÊ40.9_53_N 18.7_49_E	310	400	500	2001	Thyr
29				(200/110)
30	Eastern HVDC Link	UK -ÊPeterhead	UK -ÊHawthorn	305	400	2000	2024			[118]
31	Fenno-SkanÊ2	Finland - RaumaÊ61.09_07_N 21.37_32_E	Sweden - FinnboleÊ60.25_30_N 17.3_42_E	303	500	800	2011	Thyr
32				(200/103)
33	Valhall HVDC	Norway - ListaÊ58.04_37_N 6.46_29_E	Norway - Valhall, Offshore platform	292	150	78	2011	IGBT	Supplier:ÊABB,ÊNexansÊÊ	[44][45]
34				(292/0)
35	Baltic Cable	Germany - LŸbeck- HerrenwykÊ53.53_46_N 10.48_9_E	Sweden - KrusebergÊ55.30_1_N 13.8_45_E	262	450	600	1994	Thyr	Supplier:ÊABB
36				(250/12)
37	SydVŠstlŠnken	Sweden -ÊBarkerydÊ57.44_52_N 14.39_19_E	Sweden -ÊHurvaÊ55.49_59_N 13.36_08_E	260	±300	2x720	2016	IGBT	Supplier:ÊAlstom
38				(197/63)
39	Cometa	Spain -ÊMorvedreÊ39.38_28_N 0.14_7_W	Spain -ÊSanta PonsaÊ39.32_2_N 2.30_21_E	247	250	400	2011	Thyr	Expected completion 2011	[38]
40				(247/0)					Supplier:ÊSiemensÊ(converter stations);Prysmian/NexansÊ(cables)
41	SwePol	Poland - Wierzbi_cinÊ54.30_8_N 16.53_28_E	Sweden - StŠrnšÊ56.9_11_N 14.50_29_E	245	450	600	2000	Thyr	Supplier:ÊABB	[36]
42				(245/0)
43	BritNed	UK - GrainÊ51.26_24_N 0.43_0_E	Netherlands - MaasvlakteÊ51.57_27_N 4.01_17_E	245	450	1000	2010	Thyr	Operational since April 2011. Supplier:Siemens	[38][39]
44				(245/0)						[40][41]
45	SkagerrakÊ4	Denmark - TjeleÊ56.28_44_N 9.34_1_E	Norway - KristiansandÊ58.15_36_N 7.53_55_E	244	500	700	2015	IGBT	Suppliers:ÊNexans,ÊABB	[67]
46				(244/0)
47	IFA2	France - Tourbe, Normandie	UK -Pilling, Hampshire	240	400	1000	2020			[96][97][98]
48	Fenno-Skan	Finland - RaumaÊ61.09_07_N 21.37_32_E	Sweden - DanneboÊ60.24_14_N 18.08_10_E	233	400	500	1989	Thyr	Supplier:ÊABB
49				(200/33)
50	Fenno-Skan 1 Upgrade	Sweden - Finnbšle	Finland - Rauma	233	400	500	2013	Thyr	Upgrade	[50][51][52]
51				(200/33)					Supplier:ABB
52	SkagerrakÊ1 + 2	Denmark - TjeleÊ56.28_44_N 9.34_1_E	Norway - KristiansandÊ58.15_36_N 7.53_55_E	230	250	500	1977	Thyr	Ê Supplier: STK(Nexans) Control system upgrade byÊABBÊin 2007	[32][33][34]
53				(130/100)
54	SkagerrakÊ3	Denmark - TjeleÊ56.28_44_N 9.34_1_E	Norway - KristiansandÊ58.15_36_N 7.53_55_E	230	350	440	1993	Thyr	Supplier: NexansÊABB	[32]
55				(130/100)
56	SylWin1	Germany - BŸttelÊ53.55_01_N 9.13_55_E	Germany - SylWin Alpha platformÊ55.03_47_N 7.14_28_E	205	±320	864	2015	IGBT	Supplier:ÊSiemens	[68]
57				(205/0)
58	Lyon-Moutiers DC transmission scheme	France - Lyon	France - Moutiers	200	75	30	1906	Thury	Dismantled in 1936
59				(10/190)
60	BorWin1	Germany - Diele	Germany -ÊBorWin AlphaÊplatform	200	±150	400	2012	IGBT	Supplier:ÊABB	[46][47][48]
