plot_network: legends, EqualEarth projection, w/wo retrofit compatibility
This commit is contained in:
Fabian Neumann
parent
510ef20937
commit
c273eb7f2c
@ -6,13 +6,14 @@ import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
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import cartopy.crs as ccrs
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from matplotlib.legend_handler import HandlerPatch
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from matplotlib.patches import Circle, Ellipse
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from matplotlib.patches import Circle, Patch
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from pypsa.plot import projected_area_factor
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from make_summary import assign_carriers
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from plot_summary import rename_techs, preferred_order
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from helper import override_component_attrs
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plt.style.use('ggplot')
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plt.style.use(['ggplot', "../matplotlibrc"])
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def rename_techs_tyndp(tech):
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@ -36,31 +37,65 @@ def rename_techs_tyndp(tech):
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else:
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return tech
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class HandlerCircle(HandlerPatch):
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"""
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Legend Handler used to create circles for legend entries.
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This handler resizes the circles in order to match the same dimensional
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scaling as in the applied axis.
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"""
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def create_artists(
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self, legend, orig_handle, xdescent, ydescent, width, height, fontsize, trans
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):
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fig = legend.get_figure()
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ax = legend.axes
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def make_handler_map_to_scale_circles_as_in(ax, dont_resize_actively=False):
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fig = ax.get_figure()
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unit = np.diff(ax.transData.transform([(0, 0), (1, 1)]), axis=0)[0][1]
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radius = orig_handle.get_radius() * unit * (72 / fig.dpi)
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center = 5 - xdescent, 3 - ydescent
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p = plt.Circle(center, radius)
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self.update_prop(p, orig_handle, legend)
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p.set_transform(trans)
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return [p]
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def axes2pt():
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return np.diff(ax.transData.transform([(0, 0), (1, 1)]), axis=0)[0] * (72. / fig.dpi)
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ellipses = []
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if not dont_resize_actively:
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def update_width_height(event):
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dist = axes2pt()
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for e, radius in ellipses:
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e.width, e.height = 2. * radius * dist
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fig.canvas.mpl_connect('resize_event', update_width_height)
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ax.callbacks.connect('xlim_changed', update_width_height)
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ax.callbacks.connect('ylim_changed', update_width_height)
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def add_legend_circles(ax, sizes, labels, scale=1, srid=None, patch_kw={}, legend_kw={}):
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if srid is not None:
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area_correction = projected_area_factor(ax, n.srid)**2
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print(area_correction)
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sizes = [s * area_correction for s in sizes]
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handles = make_legend_circles_for(sizes, scale, **patch_kw)
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legend = ax.legend(
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handles, labels,
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handler_map={Circle: HandlerCircle()},
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**legend_kw
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)
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def legend_circle_handler(legend, orig_handle, xdescent, ydescent,
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width, height, fontsize):
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w, h = 2. * orig_handle.get_radius() * axes2pt()
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e = Ellipse(xy=(0.5 * width - 0.5 * xdescent, 0.5 *
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height - 0.5 * ydescent), width=w, height=w)
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ellipses.append((e, orig_handle.get_radius()))
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return e
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return {Circle: HandlerPatch(patch_func=legend_circle_handler)}
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ax.add_artist(legend)
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def add_legend_lines(ax, sizes, labels, scale=1, patch_kw={}, legend_kw={}):
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handles = [plt.Line2D([0], [0], linewidth=s/scale, **patch_kw) for s in sizes]
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legend = ax.legend(
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handles, labels,
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**legend_kw
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)
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ax.add_artist(legend)
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def add_legend_patches(ax, colors, labels, patch_kw={}, legend_kw={}):
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handles = [Patch(facecolor=c, **patch_kw) for c in colors]
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legend = ax.legend(handles, labels, **legend_kw)
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ax.add_artist(legend)
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def make_legend_circles_for(sizes, scale=1.0, **kw):
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@ -80,6 +115,8 @@ def assign_location(n):
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def plot_map(network, components=["links", "stores", "storage_units", "generators"],
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bus_size_factor=1.7e10, transmission=False):
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tech_colors = snakemake.config['plotting']['tech_colors']
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n = network.copy()
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assign_location(n)
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# Drop non-electric buses so they don't clutter the plot
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@ -109,7 +146,7 @@ def plot_map(network, components=["links", "stores", "storage_units", "generator
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costs = costs[new_columns]
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for item in new_columns:
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if item not in snakemake.config['plotting']['tech_colors']:
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if item not in tech_colors:
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print("Warning!",item,"not in config/plotting/tech_colors")
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costs = costs.stack() # .sort_index()
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@ -129,6 +166,11 @@ def plot_map(network, components=["links", "stores", "storage_units", "generator
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# make sure they are removed from index
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costs.index = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples(costs.index.values)
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threshold = 100e6 # 100 mEUR/a
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carriers = costs.sum(level=1)
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carriers = carriers.where(carriers > threshold).dropna()
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carriers = list(carriers.index)
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# PDF has minimum width, so set these to zero
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line_lower_threshold = 500.
