ML_course/iml_assignment1_solved.ipynb
2023-03-27 18:09:36 +02:00

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"source": [
"# Fibonacci Solver\n",
"\n",
"The Fibonacci Sequence is the series of numbers:\n",
"\n",
"` 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, ... `\n",
"\n",
"The next number is found by adding up the two numbers before it:\n",
"\n",
"the `2` is found by adding the two numbers before it `(1+1)`,\n",
"the `3` is found by adding the two numbers before it `(1+2)`,\n",
"the `5` is `(2+3)`,\n",
"and so on!\n",
"\n",
"## Coding it up in Python\n",
"Just initialize to variables with the first two numbers of the Fibonacci sequence. Then add them up and print the result.\n"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
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"source": [
"# Starting Point\n",
"first_number = 0\n",
"second_number = 1\n",
"result = first_number + second_number\n",
"\n",
"print(result)"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
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"cell_type": "markdown",
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"source": [
"You now need to do this multiple times, so you need a ***loop***\n",
"To use a loop you need to know how many times you want to loop for. \n",
"For now, create a loop that prints **20** numbers (from 0 to 19). To do this in python you can create a ***for loop*** using the `range` function which will run the function for every number in the range.\n",
"(TIP: Python is a ***0 based*** language which means it starts counting from 0 not 1 as a human normally would.)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "tTsWxVxMLNWy"
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"source": [
"for count in range(20):\n",
" print(count)"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
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{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "INNU9p8zLNW0"
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"source": [
"Now use the loop to compute the first 20 elements of the Fibonacci sequence."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "4Hf59jqgLNW1"
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"source": [
"# Starting Point\n",
"first_number = 0\n",
"second_number = 1\n",
"\n",
"for count in range(20):\n",
" result = first_number + second_number\n",
" print(result)\n",
" first_number = second_number\n",
" second_number = result"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "bScJ-6tULNW3"
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"source": [
"If you managed it till here great job!\n",
"Is seems to work great so far, but you need to store these numbers so you can reference them when needed."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "1VhirrXpLNW3"
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"source": [
"Create an empty ***array*** called `fibonacci` and then append the elements of the sequence to it."
]
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{
"cell_type": "code",
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"id": "thTMoVY2LNW3"
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"source": [
"# Starting Point\n",
"first_number = 0\n",
"second_number = 1\n",
"\n",
"fibonacci = []\n",
"\n",
"fibonacci.append(first_number)\n",
"fibonacci.append(second_number)\n",
"\n",
"for count in range(20):\n",
" result = first_number + second_number\n",
" # print(result)\n",
" fibonacci.append(result)\n",
" first_number = second_number\n",
" second_number = result\n",
" \n",
"print(fibonacci)"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "6nlc_cC7LNW5"
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"source": [
"If everything worked according to the plan, you should be able to access any of the first 20 elements of the Fibonacci sequence at will.\n",
"\n",
"eg `fibonacci[0]` would get us the first item in the array whilst `fibonacci[9]` would get us the tenth item (remember Python is 0 based so you always need to take 1 away from the number you need)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "yEKa7pAuLNW6"
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"source": [
"fibonacci[0]"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
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{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "1wbxOVnELNW7"
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"source": [
"fibonacci[9]"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
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{
"cell_type": "markdown",
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"source": [
"So now you know how to get at the index, you need to know which index values are asked for by the user.\n",
"Lets get some input from the user."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
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"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
"height": 53
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"outputId": "aaadcdb4-2317-4b63-c306-3256393a1875"
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"source": [
"input()"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"2\n"
]
},
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"'2'"
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"metadata": {},
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{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"Get the first index from the user"
],
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"id": "5Vp9iO2r2e2S"
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},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"source": [
"first_index = input()"
],
"metadata": {
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
},
"id": "Zj6mnXCI2mNo",
"outputId": "8404c9dd-b5f0-42ec-97bd-d57abebafbed"
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"execution_count": null,
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"2\n"
]
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"Get the second index from the user"
],
"metadata": {
"id": "9LDXbzP02rFa"
}
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "wqbTuR2TLNXA",
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"outputId": "66aecb44-52c6-44f3-95a7-140c1dce6fe1"
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"source": [
"second_index = input()"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"2\n"
]
}
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},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"Print the received inputs and their types"
],
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"id": "EK9FMjJV22x9"
}
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "xfy81HrsLNXC",
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"outputId": "fd3d4b7d-88c7-4e1e-9486-3a0718dfa737"
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"source": [
"print(first_index)\n",
"print(type(first_index))\n",
"print(second_index)\n",
"print(type(second_index))"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"name": "stdout",
"text": [
"2\n",
"<class 'str'>\n",
"2\n",
"<class 'str'>\n"
]
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
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"source": [
"The value received from input will be treated as a string type, you need to convert this to a number so python knows to treat it as one."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"source": [
"first_index = int(first_index)\n",
"second_index = int(second_index)"
],
"metadata": {
"id": "RwVoHTLn6QvB"
},
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"Print the type of the transformed variables."
