Merge pull request #835 from PyPSA/gas-storage
add locations, capacities and costs of existing gas storage
This commit is contained in:
Fabian Neumann
GitHub
commit
838ee4d913
@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ repos:
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- id: blackdoc
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# Formatting with "black" coding style
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- repo: https://github.com/psf/black
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- repo: https://github.com/psf/black-pre-commit-mirror
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rev: 23.12.1
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hooks:
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# Format Python files
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@ -75,6 +75,9 @@ Upcoming Release
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* Validate downloads from Zenodo using MD5 checksums. This identifies corrupted
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or incomplete downloads.
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* Add locations, capacities and costs of existing gas storage using Global
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Energy Monitor's `Europe Gas Tracker
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<https://globalenergymonitor.org/projects/europe-gas-tracker>`_.
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**Bugs and Compatibility**
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@ -85,12 +85,12 @@ if config["sector"]["gas_network"] or config["sector"]["H2_retrofit"]:
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rule build_gas_input_locations:
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input:
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lng=HTTP.remote(
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gem=HTTP.remote(
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"https://globalenergymonitor.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Europe-Gas-Tracker-2023-03-v3.xlsx",
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keep_local=True,
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),
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entry="data/gas_network/scigrid-gas/data/IGGIELGN_BorderPoints.geojson",
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production="data/gas_network/scigrid-gas/data/IGGIELGN_Productions.geojson",
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storage="data/gas_network/scigrid-gas/data/IGGIELGN_Storages.geojson",
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regions_onshore=RESOURCES
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+ "regions_onshore_elec_s{simpl}_{clusters}.geojson",
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regions_offshore=RESOURCES
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@ -169,6 +169,7 @@ if config["enable"]["retrieve"] and (
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"IGGIELGN_LNGs.geojson",
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"IGGIELGN_BorderPoints.geojson",
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"IGGIELGN_Productions.geojson",
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"IGGIELGN_Storages.geojson",
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"IGGIELGN_PipeSegments.geojson",
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]
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@ -23,11 +23,10 @@ def read_scigrid_gas(fn):
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return df
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def build_gem_lng_data(lng_fn):
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df = pd.read_excel(lng_fn[0], sheet_name="LNG terminals - data")
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def build_gem_lng_data(fn):
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df = pd.read_excel(fn[0], sheet_name="LNG terminals - data")
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df = df.set_index("ComboID")
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remove_status = ["Cancelled"]
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remove_country = ["Cyprus", "Turkey"]
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remove_terminal = ["Puerto de la Luz LNG Terminal", "Gran Canaria LNG Terminal"]
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@ -42,9 +41,50 @@ def build_gem_lng_data(lng_fn):
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return gpd.GeoDataFrame(df, geometry=geometry, crs="EPSG:4326")
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def build_gas_input_locations(lng_fn, entry_fn, prod_fn, countries):
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def build_gem_prod_data(fn):
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df = pd.read_excel(fn[0], sheet_name="Gas extraction - main")
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df = df.set_index("GEM Unit ID")
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remove_country = ["Cyprus", "Türkiye"]
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remove_fuel_type = ["oil"]
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df = df.query(
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"Status != 'shut in' \
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& 'Fuel type' != 'oil' \
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& Country != @remove_country \
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& ~Latitude.isna() \
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& ~Longitude.isna()"
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).copy()
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p = pd.read_excel(fn[0], sheet_name="Gas extraction - production")
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p = p.set_index("GEM Unit ID")
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p = p[p["Fuel description"] == "gas"]
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capacities = pd.DataFrame(index=df.index)
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for key in ["production", "production design capacity", "reserves"]:
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cap = (
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p.loc[p["Production/reserves"] == key, "Quantity (converted)"]
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.groupby("GEM Unit ID")
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.sum()
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.reindex(df.index)
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)
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# assume capacity such that 3% of reserves can be extracted per year (25% quantile)
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annualization_factor = 0.03 if key == "reserves" else 1.0
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capacities[key] = cap * annualization_factor
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df["mcm_per_year"] = (
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capacities["production"]
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.combine_first(capacities["production design capacity"])
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.combine_first(capacities["reserves"])
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)
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geometry = gpd.points_from_xy(df["Longitude"], df["Latitude"])
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return gpd.GeoDataFrame(df, geometry=geometry, crs="EPSG:4326")
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def build_gas_input_locations(gem_fn, entry_fn, sto_fn, countries):
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# LNG terminals
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lng = build_gem_lng_data(lng_fn)
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lng = build_gem_lng_data(gem_fn)
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# Entry points from outside the model scope
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entry = read_scigrid_gas(entry_fn)
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@ -55,25 +95,30 @@ def build_gas_input_locations(lng_fn, entry_fn, prod_fn, countries):
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| (entry.from_country == "NO") # malformed datapoint # entries from NO to GB
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]
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sto = read_scigrid_gas(sto_fn)
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remove_country = ["RU", "UA", "TR", "BY"]
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sto = sto.query("country_code != @remove_country")
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# production sites inside the model scope
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prod = read_scigrid_gas(prod_fn)
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prod = prod.loc[