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line_upper_threshold = 1e4
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@ -140,23 +182,23 @@ def plot_map(network, components=["links", "stores", "storage_units", "generator
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# should be zero
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line_widths = n.lines.s_nom_opt - n.lines.s_nom
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link_widths = n.links.p_nom_opt - n.links.p_nom
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title = "Transmission reinforcement"
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title = "Added grid"
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if transmission:
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line_widths = n.lines.s_nom_opt
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link_widths = n.links.p_nom_opt
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linewidth_factor = 2e3
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line_lower_threshold = 0.
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title = "Today's transmission"
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title = "Today's grid"
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else:
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line_widths = n.lines.s_nom_opt - n.lines.s_nom_min
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link_widths = n.links.p_nom_opt - n.links.p_nom_min
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title = "Transmission reinforcement"
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title = "Added grid"
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if transmission:
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line_widths = n.lines.s_nom_opt
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link_widths = n.links.p_nom_opt
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title = "Total transmission"
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title = "Total grid"
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line_widths[line_widths < line_lower_threshold] = 0.
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link_widths[link_widths < line_lower_threshold] = 0.
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@ -164,12 +206,12 @@ def plot_map(network, components=["links", "stores", "storage_units", "generator
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line_widths[line_widths > line_upper_threshold] = line_upper_threshold
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link_widths[link_widths > line_upper_threshold] = line_upper_threshold
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fig, ax = plt.subplots(subplot_kw={"projection": ccrs.PlateCarree()})
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fig, ax = plt.subplots(subplot_kw={"projection": ccrs.EqualEarth()})
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fig.set_size_inches(7, 6)
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n.plot(
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bus_sizes=costs / bus_size_factor,
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bus_colors=snakemake.config['plotting']['tech_colors'],
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bus_colors=tech_colors,
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line_colors=ac_color,
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link_colors=dc_color,
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line_widths=line_widths / linewidth_factor,
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@ -177,45 +219,63 @@ def plot_map(network, components=["links", "stores", "storage_units", "generator
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ax=ax, **map_opts
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)
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handles = make_legend_circles_for(
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[5e9, 1e9],
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scale=bus_size_factor,
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facecolor="gray"
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)
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sizes = [20, 10, 5]
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labels = [f"{s} bEUR/a" for s in sizes]
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labels = ["{} bEUR/a".format(s) for s in (5, 1)]
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l2 = ax.legend(
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handles, labels,
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legend_kw = dict(
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loc="upper left",
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bbox_to_anchor=(0.01, 1.01),
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labelspacing=1.0,
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bbox_to_anchor=(0.01, 1.06),
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labelspacing=0.8,
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frameon=False,
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handletextpad=0,
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title='System cost',
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handler_map=make_handler_map_to_scale_circles_as_in(ax)
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)
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ax.add_artist(l2)
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add_legend_circles(
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ax,
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sizes,
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labels,
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scale=bus_size_factor/1e9,
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srid=n.srid,
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patch_kw=dict(facecolor="lightgrey"),
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legend_kw=legend_kw
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)
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handles = []
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labels = []
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sizes = [10, 5]
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labels = [f"{s} GW" for s in sizes]
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for s in (10, 5):
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handles.append(plt.Line2D([0], [0], color=ac_color,
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linewidth=s * 1e3 / linewidth_factor))
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labels.append("{} GW".format(s))
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l1_1 = ax.legend(