61				(200/0)
62	BorWin2	Germany - DieleÊ53.7_30_N 7.18_29_E	Germany - BorWin Beta platformÊ54.21_18_N 6.01_30_E	200	±300	800	2015	IGBT	Supplier:ÊSiemens	[56]
63				(200/0)
64	BorWin3	Germany - Diele	Germany - BorWin Gamma platform	200	±320	900	2019	IGBT	Supplier:ÊSiemens
65				(200/0)
66	France-Italy viaFrŽjus Road Tunnel	France, Grand-ële	Italy,ÊPiossasco	190	±320	2x600	2019	IGBT	Supplier:ÊAlstomÊ(converter stations);PrysmianÊ(cables).	[88][89][90][91]
67	Konti-Skan 1	Denmark - Vester HassingÊ57.3_46_N 10.5_24_E	Sweden - StenkullenÊ57.48_15_N 12.19_13_E	176	250	250	1965	Merc	Replaced in August 2006 by modern converters using thyristors	[1]
68				(87/89)
69	EstlinkÊ2	Estonia - PŸssiÊ59.22_13_N 27.04_05_E	Finland - AnttilaÊ60.22_36_N 25.22_01_E	171	450	650	2014	Thyr	Supplier:ÊSiemens,ÊNexans
70				(157/14)
71	Kontek	Denmark - Bj¾verskovÊ55.27_1_N 12.0_27_E	Germany -ÊBentwischÊ54.6_3_N 12.13_1_E	170	400	600	1996	Thyr	Supplier:ÊABB
72				(170/0)
73	DolWin1	Germany - HeedeÊ52.58_57_N 7.15_26_E	Germany - DolWin Alpha platformÊ53.59_42_N 6.25_16_E	165	±320	800	2015	IGBT	Supplier:ABB	[57]
74				(165/0)
75	LitPol LinkÊHVDC is B2B	Lithuania - Alytus	Poland - Elk	160	70	500	20152[62]	Thyr	Supplier:ÊABB	[63][64][65]
76				(0/160)
77	DolWin3	Germany - HeedeÊ52.58_57_N 7.15_26_E	Germany - DolWin Gamma platform53.59_42_N 6.25_16_E	160	±320	900	2017	IGBT	Supplier:ÊAlstom	[76]
78				(160/0)
79	Caithness Moray HVDC3	UK -ÊSpittal	UK -ÊBlackhillock	160	320	1200	2018		Supplier: ABB	[82][83]
80	<EFBFBD>L-link	<EFBFBD>landÊ- Ytterby	Finland -ÊNaantaliÊ(sv:NŒdendal)Ê60.27_49_N 22.03_49_E	158	80	100	2015	IGBT	Supplier:ÊABB	[53][54][55]
81				(158/0)
82	Western Isles HVDC	UK - Arnish Point nearÊStornoway	UK -ÊBeauly	156	320	600	20217			[111]
83	Konti-SkanÊ2	Denmark - Vester, HassingÊ57.3_46_N 10.5_24_E	Sweden - LindomeÊ57.36_24_N 12.6_40_E	147	285	300	1988	Thyr	Supplier:ÊABB
84				(87/60)
85	Nemo Link	Belgium - nearÊBruges	UK -ÊRichborough Energy Park	140	400	1000	2019	IGBT	Converter stations:ÊSiemensÊ, cables: J-power systemsÊ[92]	[93][94]
86				(140/0)
87	DolWin2	Germany - HeedeÊ52.58_52_N 7.15_26_E	Germany - DolWin Beta platformÊ53.58_41_N 6.55_23_E	135	±320	900	2016	IGBT	Supplier:ÊABB	[75]
88				(135/0)
89	East West Interconnector	Ireland - WoodlandÊ53.28_16_N 6.34_3_W	UK - Shotton, WalesÊ53.13_38_N 3.4_22_W	130	±200	500	2012	IGBT	Supplier:ÊABB	[49]
90				(130/0)
91	HelWin1	Germany - BŸttelÊ53.55_01_N 9.13_55_E	Germany - HelWin Alpha platformÊ54.27_07_N 7.44_20_E	130	±250	576	2015	IGBT	Supplier:ÊSiemens	[58]
