1340 lines
36 KiB
YAML
1340 lines
36 KiB
YAML
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: : 2017-2024 The PyPSA-Eur Authors
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#
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# SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
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# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#top-level-configuration
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version: 0.13.0
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tutorial: false
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logging:
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level: INFO
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format: '%(levelname)s:%(name)s:%(message)s'
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private:
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keys:
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entsoe_api:
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remote:
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ssh: ""
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path: ""
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# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#run
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run:
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prefix: ""
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name: ""
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scenarios:
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enable: false
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file: config/scenarios.yaml
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disable_progressbar: false
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shared_resources:
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policy: false
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exclude: []
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shared_cutouts: true
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# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#foresight
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foresight: overnight
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# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#scenario
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# Wildcard docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/wildcards.html
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scenario:
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ll:
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- vopt
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clusters:
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- 39
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- 128
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- 256
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opts:
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- ''
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sector_opts:
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- ''
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planning_horizons:
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# - 2020
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# - 2030
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# - 2040
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- 2050
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# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#countries
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countries: ['AL', 'AT', 'BA', 'BE', 'BG', 'CH', 'CZ', 'DE', 'DK', 'EE', 'ES', 'FI', 'FR', 'GB', 'GR', 'HR', 'HU', 'IE', 'IT', 'LT', 'LU', 'LV', 'ME', 'MK', 'NL', 'NO', 'PL', 'PT', 'RO', 'RS', 'SE', 'SI', 'SK', 'XK']
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# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#snapshots
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snapshots:
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start: "2013-01-01"
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end: "2014-01-01"
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inclusive: 'left'
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# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#enable
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enable:
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retrieve: auto
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retrieve_databundle: true
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retrieve_cost_data: true
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build_cutout: false
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retrieve_cutout: true
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custom_busmap: false
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drop_leap_day: true
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# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#co2-budget
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co2_budget:
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2020: 0.701
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2025: 0.524
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2030: 0.297
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2035: 0.150
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2040: 0.071
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2045: 0.032
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2050: 0.000
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# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#electricity
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electricity:
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voltages: [200., 220., 300., 380., 500., 750.]
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base_network: osm-prebuilt
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osm-prebuilt-version: 0.4
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gaslimit_enable: false
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gaslimit: false
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co2limit_enable: false
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co2limit: 7.75e+7
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co2base: 1.487e+9
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operational_reserve:
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activate: false
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epsilon_load: 0.02
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epsilon_vres: 0.02
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contingency: 4000
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max_hours:
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battery: 6
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H2: 168
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extendable_carriers:
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Generator: [solar, solar-hsat, onwind, offwind-ac, offwind-dc, offwind-float, OCGT, CCGT]
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StorageUnit: [] # battery, H2
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Store: [battery, H2]
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Link: [] # H2 pipeline
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powerplants_filter: (DateOut >= 2023 or DateOut != DateOut) and not (Country == 'Germany' and Fueltype == 'Nuclear')
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custom_powerplants: false
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everywhere_powerplants: []
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conventional_carriers: [nuclear, oil, OCGT, CCGT, coal, lignite, geothermal, biomass]
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renewable_carriers: [solar, solar-hsat, onwind, offwind-ac, offwind-dc, offwind-float, hydro]
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estimate_renewable_capacities:
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enable: true
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from_opsd: true
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year: 2020
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expansion_limit: false
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technology_mapping:
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Offshore: [offwind-ac, offwind-dc, offwind-float]
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Onshore: [onwind]
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PV: [solar]
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autarky:
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enable: false
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by_country: false
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# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#atlite
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atlite:
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default_cutout: europe-2013-sarah3-era5
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nprocesses: 4
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show_progress: false
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cutouts:
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# use 'base' to determine geographical bounds and time span from config
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# base:
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# module: era5
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europe-2013-sarah3-era5:
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module: [sarah, era5] # in priority order
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x: [-12., 42.]
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y: [33., 72.]
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dx: 0.3
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dy: 0.3
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time: ['2013', '2013']
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# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#renewable
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renewable:
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onwind:
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cutout: europe-2013-sarah3-era5
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resource:
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method: wind
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turbine: Vestas_V112_3MW
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smooth: false
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add_cutout_windspeed: true
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capacity_per_sqkm: 3
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# correction_factor: 0.93
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corine:
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grid_codes: [12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 32]
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distance: 1000
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distance_grid_codes: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
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luisa: false
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# grid_codes: [1111, 1121, 1122, 1123, 1130, 1210, 1221, 1222, 1230, 1241, 1242]
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# distance: 1000
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# distance_grid_codes: [1111, 1121, 1122, 1123, 1130, 1210, 1221, 1222, 1230, 1241, 1242]
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natura: true
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excluder_resolution: 100
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clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2
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offwind-ac:
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cutout: europe-2013-sarah3-era5
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resource:
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method: wind
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turbine: NREL_ReferenceTurbine_2020ATB_5.5MW
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smooth: false
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add_cutout_windspeed: true
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capacity_per_sqkm: 2
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correction_factor: 0.8855
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corine: [44, 255]
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luisa: false # [0, 5230]
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natura: true
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ship_threshold: 400
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max_depth: 60
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max_shore_distance: 30000
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excluder_resolution: 200
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clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2
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landfall_length: 10
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offwind-dc:
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cutout: europe-2013-sarah3-era5
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resource:
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method: wind
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turbine: NREL_ReferenceTurbine_2020ATB_5.5MW
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smooth: false
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add_cutout_windspeed: true
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capacity_per_sqkm: 2
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correction_factor: 0.8855
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corine: [44, 255]
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luisa: false # [0, 5230]
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natura: true
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ship_threshold: 400
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max_depth: 60
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min_shore_distance: 30000
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excluder_resolution: 200
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clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2
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landfall_length: 10
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offwind-float:
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cutout: europe-2013-sarah3-era5
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resource:
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method: wind
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turbine: NREL_ReferenceTurbine_5MW_offshore
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smooth: false
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add_cutout_windspeed: true
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# ScholzPhd Tab 4.3.1: 10MW/km^2
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capacity_per_sqkm: 2
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correction_factor: 0.8855
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# proxy for wake losses
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# from 10.1016/j.energy.2018.08.153
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# until done more rigorously in #153
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corine: [44, 255]
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natura: true
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ship_threshold: 400
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excluder_resolution: 200
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min_depth: 60
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max_depth: 1000
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clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2
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landfall_length: 10
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solar:
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cutout: europe-2013-sarah3-era5
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resource:
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method: pv
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panel: CSi
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orientation:
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slope: 35.
