Merge pull request #838 from PyPSA/remove-conservative-potential-method

renewable_profiles: remove conservative potential estimation method

config/config.default.yaml

@@ -167,7 +167,6 @@ renewable:
       distance_grid_codes: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
     natura: true
     excluder_resolution: 100
-    potential: simple # or conservative
     clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2
   offwind-ac:
     cutout: europe-2013-era5
@@ -183,7 +182,6 @@ renewable:
     max_depth: 50
     max_shore_distance: 30000
     excluder_resolution: 200
-    potential: simple # or conservative
     clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2
   offwind-dc:
     cutout: europe-2013-era5
@@ -199,7 +197,6 @@ renewable:
     max_depth: 50
     min_shore_distance: 30000
     excluder_resolution: 200
-    potential: simple # or conservative
     clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2
   solar:
     cutout: europe-2013-sarah
@@ -214,7 +211,6 @@ renewable:
     corine: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 26, 31, 32]
     natura: true
     excluder_resolution: 100
-    potential: simple # or conservative
     clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2
   hydro:
     cutout: europe-2013-era5

doc/configtables/offwind-ac.csv

@@ -12,5 +12,4 @@ ship_threshold,--,float,"Ship density threshold from which areas are excluded."
 max_depth,m,float,"Maximum sea water depth at which wind turbines can be build. Maritime areas with deeper waters are excluded in the process of calculating the AC-connected offshore wind potential."
 min_shore_distance,m,float,"Minimum distance to the shore below which wind turbines cannot be build. Such areas close to the shore are excluded in the process of calculating the AC-connected offshore wind potential."
 max_shore_distance,m,float,"Maximum distance to the shore above which wind turbines cannot be build. Such areas close to the shore are excluded in the process of calculating the AC-connected offshore wind potential."
-potential,--,"One of {'simple', 'conservative'}","Method to compute the maximal installable potential for a node; confer :ref:`renewableprofiles`"
 clip_p_max_pu,p.u.,float,"To avoid too small values in the renewables` per-unit availability time series values below this threshold are set to zero."

doc/configtables/offwind-dc.csv

@@ -12,5 +12,4 @@ ship_threshold,--,float,"Ship density threshold from which areas are excluded."
 max_depth,m,float,"Maximum sea water depth at which wind turbines can be build. Maritime areas with deeper waters are excluded in the process of calculating the AC-connected offshore wind potential."
 min_shore_distance,m,float,"Minimum distance to the shore below which wind turbines cannot be build."
 max_shore_distance,m,float,"Maximum distance to the shore above which wind turbines cannot be build."
-potential,--,"One of {'simple', 'conservative'}","Method to compute the maximal installable potential for a node; confer :ref:`renewableprofiles`"
 clip_p_max_pu,p.u.,float,"To avoid too small values in the renewables` per-unit availability time series values below this threshold are set to zero."

doc/configtables/onwind.csv

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ corine,,,
 -- distance,m,float,"Distance to keep from areas specified in ``distance_grid_codes``"
 -- distance_grid_codes,--,"Any subset of the `CORINE Land Cover code list <http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/corine-land-cover-2006-raster-1/corine-land-cover-classes-and/clc_legend.csv/at_download/file>`_","Specifies areas according to CORINE Land Cover codes to which wind turbines must maintain a distance specified in the setting ``distance``."
 natura,bool,"{true, false}","Switch to exclude `Natura 2000 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natura_2000>`_ natural protection areas. Area is excluded if ``true``."
-potential,--,"One of {'simple', 'conservative'}","Method to compute the maximal installable potential for a node; confer :ref:`renewableprofiles`"
 clip_p_max_pu,p.u.,float,"To avoid too small values in the renewables` per-unit availability time series values below this threshold are set to zero."
 correction_factor,--,float,"Correction factor for capacity factor time series."
 excluder_resolution,m,float,"Resolution on which to perform geographical elibility analysis."

