Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/eu-energy-security' into results-dir

config.default.yaml

@@ -64,7 +64,30 @@ electricity:
   powerplants_filter: (DateOut >= 2022 or DateOut != DateOut)
   # use pandas query strings here, e.g. Country in ['Germany']
   custom_powerplants: false 
-  conventional_carriers: [nuclear, oil, OCGT, CCGT, coal, lignite, geothermal, biomass]
+  conventional_carriers:
+    technologies: [nuclear, oil, OCGT, CCGT, coal, lignite, geothermal, biomass]
+    # Limit energy availability from these sources -> p_max_pu
+    # syntax:
+    # <technology name>: <fixed value> or <country>: <value>
+    energy_availability_factors:
+      # From IAEA
+      # https://pris.iaea.org/PRIS/WorldStatistics/ThreeYrsEnergyAvailabilityFactor.aspx (2022-04-08)
+      nuclear:
+        BE: 0.65
+        BG: 0.89
+        CZ: 0.82
+        FI: 0.92
+        FR: 0.70
+        DE: 0.88
+        HU: 0.90
+        NL: 0.86
+        RO: 0.92
+        SK: 0.89
+        SI: 0.94
+        ES: 0.89
+        SE: 0.82
+        CH: 0.86
+        GB: 0.67
   renewable_capacities_from_OPSD: [] # onwind, offwind, solar
 
   estimate_renewable_capacities:

doc/release_notes.rst

@@ -25,7 +25,10 @@ Energy Security Release (April 2022)
 * Add operational reserve margin constraint analogous to `GenX implementation <https://genxproject.github.io/GenX/dev/core/#Reserves>`_.
   Can be activated with config setting ``electricity: operational_reserve:``.
 
-* Add function to add global constraint on use of gas in :mod:`prepare_network`. This can be activated with `electricity: gaslimit:` given in MWh. 
+* Add function to add global constraint on use of gas in :mod:`prepare_network`. This can be activated with `electricity: gaslimit:` given in MWh.
+
+* Add configuration option to implement Energy Availability Factors (EAFs) for conventional generation technologies.
+* Implement country-specific EAFs for nuclear power plants based on IAEA 2018-2020 reported country averages.
 
 * The powerplants that have been shut down before 2021 are filtered out. 
 

scripts/add_electricity.py

@@ -290,8 +290,9 @@ def attach_wind_and_solar(n, costs, input_profiles, technologies, line_length_fa
                    p_max_pu=ds['profile'].transpose('time', 'bus').to_pandas())
 
 
-def attach_conventional_generators(n, costs, ppl, carriers):
+def attach_conventional_generators(n, costs, ppl, conventional_carriers):
 
+    carriers = conventional_carriers["technologies"]
     _add_missing_carriers_from_costs(n, costs, carriers)
 
     ppl = (ppl.query('carrier in @carriers').join(costs, on='carrier')
@@ -309,6 +310,22 @@ def attach_conventional_generators(n, costs, ppl, carriers):
            capital_cost=0)
 
     logger.warning(f'Capital costs for conventional generators put to 0 EUR/MW.')
+    
+    for k,v in conventional_carriers["energy_availability_factors"].items():
+
+        # Generators with technology affected
+        idx = n.generators.query("carrier == @k").index
+
+        if isinstance(v, float):
+            # Single value affecting all generators of technology k indiscriminantely of country
+            n.generators.loc[idx, "p_max_pu"] = v
+        elif isinstance(v, dict):
+            v = pd.Series(v)
+
+            # Values affecting generators of technology k country-specific
+            # First map generator buses to countries; then map countries to p_max_pu
+            n.generators["p_max_pu"] = n.generators.loc[idx]["bus"].replace(n.buses["country"]).replace(v)
+
 
 
 def attach_hydro(n, costs, ppl, profile_hydro, hydro_capacities, carriers, **config):
@@ -556,8 +573,7 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
 
     update_transmission_costs(n, costs, snakemake.config['lines']['length_factor'])
 
-    carriers = snakemake.config['electricity']['conventional_carriers']
-    attach_conventional_generators(n, costs, ppl, carriers)
+    attach_conventional_generators(n, costs, ppl, snakemake.config["electricity"]["conventional_carriers"])
 
     carriers = snakemake.config['renewable']
     attach_wind_and_solar(n, costs, snakemake.input, carriers, snakemake.config['lines']['length_factor'])