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azimuth: 180.
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capacity_per_sqkm: 5.1
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# correction_factor: 0.854337
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corine: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 26, 31, 32]
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luisa: false # [1111, 1121, 1122, 1123, 1130, 1210, 1221, 1222, 1230, 1241, 1242, 1310, 1320, 1330, 1410, 1421, 1422, 2110, 2120, 2130, 2210, 2220, 2230, 2310, 2410, 2420, 3210, 3320, 3330]
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natura: true
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excluder_resolution: 100
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clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2
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solar-hsat:
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cutout: europe-2013-sarah3-era5
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resource:
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method: pv
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panel: CSi
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orientation:
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slope: 35.
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azimuth: 180.
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tracking: horizontal
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capacity_per_sqkm: 4.43 # 15% higher land usage acc. to NREL
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corine: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 26, 31, 32]
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luisa: false # [1111, 1121, 1122, 1123, 1130, 1210, 1221, 1222, 1230, 1241, 1242, 1310, 1320, 1330, 1410, 1421, 1422, 2110, 2120, 2130, 2210, 2220, 2230, 2310, 2410, 2420, 3210, 3320, 3330]
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natura: true
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excluder_resolution: 100
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clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2
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hydro:
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cutout: europe-2013-sarah3-era5
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carriers: [ror, PHS, hydro]
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PHS_max_hours: 6
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hydro_max_hours: "energy_capacity_totals_by_country" # one of energy_capacity_totals_by_country, estimate_by_large_installations or a float
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flatten_dispatch: false
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flatten_dispatch_buffer: 0.2
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clip_min_inflow: 1.0
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eia_norm_year: false
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eia_correct_by_capacity: false
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eia_approximate_missing: false
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# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#conventional
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conventional:
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unit_commitment: false
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dynamic_fuel_price: false
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nuclear:
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p_max_pu: "data/nuclear_p_max_pu.csv" # float of file name
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# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#lines
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lines:
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types:
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200.: "Al/St 240/40 2-bundle 200.0"
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220.: "Al/St 240/40 2-bundle 220.0"
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300.: "Al/St 240/40 3-bundle 300.0"
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380.: "Al/St 240/40 4-bundle 380.0"
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500.: "Al/St 240/40 4-bundle 380.0"
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750.: "Al/St 560/50 4-bundle 750.0"
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s_max_pu: 0.7
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s_nom_max: .inf
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max_extension: 20000 #MW
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length_factor: 1.25
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reconnect_crimea: true
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under_construction: 'keep' # 'zero': set capacity to zero, 'remove': remove, 'keep': with full capacity for lines in grid extract
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dynamic_line_rating:
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activate: false
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cutout: europe-2013-sarah3-era5
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correction_factor: 0.95
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max_voltage_difference: false
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max_line_rating: false
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# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#links
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links:
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p_max_pu: 1.0
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p_nom_max: .inf
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max_extension: 30000 #MW
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length_factor: 1.25
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under_construction: 'keep' # 'zero': set capacity to zero, 'remove': remove, 'keep': with full capacity for lines in grid extract
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# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#transmission_projects
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transmission_projects:
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enable: true
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include:
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tyndp2020: true
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nep: true
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manual: true
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skip:
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- upgraded_lines
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- upgraded_links
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status:
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- under_construction
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- in_permitting
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- confirmed
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#- planned_not_yet_permitted
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#- under_consideration
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new_link_capacity: zero #keep or zero
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# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#transformers
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transformers:
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x: 0.1
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s_nom: 2000.
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type: ''
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# docs-load in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#load
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load:
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interpolate_limit: 3
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time_shift_for_large_gaps: 1w
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manual_adjustments: true # false
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scaling_factor: 1.0
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fixed_year: false # false or year (e.g. 2013)
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supplement_synthetic: true
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distribution_key:
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gdp: 0.6
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population: 0.4
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# docs
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# TODO: PyPSA-Eur merge issue in prepare_sector_network.py
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# regulate what components with which carriers are kept from PyPSA-Eur;
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# some technologies are removed because they are implemented differently
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# (e.g. battery or H2 storage) or have different year-dependent costs
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# in PyPSA-Eur-Sec
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pypsa_eur:
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Bus:
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- AC
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Link:
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- DC
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Generator:
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- onwind
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- offwind-ac
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- offwind-dc
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- offwind-float
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- solar-hsat
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- solar
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- ror
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- nuclear
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StorageUnit:
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- PHS
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- hydro
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Store: []
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# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#energy
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energy:
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energy_totals_year: 2019
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base_emissions_year: 1990
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emissions: CO2
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# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#biomass
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biomass:
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year: 2030
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scenario: ENS_Med
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classes:
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solid biomass:
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- Agricultural waste
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- Fuelwood residues
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- Secondary Forestry residues - woodchips
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- Sawdust
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- Residues from landscape care
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not included:
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- Sugar from sugar beet
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- Rape seed
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- "Sunflower, soya seed "
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- Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye
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- Miscanthus, switchgrass, RCG
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- Willow
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- Poplar
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- FuelwoodRW
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- C&P_RW
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biogas:
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- Manure solid, liquid
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- Sludge
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municipal solid waste:
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- Municipal waste
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share_unsustainable_use_retained:
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2020: 1
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2025: 0.66
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2030: 0.33
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2035: 0
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2040: 0
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2045: 0
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2050: 0
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share_sustainable_potential_available:
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2020: 0
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2025: 0.33
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2030: 0.66
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2035: 1
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2040: 1
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2045: 1
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2050: 1
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# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#solar-thermal
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solar_thermal:
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clearsky_model: simple # should be "simple" or "enhanced"?