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(prod.geometry.y > 35) & (prod.geometry.x < 30) & (prod.country_code != "DE")
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]
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prod = build_gem_prod_data(gem_fn)
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mcm_per_day_to_mw = 437.5 # MCM/day to MWh/h
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mcm_per_year_to_mw = 1.199 # MCM/year to MWh/h
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mtpa_to_mw = 1649.224 # mtpa to MWh/h
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lng["p_nom"] = lng["CapacityInMtpa"] * mtpa_to_mw
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entry["p_nom"] = entry["max_cap_from_to_M_m3_per_d"] * mcm_per_day_to_mw
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prod["p_nom"] = prod["max_supply_M_m3_per_d"] * mcm_per_day_to_mw
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mcm_to_gwh = 11.36 # MCM to GWh
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lng["capacity"] = lng["CapacityInMtpa"] * mtpa_to_mw
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entry["capacity"] = entry["max_cap_from_to_M_m3_per_d"] * mcm_per_day_to_mw
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prod["capacity"] = prod["mcm_per_year"] * mcm_per_year_to_mw
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sto["capacity"] = sto["max_cushionGas_M_m3"] * mcm_to_gwh
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lng["type"] = "lng"
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entry["type"] = "pipeline"
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prod["type"] = "production"
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sto["type"] = "storage"
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sel = ["geometry", "p_nom", "type"]
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sel = ["geometry", "capacity", "type"]
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return pd.concat([prod[sel], entry[sel], lng[sel]], ignore_index=True)
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return pd.concat([prod[sel], entry[sel], lng[sel], sto[sel]], ignore_index=True)
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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@ -83,7 +128,7 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
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snakemake = mock_snakemake(
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"build_gas_input_locations",
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simpl="",
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clusters="37",
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clusters="128",
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)
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logging.basicConfig(level=snakemake.config["logging"]["level"])
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@ -104,9 +149,9 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
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countries = regions.index.str[:2].unique().str.replace("GB", "UK")
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gas_input_locations = build_gas_input_locations(
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snakemake.input.lng,
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snakemake.input.gem,
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snakemake.input.entry,
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snakemake.input.production,
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snakemake.input.storage,
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countries,
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)
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@ -117,8 +162,8 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
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gas_input_nodes.to_file(snakemake.output.gas_input_nodes, driver="GeoJSON")
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gas_input_nodes_s = (
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gas_input_nodes.groupby(["bus", "type"])["p_nom"].sum().unstack()
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gas_input_nodes.groupby(["bus", "type"])["capacity"].sum().unstack()
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)
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gas_input_nodes_s.columns.name = "p_nom"
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gas_input_nodes_s.columns.name = "capacity"
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gas_input_nodes_s.to_csv(snakemake.output.gas_input_nodes_simplified)
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@ -454,10 +454,11 @@ def add_carrier_buses(n, carrier, nodes=None):
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n.add("Carrier", carrier)
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unit = "MWh_LHV" if carrier == "gas" else "MWh_th"
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# preliminary value for non-gas carriers to avoid zeros
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capital_cost = costs.at["gas storage", "fixed"] if carrier == "gas" else 0.02
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n.madd("Bus", nodes, location=location, carrier=carrier, unit=unit)
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# capital cost could be corrected to e.g. 0.2 EUR/kWh * annuity and O&M
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n.madd(
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"Store",
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nodes + " Store",
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@ -465,8 +466,7 @@ def add_carrier_buses(n, carrier, nodes=None):
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e_nom_extendable=True,
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e_cyclic=True,
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carrier=carrier,
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capital_cost=0.2
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* costs.at[carrier, "discount rate"], # preliminary value to avoid zeros
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capital_cost=capital_cost,
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)
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n.madd(
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@ -1162,7 +1162,7 @@ def add_storage_and_grids(n, costs):
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if options["gas_network"]:
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logger.info(
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"Add natural gas infrastructure, incl. LNG terminals, production and entry-points."
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"Add natural gas infrastructure, incl. LNG terminals, production, storage and entry-points."
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)
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if options["H2_retrofit"]:
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@ -1207,10 +1207,25 @@ def add_storage_and_grids(n, costs):
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remove_i = n.generators[gas_i & internal_i].index
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n.generators.drop(remove_i, inplace=True)
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p_nom = gas_input_nodes.sum(axis=1).rename(lambda x: x + " gas")
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input_types = ["lng", "pipeline", "production"]
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p_nom = gas_input_nodes[input_types].sum(axis=1).rename(lambda x: x + " gas")
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n.generators.loc[gas_i, "p_nom_extendable"] = False
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n.generators.loc[gas_i, "p_nom"] = p_nom
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# add existing gas storage capacity
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gas_i = n.stores.carrier == "gas"
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e_nom = (
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gas_input_nodes["storage"]
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.rename(lambda x: x + " gas Store")
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.reindex(n.stores.index)
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.fillna(0.0)
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* 1e3
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) # MWh_LHV
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e_nom.clip(
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upper=e_nom.quantile(0.98), inplace=True
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) # limit extremely large storage
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n.stores.loc[gas_i, "e_nom_min"] = e_nom
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# add candidates for new gas pipelines to achieve full connectivity
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G = nx.Graph()
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