Give all loads a carrier; rename heat buses; fix district h losses
Heat buses renamed to: rural (for low-density areas where district heating not possible) urban decentral (for high-density areas without district heating and individual heating technologies) (used to be called "urban") urban central (for high-density areas with district heating) (used to be called "central") District heating losses applied only to urban central.
This commit is contained in:
Tom Brown
parent
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16
config.yaml
16
config.yaml
@ -2,15 +2,15 @@ logging_level: INFO
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results_dir: 'results/'
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summary_dir: results
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run: '190516-decentral-noH2network'
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run: '190712-test_district'
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scenario:
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sectors: [E] # ,E+EV,E+BEV,E+BEV+V2G] # [ E+EV, E+BEV, E+BEV+V2G ]
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simpl: ['']
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lv: [1.0]#, 1.125, 1.25, 1.5, 2.0]# or opt
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lv: [1.0,1.25,2.0]#, 1.125, 1.25, 1.5, 2.0]# or opt
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clusters: [128] #[90, 128, 181] #[45, 64, 90, 128, 181, 256] #, 362] # (2**np.r_[5.5:9:.5]).astype(int) minimum is 37
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opts: [''] #for pypsa-eur
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sector_opts: [Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-decentral-noH2network-solar100,Co2L0p1-3H-T-H-B-I-decentral-noH2network-solar100,Co2L0p2-3H-T-H-B-I-decentral-noH2network-solar100,Co2L0p3-3H-T-H-B-I-decentral-noH2network-solar100,Co2L0p4-3H-T-H-B-I-decentral-noH2network-solar100]#,Co2L0p1-3H-T-H-B-I,Co2L0p25-3H-T-H-B-I,Co2L0p5-3H-T-H-B-I]#[Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-onwind0-solar3,Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-onwind0p125-solar3,Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-onwind0p25-solar3,Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-onwind0p50-solar3,Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-solar3]#,Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-onwind0p25-solar3]#,Co2L0p05-3H-T-H-B-I,Co2L0p10-3H-T-H-B-I,Co2L0p20-3H-T-H-B-I,Co2L0p30-3H-T-H-B-I,Co2L0p50-3H-T-H-B-I]#[Co2L-3H-T-H,Co2L0p10-3H-T-H,Co2L0-3H-T-H,Co2L0p20-3H-T-H] #Co2L-3H-T-H,Co2L0p10-3H-T-H,Co2L0p20-3H-T-HCo2L-3H-T-H,Co2L0p10-3H-T-H,Co2L0p30-3H-T-H,Co2L0p50-3H-T-H] #Co2L-3H,Co2L-3H-T,, LC-FL, LC-T, Ep-T, Co2L-T]
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sector_opts: [Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I,Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-nodistrict]#,Co2L0p1-3H-T-H-B-I,Co2L0p25-3H-T-H-B-I,Co2L0p5-3H-T-H-B-I]#[Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-onwind0-solar3,Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-onwind0p125-solar3,Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-onwind0p25-solar3,Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-onwind0p50-solar3,Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-solar3]#,Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-onwind0p25-solar3]#,Co2L0p05-3H-T-H-B-I,Co2L0p10-3H-T-H-B-I,Co2L0p20-3H-T-H-B-I,Co2L0p30-3H-T-H-B-I,Co2L0p50-3H-T-H-B-I]#[Co2L-3H-T-H,Co2L0p10-3H-T-H,Co2L0-3H-T-H,Co2L0p20-3H-T-H] #Co2L-3H-T-H,Co2L0p10-3H-T-H,Co2L0p20-3H-T-HCo2L-3H-T-H,Co2L0p10-3H-T-H,Co2L0p30-3H-T-H,Co2L0p50-3H-T-H] #Co2L-3H,Co2L-3H-T,, LC-FL, LC-T, Ep-T, Co2L-T]
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# Co2L will give default (5%); Co2L0p25 will give 25% CO2 emissions; Co2Lm0p05 will give 5% negative emissions
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@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ sector:
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'ICE_upper_degree_factor' : 1.6
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'EV_lower_degree_factor' : 0.98
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'EV_upper_degree_factor' : 0.63
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'district_heating_loss' : 0.1
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'district_heating_loss' : 0.15
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'bev' : True #turns on EV battery
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'bev_availability' : 0.5 #How many cars do smart charging
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'v2g' : True #allows feed-in to grid from EV battery
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@ -242,6 +242,10 @@ plotting:
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"Heat load" : "r"
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"Transport load" : "grey"
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"heat" : "darkred"
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"rural heat" : "#880000"
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"central heat" : "#b22222"
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"decentral heat" : "#800000"
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"process heat" : "#FF3333"
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"heat demand" : "darkred"
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"electric demand" : "k"
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"Li ion" : "grey"
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@ -252,10 +256,14 @@ plotting:
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"V2G" : "grey"
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"transport" : "grey"
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"electricity" : "k"
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"industry new electricity" : "#222222"
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"process emissions to stored" : "#444444"
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"process emissions to atmosphere" : "#888888"
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"transport fuel cell" : "#AAAAAA"
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"biogas" : "#800000"
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"solid biomass" : "#DAA520"
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"today" : "#D2691E"
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"shipping" : "#6495ED"
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nice_names:
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# OCGT: "Gas"
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# OCGT marginal: "Gas (marginal)"
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@ -41,17 +41,9 @@ override_component_attrs["Link"].loc["p3"] = ["series","MW",0.,"3rd bus output",
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def assign_carriers(n):
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if "carrier" not in n.loads:
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n.loads["carrier"] = "electricity"
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for carrier in ["transport","heat","urban heat"]:
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n.loads.loc[n.loads.index.str.contains(carrier),"carrier"] = carrier
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if "carrier" not in n.lines:
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n.lines["carrier"] = "AC"
