403 lines
13 KiB
Python
403 lines
13 KiB
Python
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import pandas as pd
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#allow plotting without Xwindows
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import matplotlib
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matplotlib.use('Agg')
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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
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import pypsa
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import numpy as np
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from plot_summary import rename_techs, preferred_order
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from make_summary import assign_carriers
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#from sector/scripts/paper_graphics-co2_sweep.py
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from matplotlib.patches import Circle, Ellipse
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from matplotlib.legend_handler import HandlerPatch
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import cartopy.crs as ccrs
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override_component_attrs = pypsa.descriptors.Dict({k : v.copy() for k,v in pypsa.components.component_attrs.items()})
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override_component_attrs["Link"].loc["bus2"] = ["string",np.nan,np.nan,"2nd bus","Input (optional)"]
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override_component_attrs["Link"].loc["bus3"] = ["string",np.nan,np.nan,"3rd bus","Input (optional)"]
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override_component_attrs["Link"].loc["efficiency2"] = ["static or series","per unit",1.,"2nd bus efficiency","Input (optional)"]
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override_component_attrs["Link"].loc["efficiency3"] = ["static or series","per unit",1.,"3rd bus efficiency","Input (optional)"]
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override_component_attrs["Link"].loc["p2"] = ["series","MW",0.,"2nd bus output","Output"]
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override_component_attrs["Link"].loc["p3"] = ["series","MW",0.,"3rd bus output","Output"]
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def rename_techs_tyndp(tech):
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tech = rename_techs(tech)
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if "heat pump" in tech or "resistive heater" in tech:
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return "power-to-heat"
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elif tech in ["methanation","hydrogen storage","helmeth"]:
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return "power-to-gas"
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elif tech in ["OCGT","CHP","gas boiler"]:
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return "gas-to-power/heat"
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elif "solar" in tech:
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return "solar"
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elif tech == "Fischer-Tropsch":
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return "power-to-liquid"
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elif "offshore wind" in tech:
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return "offshore wind"
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else:
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return tech
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def make_handler_map_to_scale_circles_as_in(ax, dont_resize_actively=False):
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fig = ax.get_figure()
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def axes2pt():
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return np.diff(ax.transData.transform([(0,0), (1,1)]), axis=0)[0] * (72./fig.dpi)
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ellipses = []
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if not dont_resize_actively:
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def update_width_height(event):
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dist = axes2pt()
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for e, radius in ellipses: e.width, e.height = 2. * radius * dist
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fig.canvas.mpl_connect('resize_event', update_width_height)
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ax.callbacks.connect('xlim_changed', update_width_height)
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ax.callbacks.connect('ylim_changed', update_width_height)
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def legend_circle_handler(legend, orig_handle, xdescent, ydescent,
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width, height, fontsize):
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w, h = 2. * orig_handle.get_radius() * axes2pt()
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e = Ellipse(xy=(0.5*width-0.5*xdescent, 0.5*height-0.5*ydescent), width=w, height=w)
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ellipses.append((e, orig_handle.get_radius()))
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return e
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return {Circle: HandlerPatch(patch_func=legend_circle_handler)}
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def make_legend_circles_for(sizes, scale=1.0, **kw):
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return [Circle((0,0), radius=(s/scale)**0.5, **kw) for s in sizes]
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def assign_location(n):
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for c in n.iterate_components(n.one_port_components|n.branch_components):
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ifind = pd.Series(c.df.index.str.find(" ",start=4),c.df.index)
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for i in ifind.value_counts().index:
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#these have already been assigned defaults
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if i == -1:
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continue
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names = ifind.index[ifind == i]
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c.df.loc[names,'location'] = names.str[:i]
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def plot_map(components=["links","stores","storage_units","generators"],bus_size_factor=1.7e10,suffix="all"):
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n = pypsa.Network(snakemake.input.network,
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override_component_attrs=override_component_attrs)
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assign_location(n)
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#Drop non-electric buses so they don't clutter the plot
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n.buses.drop(n.buses.index[n.buses.carrier != "AC"],inplace=True)
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costs = pd.DataFrame(index=n.buses.index)
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for comp in components:
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getattr(n,comp)["nice_group"] = getattr(n,comp).carrier.map(rename_techs_tyndp)
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attr = "e_nom_opt" if comp == "stores" else "p_nom_opt"
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costs = pd.concat((costs,(getattr(n,comp).capital_cost*getattr(n,comp)[attr]).groupby((getattr(n,comp).location,getattr(n,comp).nice_group)).sum().unstack().fillna(0.)),axis=1)
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print(comp,costs)
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costs = costs.groupby(costs.columns,axis=1).sum()
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costs.drop(list(costs.columns[(costs == 0.).all()]),axis=1,inplace=True)
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new_columns = (preferred_order&costs.columns).append(costs.columns.difference(preferred_order))
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costs = costs[new_columns]
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#print(costs)
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#print(costs.sum())
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costs = costs.stack()#.sort_index()
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#print(costs)
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fig, ax = plt.subplots(subplot_kw={"projection":ccrs.PlateCarree()})
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fig.set_size_inches(7,6)
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linewidth_factor=2e3
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ac_color="gray"
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dc_color="m"
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#hack because impossible to drop buses...
