Add basic CI for overnight and myopic (#234)
* Snakefile: add missing folders that are retrieved * Snakefile: fix syntax error * Add basic CI * fix datafiles list to work with directories * prepare: only add new gas pipes if augmentation not empty * prepare: handle case where salt caverns dataframe is empty * prepare: handle case where underwater faction not in link columns * build_biomass: handle case where Balkan not in country list * refer correct environment path * fix Snakemake call * make subworkflow dependency explicit again * hashing pypsa-eur environment file does not seem to work * change solver to glpk * add data cache * glpk without options * try cbc * alternative snakemake test workflow * test: add exogenous pathways to config
This commit is contained in:
Fabian Neumann
GitHub
parent
b6cfcf6364
commit
6ed92475c9
109
.github/workflows/ci.yaml
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109
.github/workflows/ci.yaml
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@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
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# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: : 2021 The PyPSA-Eur Authors
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#
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# SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
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name: CI
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# Caching method based on and described by:
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# epassaro (2021): https://dev.to/epassaro/caching-anaconda-environments-in-github-actions-5hde
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# and code in GitHub repo: https://github.com/epassaro/cache-conda-envs
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on:
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push:
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branches:
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- master
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pull_request:
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branches:
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- master
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schedule:
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- cron: "0 5 * * TUE"
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env:
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CONDA_CACHE_NUMBER: 1 # Change this value to manually reset the environment cache
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DATA_CACHE_NUMBER: 1
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jobs:
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build:
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strategy:
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matrix:
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include:
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# Matrix required to handle caching with Mambaforge
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- os: ubuntu-latest
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label: ubuntu-latest
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prefix: /usr/share/miniconda3/envs/pypsa-eur
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# - os: macos-latest
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# label: macos-latest
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# prefix: /Users/runner/miniconda3/envs/pypsa-eur
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# - os: windows-latest
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# label: windows-latest
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# prefix: C:\Miniconda3\envs\pypsa-eur
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name: ${{ matrix.label }}
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runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
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defaults:
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run:
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shell: bash -l {0}
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steps:
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- uses: actions/checkout@v2
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- name: Clone pypsa-eur and technology-data repositories
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run: |
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git clone https://github.com/pypsa/pypsa-eur ../pypsa-eur
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git clone https://github.com/pypsa/technology-data ../technology-data
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cp ../pypsa-eur/test/config.test1.yaml ../pypsa-eur/config.yaml
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- name: Setup secrets
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run: |
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echo -ne "url: ${CDSAPI_URL}\nkey: ${CDSAPI_TOKEN}\n" > ~/.cdsapirc
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- name: Add solver to environment
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run: |
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echo -e " - coincbc\n - ipopt<3.13.3" >> ../pypsa-eur/envs/environment.yaml
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- name: Setup Mambaforge
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uses: conda-incubator/setup-miniconda@v2
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with:
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miniforge-variant: Mambaforge
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miniforge-version: latest
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activate-environment: pypsa-eur
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use-mamba: true
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- name: Set cache dates
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run: |
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echo "DATE=$(date +'%Y%m%d')" >> $GITHUB_ENV
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echo "WEEK=$(date +'%Y%U')" >> $GITHUB_ENV
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- name: Cache data and cutouts folders
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uses: actions/cache@v3
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with:
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path: |
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data
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../pypsa-eur/cutouts
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../pypsa-eur/data
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key: data-cutouts-${{ env.WEEK }}-${{ env.DATA_CACHE_NUMBER }}
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- name: Create environment cache
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uses: actions/cache@v2
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id: cache
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with:
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path: ${{ matrix.prefix }}
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key: ${{ matrix.label }}-conda-${{ env.DATE }}-${{ env.CONDA_CACHE_NUMBER }}
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- name: Update environment due to outdated or unavailable cache
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run: mamba env update -n pypsa-eur -f ../pypsa-eur/envs/environment.yaml