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if n.stores.loc["EU gas Store","carrier"] == "":
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n.stores.loc["EU gas Store","carrier"] = "gas Store"
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def assign_locations(n):
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for c in n.iterate_components(n.one_port_components|n.branch_components):
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@ -13,53 +13,46 @@ import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
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#consolidate and rename
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def rename_techs(label):
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if label[:8] == "central ":
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label = label[8:]
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if label[:6] == "urban ":
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label = label[6:]
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if "retrofitting" in label:
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label = "building retrofitting"
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if "H2" in label:
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label = "hydrogen storage"
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if "CHP" in label:
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label = "CHP"
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if "water tank" in label:
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label = "water tanks"
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if label=="water tanks":
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label = "hot water storage"
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if "gas" in label and label not in ["gas boiler","biogas"]:
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label = "natural gas"
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if "solar thermal" in label:
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label = "solar thermal"
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if label == "solar":
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label = "solar PV"
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if label == "heat pump":
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label = "air heat pump"
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if label == "Sabatier":
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label = "methanation"
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if label == "offwind":
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label = "offshore wind"
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if label == "offwind-ac":
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label = "offshore wind (AC)"
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if label == "offwind-dc":
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label = "offshore wind (DC)"
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if label == "onwind":
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label = "onshore wind"
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if label == "ror":
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label = "hydroelectricity"
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if label == "hydro":
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label = "hydroelectricity"
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if label == "PHS":
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label = "hydroelectricity"
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if label == "co2 Store":
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label = "DAC"
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if label == "co2 stored":
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label = "CO2 sequestration"
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if "battery" in label:
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label = "battery storage"
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if label in ["AC","DC","B2B"]:
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label = "transmission lines"
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prefix_to_remove = ["central ","urban "]
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rename_if_contains = ["CHP","gas boiler","biogas","solar thermal","air heat pump","ground heat pump","resistive heater"]
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rename_if_contains_dict = {"water tanks" : "hot water storage",
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"retrofitting" : "building retrofitting",
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"H2" : "hydrogen storage",
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"battery" : "battery storage"}
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rename = {"solar" : "solar PV",
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"Sabatier" : "methanation",
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"offwind" : "offshore wind",
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"offwind-ac" : "offshore wind (AC)",
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"offwind-dc" : "offshore wind (DC)",
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"onwind" : "onshore wind",
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"ror" : "hydroelectricity",
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"hydro" : "hydroelectricity",
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"PHS" : "hydroelectricity",
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"co2 Store" : "DAC",
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"co2 stored" : "CO2 sequestration",
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"AC" : "transmission lines",
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"DC" : "transmission lines",
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"B2B" : "transmission lines"}
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for ptr in prefix_to_remove:
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if label[:len(ptr)] == ptr:
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label = label[len(ptr):]
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for rif in rename_if_contains:
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if rif in label:
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label = rif
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for old,new in rename_if_contains_dict.items():
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if old in label:
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label = new
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for old,new in rename.items():
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if old == label:
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label = new
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return label
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@ -632,6 +632,7 @@ def add_transport(network):
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nodes,
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suffix=" transport",
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bus=nodes + " EV battery",
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carrier="transport",
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p_set=(1-options['transport_fuel_cell_share'])*(transport[nodes]+shift_df(transport[nodes],1)+shift_df(transport[nodes],2))/3.)