doc/configtables/solar.csv

@@ -10,6 +10,5 @@ capacity_per_sqkm,:math:`MW/km^2`,float,"Allowable density of solar panel placem
 correction_factor,--,float,"A correction factor for the capacity factor (availability) time series."
 corine,--,"Any subset of the `CORINE Land Cover code list <http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/corine-land-cover-2006-raster-1/corine-land-cover-classes-and/clc_legend.csv/at_download/file>`_","Specifies areas according to CORINE Land Cover codes which are generally eligible for solar panel placement."
 natura,bool,"{true, false}","Switch to exclude `Natura 2000 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natura_2000>`_ natural protection areas. Area is excluded if ``true``."
-potential,--,"One of {'simple', 'conservative'}","Method to compute the maximal installable potential for a node; confer :ref:`renewableprofiles`"
 clip_p_max_pu,p.u.,float,"To avoid too small values in the renewables` per-unit availability time series values below this threshold are set to zero."
 excluder_resolution,m,float,"Resolution on which to perform geographical elibility analysis."

scripts/build_renewable_profiles.py

@@ -26,20 +26,9 @@ Relevant settings
 
     renewable:
         {technology}:
-            cutout:
-            corine:
-            grid_codes:
-            distance:
-            natura:
-            max_depth:
-            max_shore_distance:
-            min_shore_distance:
-            capacity_per_sqkm:
-            correction_factor:
-            potential:
-            min_p_max_pu:
-            clip_p_max_pu:
-            resource:
+            cutout: corine: grid_codes: distance: natura: max_depth:
+            max_shore_distance: min_shore_distance: capacity_per_sqkm:
+            correction_factor: min_p_max_pu: clip_p_max_pu: resource:
 
 .. seealso::
     Documentation of the configuration file ``config/config.yaml`` at
@@ -48,21 +37,30 @@ Relevant settings
 Inputs
 ------
 
-- ``data/bundle/corine/g250_clc06_V18_5.tif``: `CORINE Land Cover (CLC) <https://land.copernicus.eu/pan-european/corine-land-cover>`_ inventory on `44 classes <https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Corine_Land_Cover#Tagging>`_ of land use (e.g. forests, arable land, industrial, urban areas).
+- ``data/bundle/corine/g250_clc06_V18_5.tif``: `CORINE Land Cover (CLC)
+  <https://land.copernicus.eu/pan-european/corine-land-cover>`_ inventory on `44
+  classes <https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Corine_Land_Cover#Tagging>`_ of
+  land use (e.g. forests, arable land, industrial, urban areas).
 
     .. image:: img/corine.png
         :scale: 33 %
 
-- ``data/bundle/GEBCO_2014_2D.nc``: A `bathymetric <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathymetry>`_ data set with a global terrain model for ocean and land at 15 arc-second intervals by the `General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO) <https://www.gebco.net/data_and_products/gridded_bathymetry_data/>`_.
+- ``data/bundle/GEBCO_2014_2D.nc``: A `bathymetric
+  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathymetry>`_ data set with a global terrain
+  model for ocean and land at 15 arc-second intervals by the `General
+  Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO)
+  <https://www.gebco.net/data_and_products/gridded_bathymetry_data/>`_.
 
     .. image:: img/gebco_2019_grid_image.jpg
         :scale: 50 %
 
-    **Source:** `GEBCO <https://www.gebco.net/data_and_products/images/gebco_2019_grid_image.jpg>`_
+    **Source:** `GEBCO
+    <https://www.gebco.net/data_and_products/images/gebco_2019_grid_image.jpg>`_
 
 - ``resources/natura.tiff``: confer :ref:`natura`
 - ``resources/offshore_shapes.geojson``: confer :ref:`shapes`
-- ``resources/regions_onshore.geojson``: (if not offshore wind), confer :ref:`busregions`
+- ``resources/regions_onshore.geojson``: (if not offshore wind), confer
+  :ref:`busregions`
 - ``resources/regions_offshore.geojson``: (if offshore wind), :ref:`busregions`
 - ``"cutouts/" + params["renewable"][{technology}]['cutout']``: :ref:`cutout`
 - ``networks/base.nc``: :ref:`base`
@@ -128,25 +126,25 @@ Description
 This script functions at two main spatial resolutions: the resolution of the
 network nodes and their `Voronoi cells
 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voronoi_diagram>`_, and the resolution of the
-cutout grid cells for the weather data. Typically the weather data grid is
-finer than the network nodes, so we have to work out the distribution of
-generators across the grid cells within each Voronoi cell. This is done by
-taking account of a combination of the available land at each grid cell and the
-capacity factor there.
+cutout grid cells for the weather data. Typically the weather data grid is finer
+than the network nodes, so we have to work out the distribution of generators
+across the grid cells within each Voronoi cell. This is done by taking account
+of a combination of the available land at each grid cell and the capacity factor
+there.
 