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if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
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- name: Test snakemake workflow
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run: |
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conda activate pypsa-eur
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conda list
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cp test/config.overnight.yaml config.yaml
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snakemake -call solve_all_networks
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cp test/config.myopic.yaml config.yaml
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snakemake -call solve_all_networks
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26
Snakefile
26
Snakefile
@ -45,18 +45,22 @@ rule prepare_sector_networks:
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**config['scenario'])
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datafiles = [
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"eea/UNFCCC_v23.csv",
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"switzerland-sfoe/switzerland-new_format.csv",
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"nuts/NUTS_RG_10M_2013_4326_LEVL_2.geojson",
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"myb1-2017-nitro.xls",
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"Industrial_Database.csv",
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"emobility/KFZ__count",
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"emobility/Pkw__count",
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"data/eea/UNFCCC_v23.csv",
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"data/switzerland-sfoe/switzerland-new_format.csv",
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"data/nuts/NUTS_RG_10M_2013_4326_LEVL_2.geojson",
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"data/myb1-2017-nitro.xls",
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"data/Industrial_Database.csv",
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"data/emobility/KFZ__count",
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"data/emobility/Pkw__count",
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"data/h2_salt_caverns_GWh_per_sqkm.geojson",
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directory("data/eurostat-energy_balances-june_2016_edition"),
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directory("data/eurostat-energy_balances-may_2018_edition"),
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directory("data/jrc-idees-2015"),
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]
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if config.get('retrieve_sector_databundle', True):
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rule retrieve_sector_databundle:
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output: expand('data/{file}', file=datafiles)
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output: *datafiles
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log: "logs/retrieve_sector_databundle.log"
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script: 'scripts/retrieve_sector_databundle.py'
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@ -252,9 +256,9 @@ rule build_biomass_potentials:
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enspreso_biomass=HTTP.remote("https://cidportal.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ftp/jrc-opendata/ENSPRESO/ENSPRESO_BIOMASS.xlsx", keep_local=True),
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nuts2="data/nuts/NUTS_RG_10M_2013_4326_LEVL_2.geojson", # https://gisco-services.ec.europa.eu/distribution/v2/nuts/download/#nuts21
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regions_onshore=pypsaeur("resources/regions_onshore_elec_s{simpl}_{clusters}.geojson"),
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nuts3_population="../pypsa-eur/data/bundle/nama_10r_3popgdp.tsv.gz",
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swiss_cantons="../pypsa-eur/data/bundle/ch_cantons.csv",
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swiss_population="../pypsa-eur/data/bundle/je-e-21.03.02.xls",
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nuts3_population=pypsaeur("data/bundle/nama_10r_3popgdp.tsv.gz"),
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swiss_cantons=pypsaeur("data/bundle/ch_cantons.csv"),
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swiss_population=pypsaeur("data/bundle/je-e-21.03.02.xls"),
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country_shapes=pypsaeur('resources/country_shapes.geojson')
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output:
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biomass_potentials_all='resources/biomass_potentials_all_s{simpl}_{clusters}.csv',
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@ -144,7 +144,9 @@ def build_nuts2_shapes():
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nuts2 = gpd.GeoDataFrame(gpd.read_file(snakemake.input.nuts2).set_index('id').geometry)
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countries = gpd.read_file(snakemake.input.country_shapes).set_index('name')
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missing = countries.loc[["AL", "RS", "BA"]]
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missing_iso2 = countries.index.intersection(["AL", "RS", "BA"])
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missing = countries.loc[missing_iso2]
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nuts2.rename(index={"ME00": "ME", "MK00": "MK"}, inplace=True)
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return nuts2.append(missing)
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@ -252,6 +252,7 @@ def create_network_topology(n, prefix, carriers=["DC"], connector=" -> ", bidire
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ln_attrs = ["bus0", "bus1", "length"]
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lk_attrs = ["bus0", "bus1", "length", "underwater_fraction"]
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lk_attrs = n.links.columns.intersection(lk_attrs)
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candidates = pd.concat([
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n.lines[ln_attrs],
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@ -1045,18 +1046,20 @@ def add_storage_and_grids(n, costs):
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)
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cavern_types = snakemake.config["sector"]["hydrogen_underground_storage_locations"]
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h2_caverns = pd.read_csv(snakemake.input.h2_cavern, index_col=0)[cavern_types].sum(axis=1)
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h2_caverns = pd.read_csv(snakemake.input.h2_cavern, index_col=0)
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# only use sites with at least 2 TWh potential
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h2_caverns = h2_caverns[h2_caverns > 2]
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if not h2_caverns.empty and options['hydrogen_underground_storage']:
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# convert TWh to MWh
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h2_caverns = h2_caverns * 1e6
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h2_caverns = h2_caverns[cavern_types].sum(axis=1)
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# clip at 1000 TWh for one location