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p_nom = nodal_transport_data["number cars"]*0.011*(1-options['transport_fuel_cell_share']) #3-phase charger with 11 kW * x% of time grid-connected
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@ -684,6 +685,7 @@ def add_transport(network):
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nodes,
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suffix=" transport fuel cell",
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bus=nodes + " H2",
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carrier="transport fuel cell",
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p_set=options['transport_fuel_cell_share']/0.58*transport[nodes])
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@ -692,78 +694,102 @@ def add_transport(network):
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def add_heat(network):
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print("adding heat")
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nodes = pop_layout.index
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network.add("Carrier","heat")
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network.add("Carrier","water tanks")
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#rural are areas with low heating density
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#urban are areas with high heating density
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#urban can be split into district heating (central) and individual heating (decentral)
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rural = pop_layout.index
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urban = pop_layout.index
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network.add("Carrier","rural heat")
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network.add("Carrier","urban central heat")
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network.add("Carrier","urban decentral heat")
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network.add("Carrier","rural water tanks")
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network.add("Carrier","urban central water tanks")
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network.add("Carrier","urban decentral water tanks")
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#urban are high density locations
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if options["central"]:
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urban_ct = pd.Index(["ES","GR","PT","IT","BG"])
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urban = pop_layout.index[pop_layout.ct.isin(urban_ct)]
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urban_decentral_ct = pd.Index(["ES","GR","PT","IT","BG"])
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urban_decentral = pop_layout.index[pop_layout.ct.isin(urban_decentral_ct)]
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else:
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urban = nodes
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urban_decentral = urban
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#NB: must add costs of central heating afterwards (EUR 400 / kWpeak, 50a, 1% FOM from Fraunhofer ISE)
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#central are urban nodes with district heating
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central = nodes ^ urban
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urban_central = urban ^ urban_decentral
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urban_fraction = options['central_fraction']*pop_layout["urban"]/(pop_layout[["urban","rural"]].sum(axis=1))
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network.madd("Bus",
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nodes + " heat",
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carrier="heat")
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rural + " rural heat",
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carrier="rural heat")
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network.madd("Bus",
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nodes + " urban heat",
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carrier="heat")
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urban_central + " urban central heat",
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carrier="urban central heat")
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network.madd("Bus",
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urban_decentral + " urban decentral heat",
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carrier="urban decentral heat")
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network.madd("Load",
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nodes,
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suffix=" heat",
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bus=nodes + " heat",
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p_set= heat_demand[nodes].multiply((1-urban_fraction)))
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rural,
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suffix=" rural heat",
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bus=rural + " rural heat",
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carrier="rural heat",
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p_set= heat_demand[rural].multiply((1-urban_fraction[rural])))
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network.madd("Load",
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nodes,
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suffix=" urban heat",
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bus=nodes + " urban heat",
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p_set= heat_demand[nodes].multiply(urban_fraction).divide((1-options['district_heating_loss'])))
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urban_central,
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suffix=" urban central heat",
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bus=urban_central + " urban central heat",
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carrier="urban central heat",