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n.buses.loc["EU gas",["x","y"]] = n.buses.loc["DE0 0",["x","y"]]
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n.links.drop(n.links.index[(n.links.carrier != "DC") & (n.links.carrier != "B2B")],inplace=True)
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line_widths_exp = pd.concat(dict(Line=(n.lines.s_nom_opt-n.lines.s_nom), Link=(n.links.p_nom_opt-n.links.p_nom)))
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#PDF has minimum width, so set these to zero
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line_threshold = 500.
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line_widths_exp[line_widths_exp < line_threshold] = 0.
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#drop non-bus
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to_drop = costs.index.levels[0]^n.buses.index
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print("dropping non-buses",to_drop)
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costs.drop(to_drop,level=0,inplace=True,axis=0)
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#make sure they are removed from index
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costs.index = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples(costs.index.values)
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n.plot(bus_sizes=costs/bus_size_factor,
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bus_colors=snakemake.config['plotting']['tech_colors'],
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line_colors=dict(Line=ac_color, Link=dc_color),
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line_widths=line_widths_exp/linewidth_factor,
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ax=ax)
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handles = make_legend_circles_for([5e9, 1e9], scale=bus_size_factor, facecolor="gray")
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labels = ["{} bEUR/a".format(s) for s in (5, 1)]
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l2 = ax.legend(handles, labels,
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loc="upper left", bbox_to_anchor=(0.01, 1.01),
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labelspacing=1.0,
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framealpha=1.,
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title='System cost',
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handler_map=make_handler_map_to_scale_circles_as_in(ax))
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ax.add_artist(l2)
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handles = []
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labels = []
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for s in (10, 5):
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handles.append(plt.Line2D([0],[0],color=ac_color,
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linewidth=s*1e3/linewidth_factor))
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labels.append("{} GW".format(s))
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l1 = l1_1 = ax.legend(handles, labels,
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loc="upper left", bbox_to_anchor=(0.30, 1.01),
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framealpha=1,
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labelspacing=0.8, handletextpad=1.5,
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title='Transmission reinforcement')
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ax.add_artist(l1_1)
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#ax.set_title("Scenario {} with {} transmission".format(snakemake.config['plotting']['scenario_names'][flex],"optimal" if line_limit == "opt" else "no"))
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fig.tight_layout()
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fig.savefig("{}/{}/graphs/{}-CO0-spatial-costs-{}.pdf".format(snakemake.config['summary_dir'],
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snakemake.config['run'],
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snakemake.input.scenario.replace(".","p"),
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suffix),transparent=True)
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def plot_map_without():
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n = pypsa.Network(snakemake.input.network,
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override_component_attrs=override_component_attrs)
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assign_location(n)
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#Drop non-electric buses so they don't clutter the plot
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n.buses.drop(n.buses.index[n.buses.carrier != "AC"],inplace=True)
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fig, ax = plt.subplots(subplot_kw={"projection":ccrs.PlateCarree()})
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fig.set_size_inches(7,6)
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linewidth_factor=2e3
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ac_color="gray"
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dc_color="m"
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#hack because impossible to drop buses...
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n.buses.loc["EU gas",["x","y"]] = n.buses.loc["DE0 0",["x","y"]]
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n.links.drop(n.links.index[(n.links.carrier != "DC") & (n.links.carrier != "B2B")],inplace=True)
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line_widths_exp = pd.concat(dict(Line=(n.lines.s_nom), Link=(n.links.p_nom)))
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#PDF has minimum width, so set these to zero
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line_threshold = 0.
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line_widths_exp[line_widths_exp < line_threshold] = 0.