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h2_caverns.clip(upper=1e9, inplace=True)
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# only use sites with at least 2 TWh potential
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h2_caverns = h2_caverns[h2_caverns > 2]
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if options['hydrogen_underground_storage']:
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# convert TWh to MWh
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h2_caverns = h2_caverns * 1e6
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# clip at 1000 TWh for one location
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h2_caverns.clip(upper=1e9, inplace=True)
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logger.info("Add hydrogen underground storage")
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@ -1155,23 +1158,26 @@ def add_storage_and_grids(n, costs):
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# apply k_edge_augmentation weighted by length of complement edges
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k_edge = options.get("gas_network_connectivity_upgrade", 3)
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augmentation = k_edge_augmentation(G, k_edge, avail=complement_edges.values)
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new_gas_pipes = pd.DataFrame(augmentation, columns=["bus0", "bus1"])
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new_gas_pipes["length"] = new_gas_pipes.apply(haversine, axis=1)
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new_gas_pipes.index = new_gas_pipes.apply(
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lambda x: f"gas pipeline new {x.bus0} <-> {x.bus1}", axis=1)
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if list(augmentation):
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n.madd("Link",
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new_gas_pipes.index,
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bus0=new_gas_pipes.bus0 + " gas",
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bus1=new_gas_pipes.bus1 + " gas",
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p_min_pu=-1, # new gas pipes are bidirectional
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p_nom_extendable=True,
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length=new_gas_pipes.length,
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capital_cost=new_gas_pipes.length * costs.at['CH4 (g) pipeline', 'fixed'],
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carrier="gas pipeline new",
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lifetime=costs.at['CH4 (g) pipeline', 'lifetime']
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)
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new_gas_pipes = pd.DataFrame(augmentation, columns=["bus0", "bus1"])
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new_gas_pipes["length"] = new_gas_pipes.apply(haversine, axis=1)
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new_gas_pipes.index = new_gas_pipes.apply(
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lambda x: f"gas pipeline new {x.bus0} <-> {x.bus1}", axis=1)
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n.madd("Link",
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new_gas_pipes.index,
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bus0=new_gas_pipes.bus0 + " gas",
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bus1=new_gas_pipes.bus1 + " gas",
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p_min_pu=-1, # new gas pipes are bidirectional
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p_nom_extendable=True,
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length=new_gas_pipes.length,
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capital_cost=new_gas_pipes.length * costs.at['CH4 (g) pipeline', 'fixed'],
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carrier="gas pipeline new",
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lifetime=costs.at['CH4 (g) pipeline', 'lifetime']
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)
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if options["H2_retrofit"]:
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607
test/config.myopic.yaml
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607
test/config.myopic.yaml
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@ -0,0 +1,607 @@
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version: 0.6.0
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logging_level: INFO
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retrieve_sector_databundle: true
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results_dir: results/
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summary_dir: results
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costs_dir: ../technology-data/outputs/
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run: test-myopic # use this to keep track of runs with different settings
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foresight: myopic # options are overnight, myopic, perfect (perfect is not yet implemented)
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# if you use myopic or perfect foresight, set the investment years in "planning_horizons" below
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scenario:
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simpl: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur
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- ''
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lv: # allowed transmission line volume expansion, can be any float >= 1.0 (today) or "opt"
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- 1.5
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clusters: # number of nodes in Europe, any integer between 37 (1 node per country-zone) and several hundred
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- 5
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opts: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur
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- ''
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sector_opts: # this is where the main scenario settings are
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- 191H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-dist1
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# to really understand the options here, look in scripts/prepare_sector_network.py
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# Co2Lx specifies the CO2 target in x% of the 1990 values; default will give default (5%);
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# Co2L0p25 will give 25% CO2 emissions; Co2Lm0p05 will give 5% negative emissions
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# xH is the temporal resolution; 3H is 3-hourly, i.e. one snapshot every 3 hours
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# single letters are sectors: T for land transport, H for building heating,
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# B for biomass supply, I for industry, shipping and aviation,
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# A for agriculture, forestry and fishing
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# solar+c0.5 reduces the capital cost of solar to 50\% of reference value
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# solar+p3 multiplies the available installable potential by factor 3