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orientation:
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slope: 45.
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azimuth: 180.
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cutout: default
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# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#existing-capacities
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existing_capacities:
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grouping_years_power: [1920, 1950, 1955, 1960, 1965, 1970, 1975, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020, 2025]
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grouping_years_heat: [1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2019] # heat grouping years >= baseyear will be ignored
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threshold_capacity: 10
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default_heating_lifetime: 20
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conventional_carriers:
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- lignite
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- coal
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- oil
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- uranium
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# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#sector
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sector:
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transport: true
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heating: true
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biomass: true
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industry: true
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agriculture: true
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fossil_fuels: true
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district_heating:
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potential: 0.6
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progress:
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2020: 0.0
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2025: 0.15
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2030: 0.3
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2035: 0.45
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2040: 0.6
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2045: 0.8
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2050: 1.0
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district_heating_loss: 0.15
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supply_temperature_approximation:
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max_forward_temperature:
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FR: 110
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DK: 75
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DE: 109
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CZ: 130
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FI: 115
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PL: 130
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SE: 102
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IT: 90
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min_forward_temperature:
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DE: 82
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return_temperature:
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DE: 58
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lower_threshold_ambient_temperature: 0
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upper_threshold_ambient_temperature: 10
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rolling_window_ambient_temperature: 72
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heat_source_cooling: 6 #K
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heat_pump_cop_approximation:
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refrigerant: ammonia
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heat_exchanger_pinch_point_temperature_difference: 5 #K
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isentropic_compressor_efficiency: 0.8
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heat_loss: 0.0
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heat_pump_sources:
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urban central:
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- air
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urban decentral:
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- air
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rural:
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- air
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- ground
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cluster_heat_buses: true
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heat_demand_cutout: default
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bev_dsm_restriction_value: 0.75
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bev_dsm_restriction_time: 7
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transport_heating_deadband_upper: 20.
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transport_heating_deadband_lower: 15.
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ICE_lower_degree_factor: 0.375
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ICE_upper_degree_factor: 1.6
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EV_lower_degree_factor: 0.98
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EV_upper_degree_factor: 0.63
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bev_dsm: true
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bev_availability: 0.5
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|
bev_energy: 0.05
|
|
bev_charge_efficiency: 0.9
|
|
bev_charge_rate: 0.011
|
|
bev_avail_max: 0.95
|
|
bev_avail_mean: 0.8
|
|
v2g: true
|
|
land_transport_fuel_cell_share:
|
|
2020: 0
|
|
2025: 0
|
|
2030: 0
|
|
2035: 0
|
|
2040: 0
|
|
2045: 0
|
|
2050: 0
|
|
land_transport_electric_share:
|
|
2020: 0
|
|
2025: 0.15
|
|
2030: 0.3
|
|
2035: 0.45
|
|
2040: 0.7
|
|
2045: 0.85
|
|
2050: 1
|
|
land_transport_ice_share:
|
|
2020: 1
|
|
2025: 0.85
|
|
2030: 0.7
|
|
2035: 0.55
|
|
2040: 0.3
|
|
2045: 0.15
|
|
2050: 0
|
|
transport_electric_efficiency: 53.19 # 1 MWh_el = 53.19*100 km
|
|
transport_fuel_cell_efficiency: 30.003 # 1 MWh_H2 = 30.003*100 km
|
|
transport_ice_efficiency: 16.0712 # 1 MWh_oil = 16.0712 * 100 km
|
|
agriculture_machinery_electric_share: 0
|
|
agriculture_machinery_oil_share: 1
|
|
agriculture_machinery_fuel_efficiency: 0.7
|
|
agriculture_machinery_electric_efficiency: 0.3
|
|
MWh_MeOH_per_MWh_H2: 0.8787
|
|
MWh_MeOH_per_tCO2: 4.0321
|
|
MWh_MeOH_per_MWh_e: 3.6907
|
|
shipping_hydrogen_liquefaction: false
|
|
shipping_hydrogen_share:
|
|
2020: 0
|
|
2025: 0
|
|
2030: 0
|
|
2035: 0
|
|
2040: 0
|
|
2045: 0
|
|
2050: 0
|
|
shipping_methanol_share:
|
|
2020: 0
|
|
2025: 0.15
|
|
2030: 0.3
|
|
2035: 0.5
|
|
2040: 0.7
|
|
2045: 0.85
|
|
2050: 1
|
|
shipping_oil_share:
|
|
2020: 1
|
|
2025: 0.85
|
|
2030: 0.7
|
|
2035: 0.5
|
|
2040: 0.3
|
|
2045: 0.15
|
|
2050: 0
|
|
shipping_methanol_efficiency: 0.46
|
|
shipping_oil_efficiency: 0.40
|
|
aviation_demand_factor: 1.
|
|
HVC_demand_factor: 1.
|
|
time_dep_hp_cop: true
|
|
heat_pump_sink_T_individual_heating: 55.