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p_set= heat_demand[urban_central].multiply(urban_fraction[urban_central]*(1+options['district_heating_loss'])))
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network.madd("Load",
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urban_decentral,
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suffix=" urban decentral heat",
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bus=urban_decentral + " urban decentral heat",
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carrier="urban decentral heat",
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p_set= heat_demand[urban_decentral].multiply(urban_fraction[urban_decentral]))
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network.madd("Link",
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urban,
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suffix=" urban heat pump",
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bus0=urban,
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bus1=urban + " urban heat",
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carrier="urban heat pump",
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efficiency=ashp_cop[urban] if options["time_dep_hp_cop"] else costs.at['decentral air-sourced heat pump','efficiency'],
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urban_decentral,
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suffix=" urban decentral air heat pump",
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bus0=urban_decentral,
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bus1=urban_decentral + " urban decentral heat",
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carrier="urban decentral air heat pump",
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efficiency=ashp_cop[urban_decentral] if options["time_dep_hp_cop"] else costs.at['decentral air-sourced heat pump','efficiency'],
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capital_cost=costs.at['decentral air-sourced heat pump','efficiency']*costs.at['decentral air-sourced heat pump','fixed'],
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p_nom_extendable=True)
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network.madd("Link",
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central,
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suffix=" central heat pump",
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bus0=central,
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bus1=central + " urban heat",
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carrier="central heat pump",
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efficiency=ashp_cop[central] if options["time_dep_hp_cop"] else costs.at['central air-sourced heat pump','efficiency'],
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urban_central,
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suffix=" urban central air heat pump",
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bus0=urban_central,
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bus1=urban_central + " urban central heat",
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carrier="urban central air heat pump",
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efficiency=ashp_cop[urban_central] if options["time_dep_hp_cop"] else costs.at['central air-sourced heat pump','efficiency'],
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capital_cost=costs.at['central air-sourced heat pump','efficiency']*costs.at['central air-sourced heat pump','fixed'],
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p_nom_extendable=True)
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network.madd("Link",
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nodes,
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suffix=" ground heat pump",
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bus0=nodes,
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bus1=nodes + " heat",
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carrier="ground heat pump",
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efficiency=gshp_cop[nodes] if options["time_dep_hp_cop"] else costs.at['decentral ground-sourced heat pump','efficiency'],
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rural,
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suffix=" rural ground heat pump",
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bus0=rural,
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bus1=rural + " rural heat",
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carrier="rural ground heat pump",
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efficiency=gshp_cop[rural] if options["time_dep_hp_cop"] else costs.at['decentral ground-sourced heat pump','efficiency'],
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capital_cost=costs.at['decentral ground-sourced heat pump','efficiency']*costs.at['decentral ground-sourced heat pump','fixed'],
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p_nom_extendable=True)
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#NB: this currently doesn't work for pypsa-eur model
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if options['retrofitting']:
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retro_nodes = pd.Index(["DE"])
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@ -827,94 +853,94 @@ def add_heat(network):
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if options["tes"]:
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network.madd("Bus",
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nodes + " water tanks",
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carrier="water tanks")
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rural + " rural water tanks",
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carrier="rural water tanks")
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network.madd("Link",
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nodes + " water tanks charger",
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bus0=nodes + " heat",
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bus1=nodes + " water tanks",
