Building Electricity Networks

The preparation process of the PyPSA-Eur energy system model consists of a group of snakemake rules which are briefly outlined and explained in detail in the sections below.

Not all data dependencies are shipped with the git repository. Instead we provide separate data bundles which can be obtained using the retrieve* rules (:ref:`data`). Having downloaded the necessary data,

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:mod:`build_shapes` generates GeoJSON files with shapes of the countries, exclusive economic zones and NUTS3 areas.

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:mod:`build_cutout` prepares smaller weather data portions from ERA5 for cutout europe-2013-era5 and SARAH for cutout europe-2013-sarah.

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With these and the externally extracted ENTSO-E online map topology (data/entsoegridkit), it can build a base PyPSA network with the following rules:

:mod:`base_network` builds and stores the base network with all buses, HVAC lines and HVDC links, while

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:mod:`build_bus_regions` determines Voronoi cells for all substations.

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Then the process continues by calculating conventional power plant capacities, potentials, and per-unit availability time series for variable renewable energy carriers and hydro power plants with the following rules:

:mod:`build_powerplants` for today's thermal power plant capacities using powerplantmatching allocating these to the closest substation for each powerplant,

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:mod:`build_natura_raster` for rasterising NATURA2000 natural protection areas,

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:mod:`build_ship_raster` for building shipping traffic density,

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:mod:`build_renewable_profiles` for the hourly capacity factors and installation potentials constrained by land-use in each substation's Voronoi cell for PV, onshore and offshore wind, and

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:mod:`build_hydro_profile` for the hourly per-unit hydro power availability time series.

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The central rule :mod:`add_electricity` then ties all the different data inputs together into a detailed PyPSA network stored in networks/elec.nc.

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Rule `build_bus_regions`

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