|
|
reduce_space_heat_exogenously: true
|
|
reduce_space_heat_exogenously_factor:
|
|
2020: 0.10 # this results in a space heat demand reduction of 10%
|
|
2025: 0.09 # first heat demand increases compared to 2020 because of larger floor area per capita
|
|
2030: 0.09
|
|
2035: 0.11
|
|
2040: 0.16
|
|
2045: 0.21
|
|
2050: 0.29
|
|
retrofitting:
|
|
retro_endogen: false
|
|
cost_factor: 1.0
|
|
interest_rate: 0.04
|
|
annualise_cost: true
|
|
tax_weighting: false
|
|
construction_index: true
|
|
tes: true
|
|
tes_tau:
|
|
decentral: 3
|
|
central: 180
|
|
boilers: true
|
|
resistive_heaters: true
|
|
oil_boilers: false
|
|
biomass_boiler: true
|
|
overdimension_heat_generators:
|
|
decentral: 1.1 #to cover demand peaks bigger than data
|
|
central: 1.0
|
|
chp: true
|
|
micro_chp: false
|
|
solar_thermal: true
|
|
solar_cf_correction: 0.788457 # = >>> 1/1.2683
|
|
marginal_cost_storage: 0. #1e-4
|
|
methanation: true
|
|
coal_cc: false
|
|
dac: true
|
|
co2_vent: false
|
|
central_heat_vent: false
|
|
allam_cycle_gas: false
|
|
hydrogen_fuel_cell: true
|
|
hydrogen_turbine: false
|
|
SMR: true
|
|
SMR_cc: true
|
|
regional_oil_demand: false
|
|
regional_coal_demand: false
|
|
regional_co2_sequestration_potential:
|
|
enable: false
|
|
attribute:
|
|
- conservative estimate Mt
|
|
- conservative estimate GAS Mt
|
|
- conservative estimate OIL Mt
|
|
- conservative estimate aquifer Mt
|
|
include_onshore: false
|
|
min_size: 3
|
|
max_size: 25
|
|
years_of_storage: 25
|
|
co2_sequestration_potential:
|
|
2020: 0
|
|
2025: 0
|
|
2030: 50
|
|
2035: 100
|
|
2040: 200
|
|
2045: 200
|
|
2050: 200
|
|
co2_sequestration_cost: 10
|
|
co2_sequestration_lifetime: 50
|
|
co2_spatial: false
|
|
co2network: false
|
|
co2_network_cost_factor: 1
|
|
cc_fraction: 0.9
|
|
hydrogen_underground_storage: true
|
|
hydrogen_underground_storage_locations:
|
|
# - onshore # more than 50 km from sea
|
|
- nearshore # within 50 km of sea
|
|
# - offshore
|
|
methanol:
|
|
regional_methanol_demand: false
|
|
methanol_reforming: false
|
|
methanol_reforming_cc: false
|
|
methanol_to_kerosene: false
|
|
methanol_to_power:
|
|
ccgt: false
|
|
ccgt_cc: false
|
|
ocgt: false
|
|
allam: false
|
|
biomass_to_methanol: false
|
|
biomass_to_methanol_cc: false
|
|
ammonia: false
|
|
min_part_load_fischer_tropsch: 0.5
|
|
min_part_load_methanolisation: 0.3
|
|
min_part_load_methanation: 0.3
|
|
use_fischer_tropsch_waste_heat: 0.25
|
|
use_haber_bosch_waste_heat: 0.25
|
|
use_methanolisation_waste_heat: 0.25
|
|
use_methanation_waste_heat: 0.25
|
|
use_fuel_cell_waste_heat: 0.25
|
|
use_electrolysis_waste_heat: 0.25
|
|
electricity_transmission_grid: true
|
|
electricity_distribution_grid: true
|
|
electricity_grid_connection: true
|
|
transmission_efficiency:
|
|
DC:
|
|
efficiency_static: 0.98
|
|
efficiency_per_1000km: 0.977
|
|
H2 pipeline:
|
|
efficiency_per_1000km: 1 # 0.982
|
|
compression_per_1000km: 0.018
|
|
gas pipeline:
|
|
efficiency_per_1000km: 1 #0.977
|
|
compression_per_1000km: 0.01
|
|
electricity distribution grid:
|
|
efficiency_static: 0.97
|
|
H2_network: true
|
|
gas_network: false
|
|
H2_retrofit: false
|
|
H2_retrofit_capacity_per_CH4: 0.6
|
|
gas_network_connectivity_upgrade: 1
|
|
gas_distribution_grid: true
|
|
gas_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0
|
|
biomass_spatial: false
|
|
biomass_transport: false
|
|
biogas_upgrading_cc: false
|
|
conventional_generation:
|
|
OCGT: gas
|
|
biomass_to_liquid: false
|
|
biomass_to_liquid_cc: false
|
|
electrobiofuels: false
|
|
biosng: false
|
|
biosng_cc: false
|
|
bioH2: false
|
|
municipal_solid_waste: false
|
|
limit_max_growth:
|
|
enable: false
|
|
# allowing 30% larger than max historic growth
|
|
factor: 1.3
|
|
max_growth: # unit GW
|
|
onwind: 16 # onshore max grow so far 16 GW in Europe https://www.iea.org/reports/renewables-2020/wind
|
|