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rural + " rural water tanks charger",
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bus0=rural + " rural heat",
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bus1=rural + " rural water tanks",
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efficiency=costs.at['water tank charger','efficiency'],
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carrier="water tanks charger",
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carrier="rural water tanks charger",
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p_nom_extendable=True)
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network.madd("Link",
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nodes + " water tanks discharger",
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bus0=nodes + " water tanks",
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bus1=nodes + " heat",
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carrier="water tanks discharger",
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rural + " rural water tanks discharger",
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bus0=rural + " rural water tanks",
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bus1=rural + " rural heat",
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carrier="rural water tanks discharger",
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efficiency=costs.at['water tank discharger','efficiency'],
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p_nom_extendable=True)
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network.madd("Store",
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nodes + " water tank",
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bus=nodes + " water tanks",
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rural + " rural water tanks",
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bus=rural + " rural water tanks",
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e_cyclic=True,
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e_nom_extendable=True,
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carrier="water tank",
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carrier="rural water tanks",
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standing_loss=1-np.exp(-1/(24.*options["tes_tau"])), # [HP] 180 day time constant for centralised, 3 day for decentralised
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capital_cost=costs.at['decentral water tank storage','fixed']/(1.17e-3*40)) #conversion from EUR/m^3 to EUR/MWh for 40 K diff and 1.17 kWh/m^3/K
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network.madd("Bus",
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urban + " urban water tanks",
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carrier="water tanks")
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urban_decentral + " urban decentral water tanks",
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carrier="urban decentral water tanks")
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network.madd("Link",
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urban + " urban water tanks charger",
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bus0=urban + " urban heat",
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bus1=urban + " urban water tanks",
|
||||
carrier="urban water tanks charger",
|
||||
urban_decentral + " urban decentral water tanks charger",
|
||||
bus0=urban_decentral + " urban decentral heat",
|
||||
bus1=urban_decentral + " urban decentral water tanks",
|
||||
carrier="urban decentral water tanks charger",
|
||||
efficiency=costs.at['water tank charger','efficiency'],
|
||||
p_nom_extendable=True)
|
||||
|
||||
network.madd("Link",
|
||||
urban + " urban water tanks discharger",
|
||||
bus0=urban + " urban water tanks",
|
||||
bus1=urban + " urban heat",
|
||||
carrier="urban water tanks discharger",
|
||||
urban_decentral + " urban decentral water tanks discharger",
|
||||
bus0=urban_decentral + " urban decentral water tanks",
|
||||
bus1=urban_decentral + " urban decentral heat",
|
||||
carrier="urban decentral water tanks discharger",
|
||||
efficiency=costs.at['water tank discharger','efficiency'],
|
||||
p_nom_extendable=True)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
network.madd("Store",
|
||||
urban + " urban water tank",
|
||||
bus=urban + " urban water tanks",
|
||||
urban_decentral + " urban decentral water tanks",
|
||||
bus=urban_decentral + " urban decentral water tanks",
|
||||
e_cyclic=True,
|
||||
e_nom_extendable=True,
|
||||
carrier="urban water tank",
|
||||
carrier="urban decentral water tanks",
|
||||
standing_loss=1-np.exp(-1/(24.*options["tes_tau"])), # [HP] 180 day time constant for centralised, 3 day for decentralised
|
||||
capital_cost=costs.at['decentral water tank storage','fixed']/(1.17e-3*40)) #conversion from EUR/m^3 to EUR/MWh for 40 K diff and 1.17 kWh/m^3/K
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
network.madd("Bus",
|
||||
central + " central water tanks",
|
||||
carrier="water tanks")
|
||||
urban_central + " urban central water tanks",
|
||||
carrier="urban central water tanks")
|
||||
|
||||
network.madd("Link",
|
||||
central + " central water tanks charger",
|
||||
bus0=central + " urban heat",
|
||||
bus1=central + " central water tanks",
|
||||
urban_central + " urban central water tanks charger",
|
||||
bus0=urban_central + " urban central heat",
|
||||
bus1=urban_central + " urban central water tanks",
|
||||
p_nom_extendable=True,
|
||||
carrier="central water tanks charger",
|
||||
carrier="urban central water tanks charger",
|
||||
efficiency=costs.at['water tank charger','efficiency'])
|
||||
|
||||
network.madd("Link",
|
||||
central + " central water tanks discharger",
|
||||
bus0=central + " central water tanks",
|
||||
bus1=central + " urban heat",
|
||||
carrier="central water tanks discharger",
|
||||
urban_central + " urban central water tanks discharger",
|
||||
bus0=urban_central + " urban central water tanks",
|
||||
bus1=urban_central + " urban central heat",
|
||||
carrier="urban central water tanks discharger",
|
||||
p_nom_extendable=True,