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line_widths_exp[line_widths_exp > 1e4] = 1e4
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n.plot(bus_sizes=10,
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bus_colors="k",
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line_colors=dict(Line=ac_color, Link=dc_color),
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line_widths=line_widths_exp/linewidth_factor,
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ax=ax)
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handles = []
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labels = []
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for s in (10, 5):
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handles.append(plt.Line2D([0],[0],color=ac_color,
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linewidth=s*1e3/linewidth_factor))
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labels.append("{} GW".format(s))
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l1 = l1_1 = ax.legend(handles, labels,
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loc="upper left", bbox_to_anchor=(0.05, 1.01),
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framealpha=1,
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labelspacing=0.8, handletextpad=1.5,
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title='Today\'s transmission')
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ax.add_artist(l1_1)
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#ax.set_title("Scenario {} with {} transmission".format(snakemake.config['plotting']['scenario_names'][flex],"optimal" if line_limit == "opt" else "no"))
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fig.tight_layout()
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fig.savefig("{}/{}/graphs/today.pdf".format(snakemake.config['summary_dir'],
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snakemake.config['run']),
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transparent=True)
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def plot_series(carrier="AC"):
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n = pypsa.Network(snakemake.input.network,
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override_component_attrs=override_component_attrs)
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assign_location(n)
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assign_carriers(n)
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buses = n.buses.index[n.buses.carrier == carrier]
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supply = pd.DataFrame(index=n.snapshots)
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for c in n.iterate_components(n.branch_components):
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for i in range(2):
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supply = pd.concat((supply,(-1)*c.pnl["p"+str(i)].loc[:,c.df.index[c.df["bus" + str(i)].isin(buses)]].groupby(c.df.carrier,axis=1).sum()),axis=1)
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for c in n.iterate_components(n.one_port_components):
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comps = c.df.index[c.df.bus.isin(buses)]
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supply = pd.concat((supply,((c.pnl["p"].loc[:,comps]).multiply(c.df.loc[comps,"sign"])).groupby(c.df.carrier,axis=1).sum()),axis=1)
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supply = supply.groupby(rename_techs_tyndp,axis=1).sum()
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both = supply.columns[(supply < 0.).any() & (supply > 0.).any()]
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positive_supply = supply[both]
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negative_supply = supply[both]
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positive_supply[positive_supply < 0.] = 0.
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negative_supply[negative_supply > 0.] = 0.
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supply[both] = positive_supply
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suffix = " charging"
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negative_supply.columns = negative_supply.columns + suffix
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supply = pd.concat((supply,negative_supply),axis=1)
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fig, ax = plt.subplots()
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fig.set_size_inches((8,5))
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#14-21.2 for flaute
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#19-26.1 for flaute
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start = "2013-01-19"
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stop = "2013-01-26"
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threshold = 10e3
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to_drop = supply.columns[(abs(supply) < threshold).all()]
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print("dropping",to_drop)
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supply.drop(columns=to_drop,inplace=True)
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supply.index.name=None
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supply = supply/1e3
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supply.rename(columns={"electricity" : "electric demand",
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"heat" : "heat demand"},
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inplace=True)
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preferred_order = pd.Index(["electric demand","transmission lines","hydroelectricity","hydro reservoir","run of river","pumped hydro storage","CHP","onshore wind","offshore wind","solar PV","solar thermal","building retrofitting","ground heat pump","air heat pump","resistive heater","OCGT","gas boiler","gas","natural gas","methanation","hydrogen storage","battery storage","hot water storage"])
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new_columns = (preferred_order&supply.columns).append(supply.columns.difference(preferred_order))
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supply.loc[start:stop,new_columns].plot(ax=ax,kind="area",stacked=True,linewidth=0.,color=[snakemake.config['plotting']['tech_colors'][i.replace(suffix,"")] for i in new_columns])
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handles,labels = ax.get_legend_handles_labels()
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handles.reverse()
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labels.reverse()
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new_handles = []
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new_labels = []
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for i,item in enumerate(labels):
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if "charging" not in item:
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new_handles.append(handles[i])
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new_labels.append(labels[i])
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ax.legend(new_handles,new_labels,ncol=3,loc="upper left")
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ax.set_xlim([start,stop])
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ax.set_ylim([-1300,1900])
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ax.grid(True)
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ax.set_ylabel("Power [GW]")
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fig.tight_layout()
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fig.savefig("{}/series-{}-{}-{}.pdf".format(snakemake.config['summary_dir'],carrier,start,stop),transparent=True)
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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# Detect running outside of snakemake and mock snakemake for testing
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if 'snakemake' not in globals():
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from vresutils import Dict
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import yaml
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snakemake = Dict()
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with open('config.yaml') as f:
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snakemake.config = yaml.load(f)
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snakemake.input = Dict()
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snakemake.input.scenario = "lv1.0" #lv1.0, lv1.25, lvopt
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snakemake.config["run"] = "190503-es2050-lv"
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snakemake.input.network = "{}{}/postnetworks/elec_s_181_{}__Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-solar3.nc".format(snakemake.config['results_dir'],
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snakemake.config['run'],
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snakemake.input.scenario)
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plot_map(components=["generators","links","stores","storage_units"],bus_size_factor=1.5e10,suffix="all")
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plot_map_without()
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#plot_map(components=["generators"],bus_size_factor=1.7e10,suffix="generators")
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#plot_map(components=["links","stores","storage_units"],bus_size_factor=4e9,suffix="rest")
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#plot_series(carrier="AC")
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#plot_series(carrier="heat")
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