solar: 28 # solar max grow so far 28 GW in Europe https://www.iea.org/reports/renewables-2020/solar-pv
|
|
offwind-ac: 35 # offshore max grow so far 3.5 GW in Europe https://windeurope.org/about-wind/statistics/offshore/european-offshore-wind-industry-key-trends-statistics-2019/
|
|
offwind-dc: 35
|
|
max_relative_growth:
|
|
onwind: 3
|
|
solar: 3
|
|
offwind-ac: 3
|
|
offwind-dc: 3
|
|
enhanced_geothermal:
|
|
enable: false
|
|
flexible: true
|
|
max_hours: 240
|
|
max_boost: 0.25
|
|
var_cf: true
|
|
sustainability_factor: 0.0025
|
|
solid_biomass_import:
|
|
enable: false
|
|
price: 54 #EUR/MWh
|
|
max_amount: 1390 # TWh
|
|
upstream_emissions_factor: .1 #share of solid biomass CO2 emissions at full combustion
|
|
|
|
|
|
# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#industry
|
|
industry:
|
|
St_primary_fraction:
|
|
2020: 0.6
|
|
2025: 0.55
|
|
2030: 0.5
|
|
2035: 0.45
|
|
2040: 0.4
|
|
2045: 0.35
|
|
2050: 0.3
|
|
DRI_fraction:
|
|
2020: 0
|
|
2025: 0
|
|
2030: 0.05
|
|
2035: 0.2
|
|
2040: 0.4
|
|
2045: 0.7
|
|
2050: 1
|
|
H2_DRI: 1.7
|
|
elec_DRI: 0.322
|
|
Al_primary_fraction:
|
|
2020: 0.4
|
|
2025: 0.375
|
|
2030: 0.35
|
|
2035: 0.325
|
|
2040: 0.3
|
|
2045: 0.25
|
|
2050: 0.2
|
|
MWh_NH3_per_tNH3: 5.166
|
|
MWh_CH4_per_tNH3_SMR: 10.8
|
|
MWh_elec_per_tNH3_SMR: 0.7
|
|
MWh_H2_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 5.93
|
|
MWh_elec_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 0.2473
|
|
MWh_NH3_per_MWh_H2_cracker: 1.46 # https://github.com/euronion/trace/blob/44a5ff8401762edbef80eff9cfe5a47c8d3c8be4/data/efficiencies.csv
|
|
NH3_process_emissions: 24.5
|
|
petrochemical_process_emissions: 25.5
|
|
#HVC primary/recycling based on values used in Neumann et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2023.06.016, linearly interpolated between 2020 and 2050
|
|
#2020 recycling rates based on Agora https://static.agora-energiewende.de/fileadmin/Projekte/2021/2021_02_EU_CEAP/A-EW_254_Mobilising-circular-economy_study_WEB.pdf
|
|
#fractions refer to the total primary HVC production in 2020
|
|
#assumes 6.7 Mtplastics produced from recycling in 2020
|
|
HVC_primary_fraction:
|
|
2020: 1.0
|
|
2025: 0.9
|
|
2030: 0.8
|
|
2035: 0.7
|
|
2040: 0.6
|
|
2045: 0.5
|
|
2050: 0.4
|
|
HVC_mechanical_recycling_fraction:
|
|
2020: 0.12
|
|
2025: 0.15
|
|
2030: 0.18
|
|
2035: 0.21
|
|
2040: 0.24
|
|
2045: 0.27
|
|
2050: 0.30
|
|
HVC_chemical_recycling_fraction:
|
|
2020: 0.0
|
|
2025: 0.0
|
|
2030: 0.04
|
|
2035: 0.08
|
|
2040: 0.12
|
|
2045: 0.16
|
|
2050: 0.20
|
|
HVC_environment_sequestration_fraction: 0.
|
|
waste_to_energy: false
|
|
waste_to_energy_cc: false
|
|
sector_ratios_fraction_future:
|
|
2020: 0.0
|
|
2025: 0.1
|
|
2030: 0.3
|
|
2035: 0.5
|
|
2040: 0.7
|
|
2045: 0.9
|
|
2050: 1.0
|
|
basic_chemicals_without_NH3_production_today: 69. #Mt/a, = 86 Mtethylene-equiv - 17 MtNH3
|
|
HVC_production_today: 52.
|
|
MWh_elec_per_tHVC_mechanical_recycling: 0.547
|
|
MWh_elec_per_tHVC_chemical_recycling: 6.9
|
|
chlorine_production_today: 9.58
|
|
MWh_elec_per_tCl: 3.6
|
|
MWh_H2_per_tCl: -0.9372
|
|
methanol_production_today: 1.5
|
|
MWh_elec_per_tMeOH: 0.167
|
|
MWh_CH4_per_tMeOH: 10.25
|
|
MWh_MeOH_per_tMeOH: 5.528
|
|
hotmaps_locate_missing: false
|
|
reference_year: 2019
|
|
oil_refining_emissions: 0.013
|
|
|
|
|
|
# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#costs
|
|
costs:
|
|
year: 2030
|
|
version: v0.9.2
|
|
social_discountrate: 0.02
|
|
fill_values:
|
|
FOM: 0
|
|
VOM: 0
|
|
efficiency: 1
|
|
fuel: 0
|
|
investment: 0
|
|
lifetime: 25
|
|
"CO2 intensity": 0
|
|
"discount rate": 0.07
|
|
# Marginal and capital costs can be overwritten
|
|
# capital_cost:
|
|
# onwind: 500
|
|
marginal_cost:
|
|
solar: 0.01
|
|
onwind: 0.015
|
|
offwind: 0.015
|
|
hydro: 0.
|
|
H2: 0.
|
|
electrolysis: 0.
|
|
fuel cell: 0.
|
|
battery: 0.
|
|
battery inverter: 0.
|
|
emission_prices:
|
|
enable: false
|
|
co2: 0.