|
||||
efficiency=costs.at['water tank discharger','efficiency'])
|
||||
|
||||
network.madd("Store",
|
||||
central,
|
||||
suffix=" central water tank",
|
||||
bus=central + " central water tanks",
|
||||
urban_central,
|
||||
suffix=" urban central water tanks",
|
||||
bus=urban_central + " urban central water tanks",
|
||||
e_cyclic=True,
|
||||
carrier="central water tank",
|
||||
carrier="urban central water tanks",
|
||||
e_nom_extendable=True,
|
||||
standing_loss=1-np.exp(-1/(24.*180.)), # [HP] 180 day time constant for centralised, 3 day for decentralised
|
||||
capital_cost=costs.at['central water tank storage','fixed']/(1.17e-3*40)) #convert EUR/m^3 to EUR/MWh for 40 K diff and 1.17 kWh/m^3/K
|
||||
@ -924,61 +950,61 @@ def add_heat(network):
|
||||
if options["boilers"]:
|
||||
|
||||
network.madd("Link",
|
||||
nodes + " resistive heater",
|
||||
bus0=nodes,
|
||||
bus1=nodes + " heat",
|
||||
carrier="resistive heater",
|
||||
rural + " rural resistive heater",
|
||||
bus0=rural,
|
||||
bus1=rural + " rural heat",
|
||||
carrier="rural resistive heater",
|
||||
efficiency=costs.at['decentral resistive heater','efficiency'],
|
||||
capital_cost=costs.at['decentral resistive heater','efficiency']*costs.at['decentral resistive heater','fixed'],
|
||||
p_nom_extendable=True)
|
||||
|
||||
network.madd("Link",
|
||||
urban + " urban resistive heater",
|
||||
bus0=urban,
|
||||
bus1=urban + " urban heat",
|
||||
carrier="urban resistive heater",
|
||||
urban_decentral + " urban decentral resistive heater",
|
||||
bus0=urban_decentral,
|
||||
bus1=urban_decentral + " urban decentral heat",
|
||||
carrier="urban decentral resistive heater",
|
||||
efficiency=costs.at['decentral resistive heater','efficiency'],
|
||||
capital_cost=costs.at['decentral resistive heater','efficiency']*costs.at['decentral resistive heater','fixed'],
|
||||
p_nom_extendable=True)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
network.madd("Link",
|
||||
central + " central resistive heater",
|
||||
bus0=central,
|
||||
bus1=central + " urban heat",
|
||||
urban_central + " urban central resistive heater",
|
||||
bus0=urban_central,
|
||||
bus1=urban_central + " urban central heat",
|
||||
p_nom_extendable=True,
|
||||
carrier="central resistive heater",
|
||||
carrier="urban central resistive heater",
|
||||
capital_cost=costs.at['central resistive heater','efficiency']*costs.at['central resistive heater','fixed'],
|
||||
efficiency=costs.at['central resistive heater','efficiency'])
|
||||
|
||||
network.madd("Link",
|
||||
nodes + " gas boiler",
|
||||
rural + " gas boiler",
|
||||
p_nom_extendable=True,
|
||||
bus0=["EU gas"]*len(nodes),
|
||||
bus1=nodes + " heat",
|
||||
bus0=["EU gas"]*len(rural),
|
||||
bus1=rural + " rural heat",
|
||||
bus2="co2 atmosphere",
|
||||
carrier="gas boiler",
|
||||
carrier="rural gas boiler",
|
||||
efficiency=costs.at['decentral gas boiler','efficiency'],
|
||||
efficiency2=costs.at['gas','CO2 intensity'],
|
||||
capital_cost=costs.at['decentral gas boiler','efficiency']*costs.at['decentral gas boiler','fixed'])
|
||||
|
||||
network.madd("Link",
|
||||
urban + " urban gas boiler",
|
||||
urban_decentral + " urban decentral gas boiler",
|
||||
p_nom_extendable=True,
|
||||
bus0=["EU gas"]*len(urban),
|
||||
bus1=urban + " urban heat",
|
||||
bus0=["EU gas"]*len(urban_decentral),
|
||||
bus1=urban_decentral + " urban decentral heat",
|
||||
bus2="co2 atmosphere",
|
||||
carrier="urban gas boiler",
|
||||
carrier="urban decentral gas boiler",
|
||||
efficiency=costs.at['decentral gas boiler','efficiency'],
|
||||
efficiency2=costs.at['gas','CO2 intensity'],
|
||||
capital_cost=costs.at['decentral gas boiler','efficiency']*costs.at['decentral gas boiler','fixed'])
|
||||
|
||||
network.madd("Link",
|
||||
central + " central gas boiler",
|
||||
bus0=["EU gas"]*len(central),
|
||||
bus1=central + " urban heat",
|
||||
urban_central + " urban central gas boiler",
|
||||
bus0=["EU gas"]*len(urban_central),
|
||||
bus1=urban_central + " urban central heat",
|
||||
bus2="co2 atmosphere",
|
||||
carrier="central gas boiler",
|
||||
carrier="urban central gas boiler",
|
||||
p_nom_extendable=True,
|
||||
capital_cost=costs.at['central gas boiler','efficiency']*costs.at['central gas boiler','fixed'],
|
||||
efficiency2=costs.at['gas','CO2 intensity'],
|
||||
@ -988,13 +1014,13 @@ def add_heat(network):
|
||||
|
||||
#additional bus, to which we can also connect biomass
|
||||
network.madd("Bus",
|
||||
central + " central CHP",
|
||||
carrier="chp")
|
||||
urban_central + " urban central CHP",
|
||||
carrier="urban central CHP")
|
||||
|
||||
network.madd("Link",
|
||||
central + " gas to central CHP",
|
||||
urban_central + " gas to urban central CHP",
|
||||
bus0="EU gas",
|
||||
bus1=central + " central CHP",
|
||||
bus1=urban_central + " urban central CHP",
|
||||
bus2="co2 atmosphere",
|
||||
bus3="co2 stored",
|
||||
efficiency2=costs.at['gas','CO2 intensity']*(1-options["ccs_fraction"]),
|
||||
@ -1003,19 +1029,19 @@ def add_heat(network):
|
||||
p_nom_extendable=True)
|
||||
|
||||
network.madd("Link",
|
||||
central + " central CHP electric",
|
||||
bus0=central + " central CHP",
|
||||
bus1=central,
|
||||
carrier="central CHP electric",
|
||||
urban_central + " urban central CHP electric",
|
||||
bus0=urban_central + " urban central CHP",
|
||||
bus1=urban_central,
|
||||
carrier="urban central CHP electric",
|
||||
p_nom_extendable=True,
|
||||
capital_cost=costs.at['central CHP','fixed']*options['chp_parameters']['eta_elec'],
|
||||
efficiency=options['chp_parameters']['eta_elec'])
|
||||
|
||||
network.madd("Link",
|
||||
central + " central CHP heat",
|
||||
bus0=central + " central CHP",
|
||||
bus1=central + " urban heat",
|
||||
carrier="central CHP heat",
|
||||
urban_central + " urban central CHP heat",
|
||||
bus0=urban_central + " urban central CHP",
|
||||
bus1=urban_central + " urban central heat",
|
||||
carrier="urban central CHP heat",
|
||||
p_nom_extendable=True,
|
||||
efficiency=options['chp_parameters']['eta_elec']/options['chp_parameters']['c_v'])
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1025,32 +1051,32 @@ def add_heat(network):
|
||||
network.add("Carrier","solar thermal")