 First the script computes how much of the technology can be installed at each
 cutout grid cell and each node using the `GLAES
-<https://github.com/FZJ-IEK3-VSA/glaes>`_ library. This uses the CORINE land use data,
-Natura2000 nature reserves and GEBCO bathymetry data.
+<https://github.com/FZJ-IEK3-VSA/glaes>`_ library. This uses the CORINE land use
+data, Natura2000 nature reserves and GEBCO bathymetry data.
 
 .. image:: img/eligibility.png
     :scale: 50 %
     :align: center
 
-To compute the layout of generators in each node's Voronoi cell, the
-installable potential in each grid cell is multiplied with the capacity factor
-at each grid cell. This is done since we assume more generators are installed
-at cells with a higher capacity factor.
+To compute the layout of generators in each node's Voronoi cell, the installable
+potential in each grid cell is multiplied with the capacity factor at each grid
+cell. This is done since we assume more generators are installed at cells with a
+higher capacity factor.
 
 .. image:: img/offwinddc-gridcell.png
     :scale: 50 %
@@ -164,20 +162,14 @@ at cells with a higher capacity factor.
     :scale: 50 %
     :align: center
 
-This layout is then used to compute the generation availability time series
-from the weather data cutout from ``atlite``.
+This layout is then used to compute the generation availability time series from
+the weather data cutout from ``atlite``.
 
-Two methods are available to compute the maximal installable potential for the
-node (`p_nom_max`): ``simple`` and ``conservative``:
-
-- ``simple`` adds up the installable potentials of the individual grid cells.
-  If the model comes close to this limit, then the time series may slightly
-  overestimate production since it is assumed the geographical distribution is
-  proportional to capacity factor.
-
-- ``conservative`` assertains the nodal limit by increasing capacities
-  proportional to the layout until the limit of an individual grid cell is
-  reached.
+The maximal installable potential for the node (`p_nom_max`) is computed by
+adding up the installable potentials of the individual grid cells.
+If the model comes close to this limit, then the time series may slightly
+overestimate production since it is assumed the geographical distribution is
+proportional to capacity factor.
 """
 import functools
 import logging
@@ -210,7 +202,6 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
     resource = params["resource"]  # pv panel params / wind turbine params
     correction_factor = params.get("correction_factor", 1.0)
     capacity_per_sqkm = params["capacity_per_sqkm"]
-    p_nom_max_meth = params.get("potential", "conservative")
 
     if isinstance(params.get("corine", {}), list):
         params["corine"] = {"grid_codes": params["corine"]}
@@ -315,17 +306,8 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
         **resource,
     )
 
-    logger.info(f"Calculating maximal capacity per bus (method '{p_nom_max_meth}')")
-    if p_nom_max_meth == "simple":
-        p_nom_max = capacity_per_sqkm * availability @ area
-    elif p_nom_max_meth == "conservative":
-        max_cap_factor = capacity_factor.where(availability != 0).max(["x", "y"])
-        p_nom_max = capacities / max_cap_factor
-    else:
-        raise AssertionError(
-            'Config key `potential` should be one of "simple" '
-            f'(default) or "conservative", not "{p_nom_max_meth}"'
-        )
+    logger.info(f"Calculating maximal capacity per bus")
+    p_nom_max = capacity_per_sqkm * availability @ area
 
     logger.info("Calculate average distances.")
     layoutmatrix = (layout * availability).stack(spatial=["y", "x"])