options: biosng_cc, biomass_to_liquid_cc, 98% capture rate Allam gas,… (#1298)
* options: biosng_cc, biomass_to_liquid_cc, 98% capture rate Allam gas, avoid option.get * fix duplicated bus port
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Fabian Neumann
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@ -693,8 +693,10 @@ sector:
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conventional_generation:
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OCGT: gas
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biomass_to_liquid: false
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biomass_to_liquid_cc: false
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electrobiofuels: false
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biosng: false
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biosng_cc: false
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bioH2: false
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municipal_solid_waste: false
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limit_max_growth:
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@ -167,7 +167,9 @@ biomass_transport,--,"{true, false}",Add option for transporting solid biomass b
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biogas_upgrading_cc,--,"{true, false}",Add option to capture CO2 from biomass upgrading
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conventional_generation,,,Add a more detailed description of conventional carriers. Any power generation requires the consumption of fuel from nodes representing that fuel.
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biomass_to_liquid,--,"{true, false}",Add option for transforming solid biomass into liquid fuel with the same properties as oil
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biomass_to_liquid_cc,--,"{true, false}",Add option for transforming solid biomass into liquid fuel with the same properties as oil with carbon capture
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biosng,--,"{true, false}",Add option for transforming solid biomass into synthesis gas with the same properties as natural gas
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biosng_cc,--,"{true, false}",Add option for transforming solid biomass into synthesis gas with the same properties as natural gas with carbon capture
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bioH2,--,"{true, false}",Add option for transforming solid biomass into hydrogen with carbon capture
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municipal_solid_waste,--,"{true, false}",Add option for municipal solid waste
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limit_max_growth,,,
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@ -68,6 +68,11 @@ Upcoming Release
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defaults to 10 km. Previously the distance to the region's centroid was
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used, which is not practical when the regions are already aggregated.
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* Added options ``biosng_cc`` and ``biomass_to_liquid_cc`` to separate the base
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technology from the option to capture carbon from it.
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* Added 98% imperfect capture rate of Allam cycle gas turbine.
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PyPSA-Eur 0.13.0 (13th September 2024)
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======================================
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@ -132,9 +132,9 @@ def define_spatial(nodes, options):
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# ammonia
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if options.get("ammonia"):
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if options["ammonia"]:
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spatial.ammonia = SimpleNamespace()
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if options.get("ammonia") == "regional":
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if options["ammonia"] == "regional":
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spatial.ammonia.nodes = nodes + " NH3"
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spatial.ammonia.locations = nodes
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else:
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@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ def add_carrier_buses(n, carrier, nodes=None):
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)
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fossils = ["coal", "gas", "oil", "lignite"]
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if options.get("fossil_fuels", True) and carrier in fossils:
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if options["fossil_fuels"] and carrier in fossils:
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suffix = ""
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@ -750,7 +750,7 @@ def add_co2_network(n, costs):
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)
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def add_allam(n, costs):
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def add_allam_gas(n, costs):
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logger.info("Adding Allam cycle gas power plants.")
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nodes = pop_layout.index
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@ -758,17 +758,18 @@ def add_allam(n, costs):
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n.madd(
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"Link",
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nodes,
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suffix=" allam",
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suffix=" allam gas",
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bus0=spatial.gas.df.loc[nodes, "nodes"].values,
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bus1=nodes,
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bus2=spatial.co2.df.loc[nodes, "nodes"].values,
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carrier="allam",
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bus3="co2 atmosphere",
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carrier="allam gas",
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p_nom_extendable=True,
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# TODO: add costs to technology-data
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capital_cost=costs.at["allam", "fixed"] * costs.at["allam", "efficiency"],
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marginal_cost=costs.at["allam", "VOM"] * costs.at["allam", "efficiency"],
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efficiency=costs.at["allam", "efficiency"],
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efficiency2=costs.at["gas", "CO2 intensity"],
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efficiency2=0.98 * costs.at["gas", "CO2 intensity"],
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efficiency3=0.02 * costs.at["gas", "CO2 intensity"],
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lifetime=costs.at["allam", "lifetime"],
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)
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@ -823,8 +824,10 @@ def add_biomass_to_methanol_cc(n, costs):
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)
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def add_methanol_to_power(n, costs, types={}):
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# TODO: add costs to technology-data
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def add_methanol_to_power(n, costs, types=None):
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if types is None:
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types = {}
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nodes = pop_layout.index
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@ -1121,8 +1124,7 @@ def add_generation(n, costs):
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nodes = pop_layout.index
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fallback = {"OCGT": "gas"}
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conventionals = options.get("conventional_generation", fallback)
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conventionals = options["conventional_generation"]
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for generator, carrier in conventionals.items():
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carrier_nodes = vars(spatial)[carrier].nodes
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@ -1564,7 +1566,7 @@ def add_storage_and_grids(n, costs):
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complement_edges["length"] = complement_edges.apply(haversine, axis=1)
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# apply k_edge_augmentation weighted by length of complement edges
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k_edge = options.get("gas_network_connectivity_upgrade", 3)
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k_edge = options["gas_network_connectivity_upgrade"]
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if augmentation := list(
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k_edge_augmentation(G, k_edge, avail=complement_edges.values)
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):
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@ -1612,7 +1614,7 @@ def add_storage_and_grids(n, costs):
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lifetime=costs.at["H2 (g) pipeline repurposed", "lifetime"],
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)
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if options.get("H2_network", True):
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if options["H2_network"]:
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logger.info("Add options for new hydrogen pipelines.")