92				(130/0)
93	HelWin2	Germany - BŸttelÊ53.55_01_N 9.13_55_E	Germany - HelWin Beta platformÊ54.27_11_N 7.44_20_E	130	±320	690	2015	IGBT	Supplier:ÊSiemens
94				(130/0)
95	Elbe-Project	Germany,ÊVockerodeÊ51.50_40_N 12.21_50_E	Germany - Berlin, MarienfeldeÊ52.25_49_N 13.22_42_E	115	200	60	1945	Merc	Never placed in service
96				(115/0)					Dismantled
97	Kingsnorth	UK - Kingsnorth	UK - London-WillesdenÊ51.32_03_N 0.15_29_W	111	266	320	1975	Merc	Opposite pole of Kingsnorth - Beddington. Cable wholly underground except for Thames crossing - crossed on upstream side of PutneyÊDistrict lineÊrailway bridge
98				(111/0)
99	Estlink	Estonia - HarkuÊ59.23_5_N 24.33_37_E	Finland - EspooÊ60.12_14_N 24.33_06_E	105	150	350	2006	IGBT	Supplier:ÊABB	[38]
100				(105/0)
101	MoscowÐKashira	RussiaÊ-ÊMoscowÊ55.39_32_N 37.38_16_E	Russia -ÊKashira	100	200	30	1951	Merc	Built of parts of HVDCÊElbe-Project	[1]
102				(100/0)					Shut down
103	ALEGrO	Belgium -ÊVisŽ	Germany -ÊAachen	100	320	1000	2019-205	IGBT		[95]
104				(100/0)
105	GotlandÊ2	Sweden - VŠstervikÊ57.43_41_N 16.38_51_E	Sweden - YigneÊ57.35_13_N 18.11_44_E	99.5	150	130	1983	Thyr
106				(92.9/6.6)
107	Gotland 1	Sweden - VŠstervikÊ57.43_41_N 16.38_51_E	Sweden - YigneÊ57.35_13_N 18.11_44_E	98	200	20	1954	Merc	World's first commercial HVDC link. Expanded byÊABBinÊ1970, decommissioned in 1986	[1][30]
108				(98/0)
109	GotlandÊ3	Sweden - VŠstervikÊ57.43_41_N 16.38_51_E	Sweden - YigneÊ57.35_13_N 18.11_44_E	98	150	130	1987	Thyr
110				(98/0)
111	Kingsnorth	UK - KingsnorthÊ51.25_11_N 0.35_46_E	UK - London-BeddingtonÊ51.22_23_N 0.7_38_W	85	266	320	1975	Merc	Bipolar scheme	[31]
112				(85/0)					Supplier:ÊEnglish ElectricÊShut down in 1987
113	Interconnexion France Angleterre(new)	France - Les MandarinsÊ50.54_11_N 1.47_5_E	UK -ÊSellindgeÊ51.6_21_N 0.58_32_E	72	270	2000	1986	Thyr	2 bipolar systems	[1][35]
114				(72/0)					Supplier:ÊAlstom
115	Visby-Nas	Sweden - NasÊ57.05_58_N 18.14_27_E	Sweden - VisbyÊ57.37_29_N 18.21_18_E	70	80	50	1999	Thyr
116				(70/0)
117	HVDC Troll	Norway - KollsnesÊ60.33_01_N 4.50_26_E	Norway - Offshore platformÊTroll AÊ60.40_00_N 3.40_00_E	70	60	80	2004	IGBT	Power supply for offshore gas compressor	[38]
118				(70/0)					Supplier:ÊABB
119	Troll A 3&4	Norway - Kollsnes	Norway - Troll A 3&4 platform	70	66	100	2015	IGBT	Supplier:ÊABB	[69][70][71][72][73][74]
120				(70/0)
121	ElecLink	France - Les Mandarins	UK -ÊSellindge	70	320	1000	2019			[87]
122	Cross-Channel	France - EchingenÊ50.41_48_N 1.38_21_E	UK - LyddÊ50.54_54_N 0.56_50_E	64	100	160	1961	Merc	Shut down in 1984	[1]