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# co2 stored+e2 multiplies the potential of CO2 sequestration by a factor 2
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# dist{n} includes distribution grids with investment cost of n times cost in data/costs.csv
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# for myopic/perfect foresight cb states the carbon budget in GtCO2 (cumulative
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# emissions throughout the transition path in the timeframe determined by the
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# planning_horizons), be:beta decay; ex:exponential decay
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# cb40ex0 distributes a carbon budget of 40 GtCO2 following an exponential
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# decay with initial growth rate 0
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planning_horizons: # investment years for myopic and perfect; or costs year for overnight
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- 2030
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- 2040
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- 2050
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# for example, set to [2020, 2030, 2040, 2050] for myopic foresight
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# CO2 budget as a fraction of 1990 emissions
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# this is over-ridden if CO2Lx is set in sector_opts
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# this is also over-ridden if cb is set in sector_opts
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co2_budget:
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2020: 0.7011648746
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2025: 0.5241935484
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2030: 0.2970430108
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2035: 0.1500896057
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2040: 0.0712365591
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2045: 0.0322580645
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2050: 0
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# snapshots are originally set in PyPSA-Eur/config.yaml but used again by PyPSA-Eur-Sec
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snapshots:
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# arguments to pd.date_range
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start: "2013-03-01"
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end: "2013-04-01"
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closed: left # end is not inclusive
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atlite:
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cutout: ../pypsa-eur/cutouts/be-03-2013-era5.nc
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# this information is NOT used but needed as an argument for
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# pypsa-eur/scripts/add_electricity.py/load_costs in make_summary.py
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electricity:
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max_hours:
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battery: 6
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H2: 168
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# regulate what components with which carriers are kept from PyPSA-Eur;
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# some technologies are removed because they are implemented differently
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# (e.g. battery or H2 storage) or have different year-dependent costs
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# in PyPSA-Eur-Sec
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pypsa_eur:
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Bus:
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- AC
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Link:
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- DC
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Generator:
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- onwind
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- offwind-ac
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- offwind-dc
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- solar
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- ror
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StorageUnit:
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- PHS
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- hydro
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Store: []
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energy:
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energy_totals_year: 2011
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base_emissions_year: 1990
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eurostat_report_year: 2016
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emissions: CO2 # "CO2" or "All greenhouse gases - (CO2 equivalent)"
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biomass:
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year: 2030
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scenario: ENS_Med
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classes:
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solid biomass:
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- Agricultural waste
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- Fuelwood residues
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- Secondary Forestry residues - woodchips
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- Sawdust
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- Residues from landscape care
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- Municipal waste
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not included:
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- Sugar from sugar beet
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- Rape seed
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- "Sunflower, soya seed "
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- Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye
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- Miscanthus, switchgrass, RCG
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- Willow
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- Poplar
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- FuelwoodRW
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- C&P_RW
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biogas:
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- Manure solid, liquid
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- Sludge
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solar_thermal:
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clearsky_model: simple # should be "simple" or "enhanced"?
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orientation:
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slope: 45.
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azimuth: 180.
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# only relevant for foresight = myopic or perfect
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existing_capacities:
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grouping_years: [1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2019]
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threshold_capacity: 10