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handles, labels,
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legend_kw = dict(
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loc="upper left",
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bbox_to_anchor=(0.22, 1.01),
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bbox_to_anchor=(0.27, 1.06),
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frameon=False,
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labelspacing=0.8,
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handletextpad=1.5,
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handletextpad=1,
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title=title
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)
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ax.add_artist(l1_1)
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add_legend_lines(
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ax,
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sizes,
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labels,
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scale=linewidth_factor/1e3,
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patch_kw=dict(color='lightgrey'),
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legend_kw=legend_kw
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)
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legend_kw = dict(
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bbox_to_anchor=(1.55, 1.04),
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frameon=False,
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)
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colors = [tech_colors[c] for c in carriers] + [ac_color, dc_color]
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labels = carriers + ["HVAC line", "HVDC link"]
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add_legend_patches(
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ax,
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colors,
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labels,
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legend_kw=legend_kw,
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)
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fig.savefig(
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snakemake.output.map,
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@ -226,6 +286,8 @@ def plot_map(network, components=["links", "stores", "storage_units", "generator
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def plot_h2_map(network):
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tech_colors = snakemake.config['plotting']['tech_colors']
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n = network.copy()
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if "H2 pipeline" not in n.links.carrier.unique():
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return
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@ -240,7 +302,9 @@ def plot_h2_map(network):
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# Drop non-electric buses so they don't clutter the plot
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n.buses.drop(n.buses.index[n.buses.carrier != "AC"], inplace=True)
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elec = n.links[n.links.carrier.isin(["H2 Electrolysis", "H2 Fuel Cell"])].index
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carriers = ["H2 Electrolysis", "H2 Fuel Cell"]
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elec = n.links[n.links.carrier.isin(carriers)].index
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bus_sizes = n.links.loc[elec,"p_nom_opt"].groupby([n.links["bus0"], n.links.carrier]).sum() / bus_size_factor
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@ -253,20 +317,28 @@ def plot_h2_map(network):
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h2_retro = n.links.loc[n.links.carrier=='H2 pipeline retrofitted']
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positive_order = h2_retro.bus0 < h2_retro.bus1
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h2_retro_p = h2_retro[positive_order]
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swap_buses = {"bus0": "bus1", "bus1": "bus0"}
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h2_retro_n = h2_retro[~positive_order].rename(columns=swap_buses)
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h2_retro = pd.concat([h2_retro_p, h2_retro_n])
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if not h2_retro.empty:
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h2_retro.index = h2_retro.apply(
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lambda x: f"H2 pipeline {x.bus0.replace(' H2', '')} -> {x.bus1.replace(' H2', '')}",
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axis=1
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)
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positive_order = h2_retro.bus0 < h2_retro.bus1
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h2_retro_p = h2_retro[positive_order]
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swap_buses = {"bus0": "bus1", "bus1": "bus0"}
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h2_retro_n = h2_retro[~positive_order].rename(columns=swap_buses)
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h2_retro = pd.concat([h2_retro_p, h2_retro_n])
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h2_retro = h2_retro["p_nom_opt"]
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h2_retro.index = h2_retro.apply(
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lambda x: f"H2 pipeline {x.bus0.replace(' H2', '')} -> {x.bus1.replace(' H2', '')}",
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axis=1
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)
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link_widths_total = (h2_new + h2_retro) / linewidth_factor
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h2_retro = h2_retro["p_nom_opt"]
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h2_total = h2_new + h2_retro
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else:
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h2_total = h2_new
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link_widths_total = h2_total / linewidth_factor
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link_widths_total = link_widths_total.groupby(level=0).sum().reindex(n.links.index).fillna(0.)
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link_widths_total[n.links.p_nom_opt < line_lower_threshold] = 0.
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@ -279,13 +351,17 @@ def plot_h2_map(network):
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fig, ax = plt.subplots(