|
|
co2_monthly_prices: false
|
|
|
|
# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#clustering
|
|
clustering:
|
|
focus_weights: false
|
|
simplify_network:
|
|
to_substations: false
|
|
remove_stubs: true
|
|
remove_stubs_across_borders: false
|
|
cluster_network:
|
|
algorithm: kmeans
|
|
hac_features:
|
|
- wnd100m
|
|
- influx_direct
|
|
exclude_carriers: []
|
|
consider_efficiency_classes: false
|
|
aggregation_strategies:
|
|
generators:
|
|
committable: any
|
|
ramp_limit_up: max
|
|
ramp_limit_down: max
|
|
temporal:
|
|
resolution_elec: false
|
|
resolution_sector: false
|
|
|
|
# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#adjustments
|
|
adjustments:
|
|
electricity: false
|
|
sector:
|
|
factor:
|
|
Link:
|
|
electricity distribution grid:
|
|
capital_cost: 1.0
|
|
absolute: false
|
|
|
|
# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#solving
|
|
solving:
|
|
#tmpdir: "path/to/tmp"
|
|
options:
|
|
clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2
|
|
load_shedding: false
|
|
curtailment_mode: false
|
|
noisy_costs: true
|
|
skip_iterations: true
|
|
rolling_horizon: false
|
|
seed: 123
|
|
custom_extra_functionality: "../data/custom_extra_functionality.py"
|
|
# io_api: "direct" # Increases performance but only supported for the highs and gurobi solvers
|
|
# options that go into the optimize function
|
|
track_iterations: false
|
|
min_iterations: 2
|
|
max_iterations: 3
|
|
transmission_losses: 2
|
|
linearized_unit_commitment: true
|
|
horizon: 365
|
|
post_discretization:
|
|
enable: false
|
|
line_unit_size: 1700
|
|
line_threshold: 0.3
|
|
link_unit_size:
|
|
DC: 2000
|
|
H2 pipeline: 1200
|
|
gas pipeline: 1500
|
|
link_threshold:
|
|
DC: 0.3
|
|
H2 pipeline: 0.3
|
|
gas pipeline: 0.3
|
|
fractional_last_unit_size: false
|
|
|
|
agg_p_nom_limits:
|
|
agg_offwind: false
|
|
include_existing: false
|
|
file: data/agg_p_nom_minmax.csv
|
|
|
|
constraints:
|
|
CCL: false
|
|
EQ: false
|
|
BAU: false
|
|
SAFE: false
|
|
|
|
solver:
|
|
name: gurobi
|
|
options: gurobi-default
|
|
|
|
solver_options:
|
|
highs-default:
|
|
# refer to https://ergo-code.github.io/HiGHS/dev/options/definitions/
|
|
threads: 1
|
|
solver: "ipm"
|
|
run_crossover: "off"
|
|
small_matrix_value: 1e-6
|
|
large_matrix_value: 1e9
|
|
primal_feasibility_tolerance: 1e-5
|
|
dual_feasibility_tolerance: 1e-5
|
|
ipm_optimality_tolerance: 1e-4
|
|
parallel: "on"
|
|
random_seed: 123
|
|
gurobi-default:
|
|
threads: 8
|
|
method: 2 # barrier
|
|
crossover: 0
|
|
BarConvTol: 1.e-6
|
|
Seed: 123
|
|
AggFill: 0
|
|
PreDual: 0
|
|
GURO_PAR_BARDENSETHRESH: 200
|
|
gurobi-numeric-focus:
|
|
NumericFocus: 3 # Favour numeric stability over speed
|
|
method: 2 # barrier
|
|
crossover: 0 # do not use crossover
|
|
BarHomogeneous: 1 # Use homogeneous barrier if standard does not converge
|
|
BarConvTol: 1.e-5
|
|
FeasibilityTol: 1.e-4
|
|
OptimalityTol: 1.e-4
|
|
ObjScale: -0.5
|
|
threads: 8
|
|
Seed: 123
|
|
gurobi-fallback: # Use gurobi defaults
|
|
crossover: 0
|
|
method: 2 # barrier
|
|
BarHomogeneous: 1 # Use homogeneous barrier if standard does not converge
|
|
BarConvTol: 1.e-5
|
|
FeasibilityTol: 1.e-5
|
|
OptimalityTol: 1.e-5
|
|
Seed: 123
|
|
threads: 8
|
|
cplex-default:
|
|
threads: 4
|
|
lpmethod: 4 # barrier
|
|
solutiontype: 2 # non basic solution, ie no crossover
|
|
barrier.convergetol: 1.e-5
|
|
feasopt.tolerance: 1.e-6
|
|
copt-default:
|
|
Threads: 8
|
|
LpMethod: 2
|
|
Crossover: 0
|
|
RelGap: 1.e-6
|
|
Dualize: 0
|
|
copt-gpu:
|
|
LpMethod: 6
|
|
GPUMode: 1
|
|
PDLPTol: 1.e-5
|
|
Crossover: 0
|
|
cbc-default: {} # Used in CI
|
|
glpk-default: {} # Used in CI
|
|
|
|
mem_mb: 30000 #memory in MB; 20 GB enough for 50+B+I+H2; 100 GB for 181+B+I+H2
|
|
runtime: 6h #runtime in humanfriendly style https://humanfriendly.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
|
|
|
|
|
|
# docs in https://pypsa-eur.readthedocs.io/en/latest/configuration.html#plotting
|
|
plotting:
|
|
map:
|
|
boundaries: [-11, 30, 34, 71]
|
|
color_geomap:
|
|
ocean: white
|
|
land: white
|
|
projection:
|
|
name: "EqualEarth"
|
|
# See https://scitools.org.uk/cartopy/docs/latest/reference/projections.html for alternatives, for example:
|
|
# name: "LambertConformal"
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# central_longitude: 10.
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# central_latitude: 50.
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# standard_parallels: [35, 65]
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eu_node_location:
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x: -5.5
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y: 46.
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costs_max: 1000
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costs_threshold: 1
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energy_max: 20000
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energy_min: -20000
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energy_threshold: 50.
