make sequestration options configurable

.gitignore

@@ -51,3 +51,7 @@ doc/_build
 *.xls
 
 *.geojson
+
+*.ipynb
+
+data/costs_*

Snakefile

@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ else:
     build_biomass_transport_costs_output = {}
 
 
-if config["sector"].get("sequestration_potential", False):
+if config["sector"]["regional_co2_sequestration_potential"]["enable"]:
     rule build_sequestration_potentials:
         input:
             sequestration_potential=HTTP.remote("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ericzhou571/Co2Storage/main/resources/complete_map_2020_unit_Mt.geojson", keep_local=True),

config.default.yaml

@@ -250,8 +250,15 @@ sector:
   coal_cc: false
   dac: true
   co2_vent: false
+  allam_cycle: false
   SMR: true
-  sequestration_potential: true  # geological co2 storage potential
+  regional_co2_sequestration_potential:
+    enable: false  # enable regionally resolved geological co2 storage potential
+    attribute: 'conservative estimate Mt'
+    include_onshore: false  # include onshore sequestration potentials
+    min_size: 3 # Gt, sites with lower potential will be excluded
+    max_size: 25 # Gt, max sequestration potential for any one site, TODO research suitable value
+    years_of_storage: 25 # years until potential exhausted at optimised annual rate
   co2_sequestration_potential: 200  #MtCO2/a sequestration potential for Europe
   co2_sequestration_cost: 10   #EUR/tCO2 for sequestration of CO2
   co2_spatial: false
@@ -281,8 +288,8 @@ sector:
   gas_network_connectivity_upgrade: 1 # https://networkx.org/documentation/stable/reference/algorithms/generated/networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation.html#networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation
   gas_distribution_grid: true
   gas_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0  #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv
-  biomass_spatial: false  # biomass transport between nodes
-  biomass_transport: false  # biomass transport between nodes
+  biomass_spatial: false  # regionally resolve biomass (e.g. potentials)
+  biomass_transport: false  # allow transport of solid biomass between nodes
   conventional_generation: # generator : carrier
     OCGT: gas
   biomass_to_liquid: false

scripts/build_sequestration_potentials.py

@@ -27,22 +27,17 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
             clusters="181"
         )
 
-    # TODO move to config.yaml
-    threshold = 3
-    include_onshore = False
+    cf = snakemake.config["sector"]["regional_co2_sequestration_potential"]
 
     gdf = gpd.read_file(snakemake.input.sequestration_potential[0])
 
     regions = gpd.read_file(snakemake.input.regions_offshore)
-    if include_onshore:
+    if cf["include_onshore"]:
         onregions = gpd.read_file(snakemake.input.regions_onshore)
         regions = pd.concat([regions, onregions]).dissolve(by='name').reset_index()
 
-    attr = snakemake.config['sector']["sequestration_potential"]
-    kwargs = dict(attr=attr, threshold=threshold) if isinstance(attr, str) else {}
+    s = allocate_sequestration_potential(gdf, regions, attr=cf["attribute"], threshold=cf["min_size"])
 
-    s = allocate_sequestration_potential(gdf, regions, **kwargs)
-
-    s = s.where(s>threshold).dropna()
+    s = s.where(s>cf["min_size"]).dropna()
 
     s.to_csv(snakemake.output.sequestration_potential)

scripts/prepare_sector_network.py

@@ -517,10 +517,9 @@ def add_co2_tracking(n, options):
         unit="t_co2"
     )
 
-    if options["sequestration_potential"]:
-        # TODO make configurable options
-        upper_limit = 25000 # Mt
-        annualiser = 25 # TODO research suitable value
+    if options["regional_co2_sequestration_potential"]["enable"]:
+        upper_limit = options["regional_co2_sequestration_potential"]["max_size"] * 1e3 # Mt
+        annualiser = options["regional_co2_sequestration_potential"]["years_of_storage"]
         e_nom_max = pd.read_csv(snakemake.input.sequestration_potential, index_col=0).squeeze()
         e_nom_max = e_nom_max.reindex(spatial.co2.locations).fillna(0.).clip(upper=upper_limit).mul(1e6) / annualiser # t
         e_nom_max = e_nom_max.rename(index=lambda x: x + " co2 stored")
@@ -570,24 +569,25 @@ def add_co2_network(n, costs):
 
 def add_allam(n, costs):  
   
-    logger.info("Adding Allam cycle generators")  
+    logger.info("Adding Allam cycle gas power plants.")  
     
     nodes = pop_layout.index  
     
     n.madd("Link",  
-    nodes + " allam",  
-    bus0=spatial.gas.df.loc[nodes, "nodes"].values,  
-    bus1=nodes,  
-    bus2=spatial.co2.df.loc[nodes, "nodes"].values,  
-    carrier="allam",  
-    p_nom_extendable=True,  
-    # TODO: add costs to technology-data
-    capital_cost=0.6*1.5e6*0.1, # efficiency * EUR/MW * annuity  
-    marginal_cost=2,  
-    efficiency=0.6,  
-    efficiency2=costs.at['gas', 'CO2 intensity'],  
-    lifetime=30.,
-    )  
+        nodes,
+        suffix=" allam",  
+        bus0=spatial.gas.df.loc[nodes, "nodes"].values,  
+        bus1=nodes,  
+        bus2=spatial.co2.df.loc[nodes, "nodes"].values,  
+        carrier="allam",  
+        p_nom_extendable=True,  
+        # TODO: add costs to technology-data
+        capital_cost=0.6*1.5e6*0.1, # efficiency * EUR/MW * annuity  
+        marginal_cost=2,  
+        efficiency=0.6,  
+        efficiency2=costs.at['gas', 'CO2 intensity'],  
+        lifetime=30.,
+    )
   
 
 def add_dac(n, costs):
@@ -2923,6 +2923,8 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
 
     if options["co2network"]:
         add_co2_network(n, costs)
+
+    if options["allam_cycle"]:
         add_allam(n, costs)
 
     solver_name = snakemake.config["solving"]["solver"]["name"]