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figsize=(7, 6),
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subplot_kw={"projection": ccrs.PlateCarree()}
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subplot_kw={"projection": ccrs.EqualEarth()}
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)
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color_h2_pipe = '#a2f0f2'
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color_retrofit = '#72d3d6'
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n.plot(
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geomap=True,
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bus_sizes=bus_sizes,
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bus_colors=snakemake.config['plotting']['tech_colors'],
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link_colors='#a2f0f2',
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bus_colors=tech_colors,
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link_colors=color_h2_pipe,
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link_widths=link_widths_total,
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branch_components=["Link"],
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ax=ax,
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@ -293,54 +369,70 @@ def plot_h2_map(network):
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)
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n.plot(
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geomap=False,
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geomap=True, # set False in PyPSA 0.19
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bus_sizes=0,
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link_colors='#72d3d6',
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link_colors=color_retrofit,
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link_widths=link_widths_retro,
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branch_components=["Link"],
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ax=ax,
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**map_opts
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# color_geomap=False, # needs PyPSA 0.19
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boundaries=map_opts["boundaries"]
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)
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handles = make_legend_circles_for(
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[50000, 10000],
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scale=bus_size_factor,
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facecolor='grey'
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)
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sizes = [50, 10]
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labels = [f"{s} GW" for s in sizes]
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labels = ["{} GW".format(s) for s in (50, 10)]
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l2 = ax.legend(
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handles, labels,
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legend_kw = dict(
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loc="upper left",
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bbox_to_anchor=(-0.03, 1.01),
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labelspacing=1.0,
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bbox_to_anchor=(0, 1),
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labelspacing=0.8,
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handletextpad=0,
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frameon=False,
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title='Electrolyzer capacity',
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handler_map=make_handler_map_to_scale_circles_as_in(ax)
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)
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ax.add_artist(l2)
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add_legend_circles(ax, sizes, labels,
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scale=bus_size_factor/1e3,
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srid=n.srid,
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patch_kw=dict(facecolor='lightgrey'),
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legend_kw=legend_kw
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)
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handles = []
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labels = []
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sizes = [50, 10]
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labels = [f"{s} GW" for s in sizes]
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for s in (50, 10):
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handles.append(plt.Line2D([0], [0], color="grey",
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linewidth=s * 1e3 / linewidth_factor))
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labels.append("{} GW".format(s))
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l1_1 = ax.legend(
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handles, labels,
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legend_kw = dict(
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loc="upper left",
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bbox_to_anchor=(0.28, 1.01),
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bbox_to_anchor=(0.23, 1),
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frameon=False,
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labelspacing=0.8,
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handletextpad=1.5,
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title='H2 pipeline capacity'
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handletextpad=1,
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)
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ax.add_artist(l1_1)
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add_legend_lines(
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ax,
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sizes,
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labels,
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scale=linewidth_factor/1e3,
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patch_kw=dict(color='lightgrey'),
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legend_kw=legend_kw,
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)
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colors = [tech_colors[c] for c in carriers] + [color_h2_pipe, color_retrofit]
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labels = carriers + ["H2 pipeline (total)", "H2 pipeline (repurposed)"]