],
"metadata": {
"id": "pxKx8gKy2-eh"
}
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"source": [
"type(first_index)\n",
"type(second_index)"
],
"metadata": {
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
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"id": "dN_EzHKr3GmO",
"outputId": "c45cdbad-5e51-457a-83d5-57e92e2b44c4"
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"execution_count": null,
"outputs": [
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"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"int"
]
},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 11
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {
"id": "CRuAEA7KLNXE"
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"source": [
"Now you have all the parts you need to make this work. \n",
"\n",
"* The user should be prompted \"How many results would you like?\"\n",
"* The program should read the users preference, e.g. 20, and then compute the list of elements up to this number.\n",
"* Then the program should ask the user for 2 indexes within the list of the calculated Fibonacci sequence\n",
"* Finally it should print the summation of their values.\n",
"\n",
"Time to put it together:"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "ukW0WUA7LNXE",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
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"source": [
"# Starting Point\n",
"first_number = 0\n",
"second_number = 1\n",
"\n",
"fibonacci = []\n",
"\n",
"fibonacci.append(first_number)\n",
"fibonacci.append(second_number)\n",
"\n",
"print(\"##### GENERATING FIBONACCI LIST #####\")\n",
"fib_range = int(input(\"How many results would you like?\"))\n",
"for count in range(fib_range-2):\n",
" result = first_number + second_number\n",
" # print(result)\n",
" fibonacci.append(result)\n",
" first_number = second_number\n",
" second_number = result\n",
"\n",
"print(\"##### COMPLETED MAKING FIBONACCI LIST #####\")\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"first_index = int(input(\"Please enter the first number you require?\"))\n",
"second_index = int(input(\"Please enter the second number you require?\"))\n",
"\n",
"print(\"##### GETTING RESULT #####\")\n",
"final_answer = fibonacci[first_index-1] + fibonacci[second_index-1]\n",
"print(\"\\n\\nThe answer is:\\n\\n{}\".format(final_answer))"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"name": "stdout",
"text": [
"##### GENERATING FIBONACCI LIST #####\n",
"How many results would you like?10\n",
"##### COMPLETED MAKING FIBONACCI LIST #####\n",
"Please enter the first number you require?10\n",
"Please enter the second number you require?9\n",
"##### GETTING RESULT #####\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"The answer is:\n",
"\n",
"55\n"
]
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"Finally plot the first 30 elements of the Fibonacci sequence using matplotlib"
],
"metadata": {
"id": "qqMN0OEjEyPN"
}
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"metadata": {
"id": "edzR_wahLNXG",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
"height": 282
},
"outputId": "bb9ad5f3-811d-4687-adb0-432d3ed72ab9"
},
"source": [
"import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
"plt.plot(fibonacci)"
],
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "execute_result",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x7f56d06a2a90>]"
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},
"metadata": {},
"execution_count": 13
},
{
"output_type": "display_data",
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"<Figure size 432x288 with 1 Axes>"
],
"image/png": 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\n"
},
"metadata": {
"needs_background": "light"
}
}
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"source": [
"Compute the Fibonacci sequence recursively"
],
"metadata": {
"id": "AA67da2KzQnL"
}
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"source": [
"def fibonacci_recursive(n):\n",
" if n < 2:\n",
" return n\n",
" return fibonacci_recursive(n - 1) + fibonacci_recursive(n - 2)"
],
"metadata": {
"id": "jJppjtZAzT80"
},
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": []
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"source": [
"print(\"##### GENERATING FIBONACCI LIST #####\")\n",
"fib_range = int(input(\"How many results would you like?\"))\n",
"for i in range(fib_range):\n",
" print(fibonacci_recursive(i))"
],
"metadata": {
"id": "1GDrTgOhz7TM",
"outputId": "c1007637-9156-417d-f973-77a3577857a2",
"colab": {
"base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
}
},
"execution_count": null,
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"name": "stdout",
"text": [
"##### GENERATING FIBONACCI LIST #####\n",
"How many results would you like?20\n",
"0\n",
"1\n",
"1\n",
"2\n",
"3\n",
"5\n",
"8\n",
"13\n",
"21\n",
"34\n",
"55\n",
"89\n",
"144\n",
"233\n",
"377\n",
"610\n",
"987\n",
"1597\n",
"2584\n",
"4181\n"
]
}
]
}
]
}