123				(64/0)
124	INELEF	France - BaixasÊ42.43_56_N 2.48_14_E	Spain - Santa LlogaiaÊ42.13_59_N 2.56_39_E	64	±320	2000	2015	IGBT	Supplier:ÊSiemens, Cables: Prysmian	[59]
125				(64/0)						[60][61]
126	Moyle	UK - AuchencroshÊ55.04_10_N 4.58_50_W	UK - N. Ireland- Ballycronan MoreÊ54.50_34_N 5.46_11_W	63.5	250	2501	2001	Thyr	Supplier:ÊSiemens,ÊNexans	[37]
127				(63.5/0)
128	Miesbach-Munich Power Transmission	Germany - Miesbach	Germany - Munich	58	2	0.0025	1882	Single machine	Demonstration facility
129				(0/58)					Dismantled
130	StoreB¾lt	Denmark - FraugdeÊ55.22_01_N 10.30_25_E	Denmark - HerslevÊ55.31_53_N 11.19_01_E	56	400	600	2010	Thyr	Operational since August 2010. Supplier:Siemens	[38]
131				(56/0)
132	HVDC Trollhattan-Merud	Sweden - Trollhattan	Sweden - Merud	50	45	6.5	1946	Merc	Experimental facility built by ASEA
133				(0/50)					Dismantled
134	HVDC Zurich-Wettingen	Switzerland - WettingenÊ47.27_25_N 8.19_15_E	Switzerland - Zurich	20	50	0.5	1939	Merc	Experimental facility built byÊBBC
135				(0/20)					Dismantled
136	Hellsjšn-GrŠngesberg	Sweden - HellsjšnÊ60.02_50_N 15.08_52_E	Sweden - GrŠngesbergÊ60.03_53_N 14.59_39_E	10	180	3	1997	IGBT	Experimental HVDC
137				(0/10)					Supplier:ÊABB
138	HVDC Charlottenburg-Moabit	Germany - Berlin-Moabit	Germany - Berlin-Charlottenburg	4.6	100	14	1942	Merc	Experimental facility built by Siemens
139				(0/4.6)					Dismantled in 1945
140	Tj¾reborg	Denmark - Tj¾reborg/EngeÊ55.26_52_N 8.35_34_E	Denmark - Tj¾reborg/SubstationÊ55.28_07_N 8.33_36_E	4.3	9	7	2000	IGBT	Interconnection to wind power generating stations
141				(4.3/0)
142	Gorzente River - Genoa DC transmission scheme	Italy - Gorzente River	Italy - Genoa	Ê?	6	Ê?	1889	Thury	Upgraded later to a voltage of 14 kV, power of 2.5 MW and a length of 120Êkm
143									Dismantled
144	La Chaux-de-Fonds DC transmission scheme	Switzerland -Ê?	Switzerland -Ê?	Ê?	14	Ê?	1897	Thury	Dismantled
145	St. Maurice - Lausanne DC transmission scheme	Switzerland - St. Maurice	Switzerland - Lausanne	Ê?	22	3.7	1899	Thury	Dismantled
146	Wilesden-Ironbridge DC transmission scheme	UK - Wilesden	UK - Ironbridge	Ê?	100	Ê?	1910	Thury	Dismantled
147	ChambŽry DC transmission scheme	France -Ê?	France -Ê?	Ê?	150	Ê?	1925	Thury	Dismantled in 1937
148	Lehrte-Misburg HVDC	Germany - LehrteÊ52.22_54_N 9.55_03_E	Germany - Hannover/Misburg	Ê?	80	16	1944	Merc	Experimental facility
149									Dismantled
150	FAB Link	France - Menuel onÊCherbourg Peninsula	UK -ÊExeterÊviaÊAlderney			1000/1400	2021			[106][107]