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legend_kw = dict(
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loc="upper left",
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bbox_to_anchor=(0, 1.13),
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ncol=2,
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frameon=False,
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)
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add_legend_patches(
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ax,
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colors,
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labels,
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legend_kw=legend_kw
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)
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fig.savefig(
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snakemake.output.map.replace("-costs-all","-h2_network"),
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@ -400,89 +492,126 @@ def plot_ch4_map(network):
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link_widths_used = max_usage / linewidth_factor
|
||||
link_widths_used[max_usage < line_lower_threshold] = 0.
|
||||
|
||||
link_color_used = n.links.carrier.map({"gas pipeline": "#f08080",
|
||||
"gas pipeline new": "#c46868"})
|
||||
tech_colors = snakemake.config['plotting']['tech_colors']
|
||||
|
||||
pipe_colors = {
|
||||
"gas pipeline": "#f08080",
|
||||
"gas pipeline new": "#c46868",
|
||||
"gas pipeline (2020)": 'lightgrey',
|
||||
"gas pipeline (available)": '#e8d1d1',
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
link_color_used = n.links.carrier.map(pipe_colors)
|
||||
|
||||
n.links.bus0 = n.links.bus0.str.replace(" gas", "")
|
||||
n.links.bus1 = n.links.bus1.str.replace(" gas", "")
|
||||
|
||||
tech_colors = snakemake.config['plotting']['tech_colors']
|
||||
|
||||
bus_colors = {
|
||||
"fossil gas": tech_colors["fossil gas"],
|
||||
"methanation": tech_colors["methanation"],
|
||||
"biogas": "seagreen"
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(7,6), subplot_kw={"projection": ccrs.PlateCarree()})
|
||||
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(7,6), subplot_kw={"projection": ccrs.EqualEarth()})
|
||||
|
||||
n.plot(
|
||||
bus_sizes=bus_sizes,
|
||||
bus_colors=bus_colors,
|
||||
link_colors='lightgrey',
|
||||
link_colors=pipe_colors['gas pipeline (2020)'],
|
||||
link_widths=link_widths_orig,
|
||||
branch_components=["Link"],
|
||||
ax=ax,
|
||||
geomap=True,
|
||||
**map_opts
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
n.plot(
|
||||
geomap=False,
|
||||
geomap=True, # set False in PyPSA 0.19
|
||||
ax=ax,
|
||||
bus_sizes=0.,
|
||||
link_colors='#e8d1d1',
|
||||
link_colors=pipe_colors['gas pipeline (available)'],
|
||||
link_widths=link_widths_rem,
|
||||
branch_components=["Link"],
|
||||
**map_opts
|
||||
# color_geomap=False, # needs PyPSA 0.19
|
||||
boundaries=map_opts["boundaries"]
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
n.plot(
|
||||
geomap=False,
|
||||
geomap=True, # set False in PyPSA 0.19
|
||||
ax=ax,
|
||||
bus_sizes=0.,
|
||||
link_colors=link_color_used,
|
||||
link_widths=link_widths_used,
|
||||
branch_components=["Link"],
|
||||
**map_opts
|
||||
# color_geomap=False, # needs PyPSA 0.19
|
||||
boundaries=map_opts["boundaries"]
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
handles = make_legend_circles_for(
|
||||
[10e6, 100e6],
|
||||
scale=bus_size_factor,
|
||||
facecolor='grey'
|
||||
)
|
||||
labels = ["{} TWh".format(s) for s in (10, 100)]
|
||||
sizes = [100, 10]
|
||||
labels = [f"{s} TWh" for s in sizes]
|
||||
|
||||
l2 = ax.legend(
|
||||
handles, labels,
|
||||
legend_kw = dict(
|
||||
loc="upper left",
|
||||
bbox_to_anchor=(-0.03, 1.01),
|
||||
labelspacing=1.0,
|
||||
bbox_to_anchor=(0, 1.03),
|
||||
labelspacing=0.8,
|
||||
frameon=False,
|
||||
title='gas generation',
|
||||
handler_map=make_handler_map_to_scale_circles_as_in(ax)
|
||||
handletextpad=1,
|
||||
title='Gas Sources',
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
ax.add_artist(l2)
|
||||
add_legend_circles(
|
||||
ax,
|
||||
sizes,
|
||||
labels,
|
||||
scale=bus_size_factor/1e6,
|
||||
srid=n.srid,
|
||||
patch_kw=dict(facecolor='lightgrey'),
|
||||
legend_kw=legend_kw,
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
handles = []
|
||||
labels = []
|
||||
|
||||
for s in (50, 10):
|
||||
handles.append(plt.Line2D([0], [0], color="grey", linewidth=s * 1e3 / linewidth_factor))
|
||||
labels.append("{} GW".format(s))
|
||||
sizes = [50, 10]
|
||||
labels = [f"{s} GW" for s in sizes]
|
||||
|
||||
l1_1 = ax.legend(
|
||||
handles, labels,
|
||||
legend_kw = dict(
|
||||
loc="upper left",
|
||||
bbox_to_anchor=(0.28, 1.01),
|
||||
bbox_to_anchor=(0.25, 1.03),
|
||||
frameon=False,
|
||||
labelspacing=0.8,
|
||||
handletextpad=1.5,
|
||||
title='gas pipeline used capacity'
|
||||
handletextpad=1,
|
||||
title='Gas Pipeline'
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
ax.add_artist(l1_1)
|
||||
add_legend_lines(
|
||||
ax,
|
||||
sizes,
|
||||
labels,
|
||||
scale=linewidth_factor/1e3,
|
||||
patch_kw=dict(color='lightgrey'),
|
||||
legend_kw=legend_kw,
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
colors = list(pipe_colors.values()) + list(bus_colors.values())
|
||||
labels = list(pipe_colors.keys()) + list(bus_colors.keys())
|
||||
|
||||
# legend on the side
|
||||
# legend_kw = dict(
|
||||
# bbox_to_anchor=(1.47, 1.04),
|
||||
# frameon=False,
|
||||
# )
|
||||
|
||||
legend_kw = dict(
|
||||
loc='upper left',
|
||||
bbox_to_anchor=(0, 1.24),
|
||||
ncol=2,
|
||||
frameon=False,
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
add_legend_patches(
|
||||
ax,
|
||||
colors,
|
||||
labels,
|
||||
legend_kw=legend_kw,
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
fig.savefig(
|
||||
snakemake.output.map.replace("-costs-all","-ch4_network"),
|
||||
@ -500,13 +629,13 @@ def plot_map_without(network):
|
||||
|
||||
fig, ax = plt.subplots(
|
||||
figsize=(7, 6),
|
||||
subplot_kw={"projection": ccrs.PlateCarree()}
|
||||
subplot_kw={"projection": ccrs.EqualEarth()}
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
# PDF has minimum width, so set these to zero
|
||||
line_lower_threshold = 200.
|
||||
line_upper_threshold = 1e4
|
||||
linewidth_factor = 2e3
|
||||
linewidth_factor = 3e3
|
||||
ac_color = "gray"
|
||||
dc_color = "m"
|
||||
|
||||
@ -709,7 +838,7 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
|
||||
|
||||
plot_map(n,
|
||||
components=["generators", "links", "stores", "storage_units"],
|
||||
bus_size_factor=1.5e10,
|
||||
bus_size_factor=2e10,
|
||||
transmission=False
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user