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nice_names:
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OCGT: "Open-Cycle Gas"
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CCGT: "Combined-Cycle Gas"
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offwind-ac: "Offshore Wind (AC)"
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offwind-dc: "Offshore Wind (DC)"
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offwind-float: "Offshore Wind (Floating)"
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onwind: "Onshore Wind"
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solar: "Solar"
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PHS: "Pumped Hydro Storage"
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hydro: "Reservoir & Dam"
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battery: "Battery Storage"
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H2: "Hydrogen Storage"
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lines: "Transmission Lines"
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ror: "Run of River"
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load: "Load Shedding"
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ac: "AC"
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dc: "DC"
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tech_colors:
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# wind
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onwind: "#235ebc"
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onshore wind: "#235ebc"
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offwind: "#6895dd"
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offshore wind: "#6895dd"
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offwind-ac: "#6895dd"
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offshore wind (AC): "#6895dd"
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offshore wind ac: "#6895dd"
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offwind-dc: "#74c6f2"
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offshore wind (DC): "#74c6f2"
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offshore wind dc: "#74c6f2"
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offwind-float: "#b5e2fa"
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offshore wind (Float): "#b5e2fa"
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offshore wind float: "#b5e2fa"
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# water
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hydro: '#298c81'
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hydro reservoir: '#298c81'
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ror: '#3dbfb0'
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run of river: '#3dbfb0'
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hydroelectricity: '#298c81'
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PHS: '#51dbcc'
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hydro+PHS: "#08ad97"
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# solar
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solar: "#f9d002"
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solar PV: "#f9d002"
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solar-hsat: "#fdb915"
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solar thermal: '#ffbf2b'
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residential rural solar thermal: '#f1c069'
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services rural solar thermal: '#eabf61'
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residential urban decentral solar thermal: '#e5bc5a'
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services urban decentral solar thermal: '#dfb953'
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urban central solar thermal: '#d7b24c'
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solar rooftop: '#ffea80'
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# gas
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OCGT: '#e0986c'
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OCGT marginal: '#e0986c'
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OCGT-heat: '#e0986c'
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gas boiler: '#db6a25'
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gas boilers: '#db6a25'
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gas boiler marginal: '#db6a25'
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residential rural gas boiler: '#d4722e'
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residential urban decentral gas boiler: '#cb7a36'
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services rural gas boiler: '#c4813f'
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services urban decentral gas boiler: '#ba8947'
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urban central gas boiler: '#b0904f'
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gas: '#e05b09'
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fossil gas: '#e05b09'
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natural gas: '#e05b09'
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biogas to gas: '#e36311'
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biogas to gas CC: '#e51245'
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CCGT: '#a85522'
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CCGT marginal: '#a85522'
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allam: '#B98F76'
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gas for industry co2 to atmosphere: '#692e0a'
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gas for industry co2 to stored: '#8a3400'
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gas for industry: '#853403'
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gas for industry CC: '#692e0a'
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gas pipeline: '#ebbca0'
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gas pipeline new: '#a87c62'
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# oil
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oil: '#c9c9c9'
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oil primary: '#d2d2d2'
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oil refining: '#e6e6e6'
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imported oil: '#a3a3a3'
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oil boiler: '#adadad'
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residential rural oil boiler: '#a9a9a9'
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services rural oil boiler: '#a5a5a5'
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residential urban decentral oil boiler: '#a1a1a1'
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urban central oil boiler: '#9d9d9d'
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services urban decentral oil boiler: '#999999'
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agriculture machinery oil: '#949494'
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shipping oil: "#808080"
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land transport oil: '#afafaf'
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# nuclear
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Nuclear: '#ff8c00'
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Nuclear marginal: '#ff8c00'
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nuclear: '#ff8c00'
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uranium: '#ff8c00'
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# coal
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Coal: '#545454'
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coal: '#545454'
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Coal marginal: '#545454'
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coal for industry: '#343434'
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solid: '#545454'
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Lignite: '#826837'
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lignite: '#826837'
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Lignite marginal: '#826837'
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# biomass
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biogas: '#e3d37d'
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biomass: '#baa741'
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solid biomass: '#baa741'
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municipal solid waste: '#91ba41'
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solid biomass import: '#d5ca8d'
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solid biomass transport: '#baa741'
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solid biomass for industry: '#7a6d26'
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solid biomass for industry CC: '#47411c'
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solid biomass for industry co2 from atmosphere: '#736412'
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solid biomass for industry co2 to stored: '#47411c'
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urban central solid biomass CHP: '#9d9042'
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urban central solid biomass CHP CC: '#6c5d28'
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biomass boiler: '#8A9A5B'
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residential rural biomass boiler: '#a1a066'
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residential urban decentral biomass boiler: '#b0b87b'
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services rural biomass boiler: '#c6cf98'
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services urban decentral biomass boiler: '#dde5b5'
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biomass to liquid: '#32CD32'
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unsustainable solid biomass: '#998622'
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unsustainable bioliquids: '#32CD32'
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electrobiofuels: 'red'
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BioSNG: '#123456'
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solid biomass to hydrogen: '#654321'
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# power transmission
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lines: '#6c9459'
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transmission lines: '#6c9459'
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electricity distribution grid: '#97ad8c'
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low voltage: '#97ad8c'
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# electricity demand
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Electric load: '#110d63'
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electric demand: '#110d63'
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electricity: '#110d63'
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industry electricity: '#2d2a66'
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industry new electricity: '#2d2a66'
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agriculture electricity: '#494778'
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# battery + EVs
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battery: '#ace37f'
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battery storage: '#ace37f'
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battery charger: '#88a75b'
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battery discharger: '#5d4e29'
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home battery: '#80c944'
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home battery storage: '#80c944'
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home battery charger: '#5e8032'
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home battery discharger: '#3c5221'
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BEV charger: '#baf238'
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V2G: '#e5ffa8'
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land transport EV: '#baf238'
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land transport demand: '#38baf2'
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EV battery: '#baf238'
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# hot water storage
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water tanks: '#e69487'
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residential rural water tanks: '#f7b7a3'
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services rural water tanks: '#f3afa3'