|
||||
|
||||
network.madd("Generator",
|
||||
nodes,
|
||||
suffix=" solar thermal collector",
|
||||
bus=nodes + " heat",
|
||||
carrier="solar thermal",
|
||||
rural,
|
||||
suffix=" rural solar thermal collector",
|
||||
bus=rural + " rural heat",
|
||||
carrier="rural solar thermal",
|
||||
p_nom_extendable=True,
|
||||
capital_cost=costs.at['decentral solar thermal','fixed'],
|
||||
p_max_pu=solar_thermal[nodes])
|
||||
p_max_pu=solar_thermal[rural])
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
network.madd("Generator",
|
||||
urban,
|
||||
suffix=" urban solar thermal collector",
|
||||
bus=urban + " urban heat",
|
||||
carrier="solar thermal",
|
||||
urban_decentral,
|
||||
suffix=" urban decentral solar thermal collector",
|
||||
bus=urban_decentral + " urban decentral heat",
|
||||
carrier="urban decentral solar thermal",
|
||||
p_nom_extendable=True,
|
||||
capital_cost=costs.at['decentral solar thermal','fixed'],
|
||||
p_max_pu=solar_thermal[urban])
|
||||
p_max_pu=solar_thermal[urban_decentral])
|
||||
|
||||
network.madd("Generator",
|
||||
central,
|
||||
suffix=" central solar thermal collector",
|
||||
bus=central + " urban heat",
|
||||
carrier="solar thermal",
|
||||
urban_central,
|
||||
suffix=" urban central solar thermal collector",
|
||||
bus=urban_central + " urban central heat",
|
||||
carrier="urban central solar thermal",
|
||||
p_nom_extendable=True,
|
||||
capital_cost=costs.at['central solar thermal','fixed'],
|
||||
p_max_pu=solar_thermal[central])
|
||||
p_max_pu=solar_thermal[urban_central])
|
||||
|
||||
def add_biomass(network):
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1061,20 +1087,6 @@ def add_biomass(network):
|
||||
#biomass distributed at country level - i.e. transport within country allowed
|
||||
cts = pop_layout.ct.value_counts().index
|
||||
|
||||
#urban are high density locations
|
||||
if options["central"]:
|
||||
urban_cts = pd.Index(["ES","GR","PT","IT","BG"])
|
||||
urban = pop_layout.index[pop_layout.ct.isin(urban_cts)]
|
||||
else:
|
||||
urban_cts = cts
|
||||
urban = nodes
|
||||
|
||||
#central are urban nodes with district heating
|
||||
central = nodes ^ urban
|
||||
|
||||
#central_cts are urban countries with district heating
|
||||
central_cts = cts ^ urban_cts
|
||||
|
||||
biomass_potentials = pd.read_csv(snakemake.input.biomass_potentials,
|
||||
index_col=0)
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1112,21 +1124,27 @@ def add_biomass(network):
|
||||
bus0=cts + " biogas",
|
||||
bus1="EU gas",
|
||||
bus2="co2 atmosphere",
|
||||
carrier="biogas",
|
||||
carrier="biogas to gas",
|
||||
efficiency2=-costs.at['gas','CO2 intensity'],
|
||||
p_nom_extendable=True)
|
||||
|
||||
#with BECCS
|
||||
network.madd("Link",
|
||||
central + " solid biomass to CHP",
|
||||
bus0=central.str[:2] + " solid biomass",
|
||||
bus1=central + " central CHP",
|
||||
bus2="co2 atmosphere",
|
||||
bus3="co2 stored",
|
||||
efficiency2=-costs.at['solid biomass','CO2 intensity']*options["ccs_fraction"],
|
||||
efficiency3=costs.at['solid biomass','CO2 intensity']*options["ccs_fraction"],
|
||||
carrier="solid biomass",
|
||||
p_nom_extendable=True)
|
||||
|
||||
#AC buses with district heating
|
||||
urban_central = n.buses.index[n.buses.carrier == "urban central heat"]
|
||||
if not urban_central.empty:
|
||||
urban_central = urban_central.str[:-len(" urban central heat")]
|
||||
|
||||
#with BECCS
|
||||
network.madd("Link",
|
||||
urban_central + " solid biomass to urban central CHP",
|
||||
bus0=urban_central.str[:2] + " solid biomass",
|
||||
bus1=urban_central + " urban central CHP",
|
||||
bus2="co2 atmosphere",
|
||||
bus3="co2 stored",
|
||||
efficiency2=-costs.at['solid biomass','CO2 intensity']*options["ccs_fraction"],
|
||||
efficiency3=costs.at['solid biomass','CO2 intensity']*options["ccs_fraction"],
|
||||
carrier="solid biomass to urban central CHP",
|
||||
p_nom_extendable=True)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def add_industry(network):
|
||||
@ -1146,6 +1164,7 @@ def add_industry(network):
|
||||
nodes,
|
||||
suffix=" process heat",
|
||||
bus=nodes + " process heat",
|
||||
carrier="process heat",
|
||||
p_set = industrial_demand.loc[nodes,"industry process heat"]/8760.)
|
||||
|
||||
#with BECCS
|
||||
@ -1182,6 +1201,7 @@ def add_industry(network):
|
||||
nodes,
|
||||
suffix=" shipping",
|
||||
bus=nodes + " H2",
|
||||
carrier="shipping",
|
||||
p_set = industrial_demand.loc[nodes,"shipping H2"]/8760.)
|
||||
|
||||
network.add("Bus",
|
||||
@ -1231,41 +1251,47 @@ def add_industry(network):
|
||||
efficiency2=costs.at["oil",'CO2 intensity'],
|
||||
p_nom_extendable=True)
|
||||
|
||||
network.add("Load",
|
||||
"Fischer-Tropsch",
|
||||
bus="Fischer-Tropsch-demand",
|
||||
p_set = industrial_demand.loc[nodes,["aviation kerosene","naphtha feedstock"]].sum().sum()/8760.)
|
||||
network.madd("Load",
|
||||
["Fischer-Tropsch"],
|
||||
bus="Fischer-Tropsch-demand",
|
||||
carrier="Fischer-Tropsch",
|
||||
p_set = industrial_demand.loc[nodes,["aviation kerosene","naphtha feedstock"]].sum().sum()/8760.)
|
||||
|
||||
network.madd("Load",
|
||||
nodes,
|
||||
suffix=" industry new electricity",
|
||||
bus=nodes,
|
||||
carrier="industry new electricity",
|
||||
p_set = industrial_demand.loc[nodes,"industry new electricity"]/8760.)
|
||||
|
||||
network.add("Load",
|
||||
"process emissions to atmosphere",
|
||||
bus="co2 atmosphere",
|
||||
p_set = -industrial_demand.loc[nodes,"process emissions"].sum()*(1-options["ccs_fraction"])/8760.)
|
||||
network.madd("Load",
|
||||
["process emissions to atmosphere"],
|
||||
bus="co2 atmosphere",
|
||||
carrier="process emissions to atmosphere",
|
||||
p_set = -industrial_demand.loc[nodes,"process emissions"].sum()*(1-options["ccs_fraction"])/8760.)
|
||||
|
||||
network.add("Load",
|
||||
"process emissions to stored",
|
||||
bus="co2 stored",
|
||||
p_set = -industrial_demand.loc[nodes,"process emissions"].sum()*options["ccs_fraction"]/8760.)
|
||||
network.madd("Load",
|
||||
["process emissions to stored"],
|
||||
bus="co2 stored",
|
||||
carrier="process emissions to stored",
|
||||
p_set = -industrial_demand.loc[nodes,"process emissions"].sum()*options["ccs_fraction"]/8760.)