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h2_pipes = create_network_topology(
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@ -1682,7 +1684,7 @@ def add_storage_and_grids(n, costs):
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bus2=spatial.co2.nodes,
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p_nom_extendable=True,
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carrier="Sabatier",
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p_min_pu=options.get("min_part_load_methanation", 0),
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p_min_pu=options["min_part_load_methanation"],
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efficiency=costs.at["methanation", "efficiency"],
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efficiency2=-costs.at["methanation", "efficiency"]
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* costs.at["gas", "CO2 intensity"],
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@ -1691,7 +1693,7 @@ def add_storage_and_grids(n, costs):
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lifetime=costs.at["methanation", "lifetime"],
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)
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if options.get("coal_cc"):
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if options["coal_cc"]:
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n.madd(
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"Link",
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spatial.nodes,
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@ -1835,7 +1837,7 @@ def add_EVs(
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p_set=profile,
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)
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p_nom = number_cars * options.get("bev_charge_rate", 0.011) * electric_share
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p_nom = number_cars * options["bev_charge_rate"] * electric_share
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n.madd(
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"Link",
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@ -1847,7 +1849,7 @@ def add_EVs(
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carrier="BEV charger",
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p_max_pu=avail_profile[spatial.nodes],
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lifetime=1,
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efficiency=options.get("bev_charge_efficiency", 0.9),
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efficiency=options["bev_charge_efficiency"],
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)
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if options["v2g"]:
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@ -1861,13 +1863,13 @@ def add_EVs(
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carrier="V2G",
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p_max_pu=avail_profile[spatial.nodes],
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lifetime=1,
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efficiency=options.get("bev_charge_efficiency", 0.9),
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efficiency=options["bev_charge_efficiency"],
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)
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if options["bev_dsm"]:
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e_nom = (
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number_cars
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* options.get("bev_energy", 0.05)
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* options["bev_energy"]
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* options["bev_availability"]
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* electric_share
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)
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@ -2116,7 +2118,7 @@ def add_heat(n: pypsa.Network, costs: pd.DataFrame, cop: xr.DataArray):
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unit="MWh_th",
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)
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if heat_system == HeatSystem.URBAN_CENTRAL and options.get("central_heat_vent"):
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if heat_system == HeatSystem.URBAN_CENTRAL and options["central_heat_vent"]:
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n.madd(
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"Generator",
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nodes + f" {heat_system} heat vent",
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@ -2786,7 +2788,7 @@ def add_biomass(n, costs):
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p_nom_extendable=True,
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)
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if options.get("biogas_upgrading_cc"):
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if options["biogas_upgrading_cc"]:
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# Assuming for costs that the CO2 from upgrading is pure, such as in amine scrubbing. I.e., with and without CC is
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# equivalent. Adding biomass CHP capture because biogas is often small-scale and decentral so further
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# from e.g. CO2 grid or buyers. This is a proxy for the added cost for e.g. a raw biogas pipeline to a central upgrading facility
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@ -3034,6 +3036,8 @@ def add_biomass(n, costs):
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marginal_cost=costs.at["BtL", "VOM"] * costs.at["BtL", "efficiency"],
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)
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# Solid biomass to liquid fuel with carbon capture
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if options["biomass_to_liquid_cc"]:
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# Assuming that acid gas removal (incl. CO2) from syngas i performed with Rectisol
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# process (Methanol) and that electricity demand for this is included in the base process
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n.madd(
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@ -3044,7 +3048,7 @@ def add_biomass(n, costs):
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bus1=spatial.oil.nodes,
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bus2="co2 atmosphere",
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bus3=spatial.co2.nodes,
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carrier="biomass to liquid",
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carrier="biomass to liquid CC",
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lifetime=costs.at["BtL", "lifetime"],
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efficiency=costs.at["BtL", "efficiency"],
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efficiency2=-costs.at["solid biomass", "CO2 intensity"]
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@ -3112,6 +3116,8 @@ def add_biomass(n, costs):
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marginal_cost=costs.at["BioSNG", "VOM"] * costs.at["BioSNG", "efficiency"],
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)
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# BioSNG from solid biomass with carbon capture
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if options["biosng_cc"]:
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# Assuming that acid gas removal (incl. CO2) from syngas i performed with Rectisol
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# process (Methanol) and that electricity demand for this is included in the base process
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n.madd(
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@ -3122,7 +3128,7 @@ def add_biomass(n, costs):
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bus1=spatial.gas.nodes,
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bus2=spatial.co2.nodes,
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bus3="co2 atmosphere",
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carrier="BioSNG",
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carrier="BioSNG CC",
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lifetime=costs.at["BioSNG", "lifetime"],
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efficiency=costs.at["BioSNG", "efficiency"],
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efficiency2=costs.at["BioSNG", "CO2 stored"]
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@ -3162,10 +3168,6 @@ def add_biomass(n, costs):
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* costs.at["solid biomass to hydrogen", "efficiency"]
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+ costs.at["biomass CHP capture", "fixed"]
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* costs.at["solid biomass", "CO2 intensity"],
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overnight_cost=costs.at["solid biomass to hydrogen", "investment"]
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* costs.at["solid biomass to hydrogen", "efficiency"]
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+ costs.at["biomass CHP capture", "investment"]
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* costs.at["solid biomass", "CO2 intensity"],
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marginal_cost=0.0,
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)
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@ -3356,7 +3358,7 @@ def add_industry(n, costs):
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bus3=spatial.co2.nodes,
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carrier="methanolisation",
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p_nom_extendable=True,
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p_min_pu=options.get("min_part_load_methanolisation", 0),
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p_min_pu=options["min_part_load_methanolisation"],
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capital_cost=costs.at["methanolisation", "fixed"]
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* options["MWh_MeOH_per_MWh_H2"], # EUR/MW_H2/a
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marginal_cost=options["MWh_MeOH_per_MWh_H2"]
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@ -3552,12 +3554,12 @@ def add_industry(n, costs):
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efficiency2=-costs.at["oil", "CO2 intensity"]
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* costs.at["Fischer-Tropsch", "efficiency"],
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p_nom_extendable=True,
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p_min_pu=options.get("min_part_load_fischer_tropsch", 0),
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p_min_pu=options["min_part_load_fischer_tropsch"],
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lifetime=costs.at["Fischer-Tropsch", "lifetime"],
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)
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# naphtha
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demand_factor = options.get("HVC_demand_factor", 1)
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demand_factor = options["HVC_demand_factor"]
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if demand_factor != 1:
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logger.warning(f"Changing HVC demand by {demand_factor*100-100:+.2f}%.")
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@ -3630,7 +3632,7 @@ def add_industry(n, costs):
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efficiency3=process_co2_per_naphtha,
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)
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if options.get("biomass", True) and options["municipal_solid_waste"]:
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if options["biomass"] and options["municipal_solid_waste"]:
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n.madd(
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"Link",
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spatial.msw.locations,
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@ -3722,7 +3724,7 @@ def add_industry(n, costs):
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)
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# aviation
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demand_factor = options.get("aviation_demand_factor", 1)
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demand_factor = options["aviation_demand_factor"]
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if demand_factor != 1:
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logger.warning(f"Changing aviation demand by {demand_factor*100-100:+.2f}%.")
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@ -3862,7 +3864,7 @@ def add_industry(n, costs):
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lifetime=costs.at["cement capture", "lifetime"],
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)
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if options.get("ammonia"):
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if options["ammonia"]:
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if options["ammonia"] == "regional":
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p_set = (
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industrial_demand.loc[spatial.ammonia.locations, "ammonia"].rename(
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@ -4639,8 +4641,8 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
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if options["co2network"]:
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add_co2_network(n, costs)
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if options["allam_cycle"]:
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add_allam(n, costs)
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if options["allam_cycle_gas"]:
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add_allam_gas(n, costs)
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n = set_temporal_aggregation(
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n, snakemake.params.time_resolution, snakemake.input.snapshot_weightings
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@ -4701,7 +4703,7 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
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snakemake.params.planning_horizons[0] == investment_year
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)
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if options.get("cluster_heat_buses", False) and not first_year_myopic:
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if options["cluster_heat_buses"] and not first_year_myopic:
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cluster_heat_buses(n)
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maybe_adjust_costs_and_potentials(
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