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residential urban decentral water tanks: '#f2b2a3'
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services urban decentral water tanks: '#f1b4a4'
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urban central water tanks: '#e9977d'
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hot water storage: '#e69487'
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hot water charging: '#e8998b'
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urban central water tanks charger: '#b57a67'
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residential rural water tanks charger: '#b4887c'
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residential urban decentral water tanks charger: '#b39995'
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services rural water tanks charger: '#b3abb0'
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services urban decentral water tanks charger: '#b3becc'
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hot water discharging: '#e99c8e'
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urban central water tanks discharger: '#b9816e'
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residential rural water tanks discharger: '#ba9685'
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residential urban decentral water tanks discharger: '#baac9e'
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services rural water tanks discharger: '#bbc2b8'
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services urban decentral water tanks discharger: '#bdd8d3'
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# heat demand
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Heat load: '#cc1f1f'
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heat: '#cc1f1f'
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heat vent: '#aa3344'
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heat demand: '#cc1f1f'
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rural heat: '#ff5c5c'
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residential rural heat: '#ff7c7c'
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services rural heat: '#ff9c9c'
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central heat: '#cc1f1f'
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urban central heat: '#d15959'
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urban central heat vent: '#a74747'
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decentral heat: '#750606'
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residential urban decentral heat: '#a33c3c'
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services urban decentral heat: '#cc1f1f'
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low-temperature heat for industry: '#8f2727'
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process heat: '#ff0000'
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agriculture heat: '#d9a5a5'
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# heat supply
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heat pumps: '#2fb537'
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heat pump: '#2fb537'
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air heat pump: '#36eb41'
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residential urban decentral air heat pump: '#48f74f'
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services urban decentral air heat pump: '#5af95d'
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services rural air heat pump: '#5af95d'
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urban central air heat pump: '#6cfb6b'
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ground heat pump: '#2fb537'
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residential rural ground heat pump: '#48f74f'
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residential rural air heat pump: '#48f74f'
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services rural ground heat pump: '#5af95d'
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Ambient: '#98eb9d'
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CHP: '#8a5751'
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urban central gas CHP: '#8d5e56'
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CHP CC: '#634643'
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urban central gas CHP CC: '#6e4e4c'
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CHP heat: '#8a5751'
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CHP electric: '#8a5751'
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district heating: '#e8beac'
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resistive heater: '#d8f9b8'
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residential rural resistive heater: '#bef5b5'
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residential urban decentral resistive heater: '#b2f1a9'
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services rural resistive heater: '#a5ed9d'
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services urban decentral resistive heater: '#98e991'
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urban central resistive heater: '#8cdf85'
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retrofitting: '#8487e8'
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building retrofitting: '#8487e8'
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# hydrogen
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H2 for industry: "#f073da"
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H2 for shipping: "#ebaee0"
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H2: '#bf13a0'
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hydrogen: '#bf13a0'
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retrofitted H2 boiler: '#e5a0d9'
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SMR: '#870c71'
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SMR CC: '#4f1745'
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H2 liquefaction: '#d647bd'
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hydrogen storage: '#bf13a0'
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H2 Store: '#bf13a0'
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H2 storage: '#bf13a0'
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land transport fuel cell: '#6b3161'
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H2 pipeline: '#f081dc'
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H2 pipeline retrofitted: '#ba99b5'
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H2 Fuel Cell: '#c251ae'
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H2 fuel cell: '#c251ae'
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H2 turbine: '#991f83'
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H2 Electrolysis: '#ff29d9'
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H2 electrolysis: '#ff29d9'
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# ammonia
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NH3: '#46caf0'
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ammonia: '#46caf0'
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ammonia store: '#00ace0'
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ammonia cracker: '#87d0e6'
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Haber-Bosch: '#076987'
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# syngas
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Sabatier: '#9850ad'
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methanation: '#c44ce6'
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methane: '#c44ce6'
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# synfuels
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Fischer-Tropsch: '#25c49a'
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liquid: '#25c49a'
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kerosene for aviation: '#a1ffe6'
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naphtha for industry: '#57ebc4'
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methanol-to-kerosene: '#C98468'
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methanol-to-olefins/aromatics: '#FFA07A'
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Methanol steam reforming: '#FFBF00'
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Methanol steam reforming CC: '#A2EA8A'
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methanolisation: '#00FFBF'
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biomass-to-methanol: '#EAD28A'
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biomass-to-methanol CC: '#EADBAD'
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allam methanol: '#B98F76'
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CCGT methanol: '#B98F76'
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CCGT methanol CC: '#B98F76'
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OCGT methanol: '#B98F76'
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methanol: '#FF7B00'
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methanol transport: '#FF7B00'
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shipping methanol: '#468c8b'
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industry methanol: '#468c8b'
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# co2
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CC: '#f29dae'
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CCS: '#f29dae'
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CO2 sequestration: '#f29dae'
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DAC: '#ff5270'
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co2 stored: '#f2385a'
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co2 sequestered: '#f2682f'
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co2: '#f29dae'
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co2 vent: '#ffd4dc'
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CO2 pipeline: '#f5627f'
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# emissions
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process emissions CC: '#000000'
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process emissions: '#222222'
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process emissions to stored: '#444444'
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process emissions to atmosphere: '#888888'
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oil emissions: '#aaaaaa'
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shipping oil emissions: "#555555"
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shipping methanol emissions: '#666666'
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land transport oil emissions: '#777777'
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agriculture machinery oil emissions: '#333333'
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# other
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shipping: '#03a2ff'
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power-to-heat: '#2fb537'
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power-to-gas: '#c44ce6'
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power-to-H2: '#ff29d9'
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power-to-liquid: '#25c49a'
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gas-to-power/heat: '#ee8340'
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waste: '#e3d37d'
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other: '#000000'
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geothermal: '#ba91b1'
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geothermal heat: '#ba91b1'
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geothermal district heat: '#d19D00'
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geothermal organic rankine cycle: '#ffbf00'
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AC: "#70af1d"
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AC-AC: "#70af1d"
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AC line: "#70af1d"
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links: "#8a1caf"
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HVDC links: "#8a1caf"
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DC: "#8a1caf"
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DC-DC: "#8a1caf"
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DC link: "#8a1caf"
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load: "#dd2e23"
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waste CHP: '#e3d37d'
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waste CHP CC: '#e3d3ff'
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HVC to air: 'k'
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