|
||||
|
||||
def add_waste_heat(network):
|
||||
|
||||
print("adding possibility to use industrial waste heat in district heating")
|
||||
|
||||
#AC buses with district heating
|
||||
central_buses = n.buses.index[n.buses.index.str.contains("central CHP")].str[:-12]
|
||||
urban_central = n.buses.index[n.buses.carrier == "urban central heat"]
|
||||
if not urban_central.empty:
|
||||
urban_central = urban_central.str[:-len(" urban central heat")]
|
||||
|
||||
if options['use_fischer_tropsch_waste_heat']:
|
||||
n.links.loc[central_buses + " Fischer-Tropsch","bus3"] = central_buses + " urban heat"
|
||||
n.links.loc[central_buses + " Fischer-Tropsch","efficiency3"] = 0.95 - n.links.loc[central_buses + " Fischer-Tropsch","efficiency"]
|
||||
if options['use_fischer_tropsch_waste_heat']:
|
||||
n.links.loc[urban_central + " Fischer-Tropsch","bus3"] = urban_central + " urban central heat"
|
||||
n.links.loc[urban_central + " Fischer-Tropsch","efficiency3"] = 0.95 - n.links.loc[urban_central + " Fischer-Tropsch","efficiency"]
|
||||
|
||||
if options['use_fuel_cell_waste_heat']:
|
||||
n.links.loc[central_buses + " H2 Fuel Cell","bus2"] = central_buses + " urban heat"
|
||||
n.links.loc[central_buses + " H2 Fuel Cell","efficiency2"] = 0.95 - n.links.loc[central_buses + " H2 Fuel Cell","efficiency"]
|
||||
if options['use_fuel_cell_waste_heat']:
|
||||
n.links.loc[urban_central + " H2 Fuel Cell","bus2"] = urban_central + " urban central heat"
|
||||
n.links.loc[urban_central + " H2 Fuel Cell","efficiency2"] = 0.95 - n.links.loc[urban_central + " H2 Fuel Cell","efficiency"]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def restrict_technology_potential(n,tech,limit):
|
||||
@ -1338,6 +1364,8 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
|
||||
|
||||
remove_elec_base_techs(n)
|
||||
|
||||
n.loads["carrier"] = "electricity"
|
||||
|
||||
add_co2_tracking(n)
|
||||
|
||||
add_generation(n)
|
||||
@ -1347,6 +1375,9 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
|
||||
|
||||
nodal_energy_totals, heat_demand, space_heat_demand, water_heat_demand, ashp_cop, gshp_cop, solar_thermal, transport, avail_profile, dsm_profile, co2_totals, nodal_transport_data = prepare_data(n)
|
||||
|
||||
if "nodistrict" in opts:
|
||||
options["central"] = False
|
||||
|
||||
if "T" in opts:
|
||||
add_transport(n)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -138,26 +138,29 @@ def add_chp_constraints(network):
|
||||
|
||||
if hasattr(network.links.index,"str") and network.links.index.str.contains("CHP").any():
|
||||
|
||||
#also catches central heat buses for district heating
|
||||
nodes = list(network.links.index[network.links.index.str.contains("CHP electric")].str[:-len(" CHP electric")])
|
||||
#AC buses with district heating
|
||||
urban_central = n.buses.index[n.buses.carrier == "urban central heat"]
|
||||
if not urban_central.empty:
|
||||
urban_central = urban_central.str[:-len(" urban central heat")]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def chp_nom(model,node):
|
||||
return network.links.at[node + " CHP electric","efficiency"]*options['chp_parameters']['p_nom_ratio']*model.link_p_nom[node + " CHP electric"] == network.links.at[node + " CHP heat","efficiency"]*options['chp_parameters']['p_nom_ratio']*model.link_p_nom[node + " CHP heat"]
|
||||
return network.links.at[node + " urban central CHP electric","efficiency"]*options['chp_parameters']['p_nom_ratio']*model.link_p_nom[node + " urban central CHP electric"] == network.links.at[node + " urban central CHP heat","efficiency"]*options['chp_parameters']['p_nom_ratio']*model.link_p_nom[node + " urban central CHP heat"]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
network.model.chp_nom = pypsa.opt.Constraint(nodes,rule=chp_nom)
|
||||
network.model.chp_nom = pypsa.opt.Constraint(urban_central,rule=chp_nom)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def backpressure(model,node,snapshot):
|
||||
return options['chp_parameters']['c_m']*network.links.at[node + " CHP heat","efficiency"]*model.link_p[node + " CHP heat",snapshot] <= network.links.at[node + " CHP electric","efficiency"]*model.link_p[node + " CHP electric",snapshot]
|
||||
return options['chp_parameters']['c_m']*network.links.at[node + " urban central CHP heat","efficiency"]*model.link_p[node + " urban central CHP heat",snapshot] <= network.links.at[node + " urban central CHP electric","efficiency"]*model.link_p[node + " urban central CHP electric",snapshot]
|
||||
|
||||
network.model.backpressure = pypsa.opt.Constraint(nodes,list(network.snapshots),rule=backpressure)
|
||||
network.model.backpressure = pypsa.opt.Constraint(urban_central,list(network.snapshots),rule=backpressure)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def top_iso_fuel_line(model,node,snapshot):
|
||||
return model.link_p[node + " CHP heat",snapshot] + model.link_p[node + " CHP electric",snapshot] <= model.link_p_nom[node + " CHP electric"]
|
||||
return model.link_p[node + " urban central CHP heat",snapshot] + model.link_p[node + " urban central CHP electric",snapshot] <= model.link_p_nom[node + " urban central CHP electric"]
|
||||
|
||||
network.model.top_iso_fuel_line = pypsa.opt.Constraint(nodes,list(network.snapshots),rule=top_iso_fuel_line)
|
||||
network.model.top_iso_fuel_line = pypsa.opt.Constraint(urban_central,list(network.snapshots),rule=top_iso_fuel_line)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user