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conventional_carriers:
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- lignite
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- coal
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- oil
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- uranium
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sector:
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district_heating:
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potential: 0.6 # maximum fraction of urban demand which can be supplied by district heating
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# increase of today's district heating demand to potential maximum district heating share
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# progress = 0 means today's district heating share, progress = 1 means maximum fraction of urban demand is supplied by district heating
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progress:
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2020: 0.0
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2030: 0.3
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2040: 0.6
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2050: 1.0
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district_heating_loss: 0.15
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bev_dsm_restriction_value: 0.75 #Set to 0 for no restriction on BEV DSM
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bev_dsm_restriction_time: 7 #Time at which SOC of BEV has to be dsm_restriction_value
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transport_heating_deadband_upper: 20.
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transport_heating_deadband_lower: 15.
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ICE_lower_degree_factor: 0.375 #in per cent increase in fuel consumption per degree above deadband
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ICE_upper_degree_factor: 1.6
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EV_lower_degree_factor: 0.98
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EV_upper_degree_factor: 0.63
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bev_dsm: true #turns on EV battery
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bev_availability: 0.5 #How many cars do smart charging
|
||||
bev_energy: 0.05 #average battery size in MWh
|
||||
bev_charge_efficiency: 0.9 #BEV (dis-)charging efficiency
|
||||
bev_plug_to_wheel_efficiency: 0.2 #kWh/km from EPA https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/ for Tesla Model S
|
||||
bev_charge_rate: 0.011 #3-phase charger with 11 kW
|
||||
bev_avail_max: 0.95
|
||||
bev_avail_mean: 0.8
|
||||
v2g: true #allows feed-in to grid from EV battery
|
||||
#what is not EV or FCEV is oil-fuelled ICE
|
||||
land_transport_fuel_cell_share:
|
||||
2020: 0
|
||||
2030: 0.05
|
||||
2040: 0.1
|
||||
2050: 0.15
|
||||
land_transport_electric_share:
|
||||
2020: 0
|
||||
2030: 0.25
|
||||
2040: 0.6
|
||||
2050: 0.85
|
||||
transport_fuel_cell_efficiency: 0.5
|
||||
transport_internal_combustion_efficiency: 0.3
|
||||
agriculture_machinery_electric_share: 0
|
||||
agriculture_machinery_fuel_efficiency: 0.7 # fuel oil per use
|
||||
agriculture_machinery_electric_efficiency: 0.3 # electricity per use
|
||||
shipping_average_efficiency: 0.4 #For conversion of fuel oil to propulsion in 2011
|
||||
shipping_hydrogen_liquefaction: false # whether to consider liquefaction costs for shipping H2 demands
|
||||
shipping_hydrogen_share:
|
||||
2020: 0
|
||||
2025: 0
|
||||
2030: 0.05
|
||||
2035: 0.15
|
||||
2040: 0.3
|
||||
2045: 0.6
|
||||
2050: 1
|
||||
time_dep_hp_cop: true #time dependent heat pump coefficient of performance
|
||||
heat_pump_sink_T: 55. # Celsius, based on DTU / large area radiators; used in build_cop_profiles.py
|
||||
# conservatively high to cover hot water and space heating in poorly-insulated buildings
|
||||
reduce_space_heat_exogenously: true # reduces space heat demand by a given factor (applied before losses in DH)
|
||||
# this can represent e.g. building renovation, building demolition, or if
|
||||
# the factor is negative: increasing floor area, increased thermal comfort, population growth
|
||||
reduce_space_heat_exogenously_factor: # 0.29 # per unit reduction in space heat demand
|
||||
# the default factors are determined by the LTS scenario from http://tool.european-calculator.eu/app/buildings/building-types-area/?levers=1ddd4444421213bdbbbddd44444ffffff11f411111221111211l212221
|
||||
2020: 0.10 # this results in a space heat demand reduction of 10%
|
||||
2025: 0.09 # first heat demand increases compared to 2020 because of larger floor area per capita
|
||||
2030: 0.09
|
||||
2035: 0.11
|
||||
2040: 0.16
|
||||
2045: 0.21
|
||||
2050: 0.29
|
||||
retrofitting : # co-optimises building renovation to reduce space heat demand
|
||||
retro_endogen: false # co-optimise space heat savings
|
||||
cost_factor: 1.0 # weight costs for building renovation
|
||||
interest_rate: 0.04 # for investment in building components
|
||||
annualise_cost: true # annualise the investment costs
|
||||
tax_weighting: false # weight costs depending on taxes in countries
|
||||
construction_index: true # weight costs depending on labour/material costs per country
|
||||
tes: true
|
||||
tes_tau: # 180 day time constant for centralised, 3 day for decentralised
|
||||
decentral: 3
|
||||
central: 180
|
||||
boilers: true
|
||||
oil_boilers: false
|
||||
chp: true
|
||||
micro_chp: false
|
||||
solar_thermal: true
|
||||
solar_cf_correction: 0.788457 # = >>> 1/1.2683
|
||||
marginal_cost_storage: 0. #1e-4
|
||||
methanation: true
|
||||
helmeth: true
|
||||
dac: true
|
||||
co2_vent: true
|
||||
SMR: true
|
||||
co2_sequestration_potential: 200 #MtCO2/a sequestration potential for Europe
|
||||
co2_sequestration_cost: 10 #EUR/tCO2 for sequestration of CO2
|
||||
co2_network: false
|
||||
cc_fraction: 0.9 # default fraction of CO2 captured with post-combustion capture
|
||||
hydrogen_underground_storage: true
|
||||
hydrogen_underground_storage_locations:
|
||||
# - onshore # more than 50 km from sea
|
||||
- nearshore # within 50 km of sea
|
||||
# - offshore
|
||||
use_fischer_tropsch_waste_heat: true
|
||||
use_fuel_cell_waste_heat: true
|
||||
electricity_distribution_grid: true
|
||||
electricity_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv
|
||||
electricity_grid_connection: true # only applies to onshore wind and utility PV
|
||||
H2_network: true
|
||||
gas_network: false
|
||||
H2_retrofit: false # if set to True existing gas pipes can be retrofitted to H2 pipes
|
||||
# according to hydrogen backbone strategy (April, 2020) p.15
|
||||
# https://gasforclimate2050.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020_European-Hydrogen-Backbone_Report.pdf
|
||||
# 60% of original natural gas capacity could be used in cost-optimal case as H2 capacity
|
||||
H2_retrofit_capacity_per_CH4: 0.6 # ratio for H2 capacity per original CH4 capacity of retrofitted pipelines
|
||||
gas_network_connectivity_upgrade: 1 # https://networkx.org/documentation/stable/reference/algorithms/generated/networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation.html#networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation
|
||||
gas_distribution_grid: true
|
||||
gas_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv
|
||||
biomass_transport: false # biomass transport between nodes
|
||||
conventional_generation: # generator : carrier
|
||||
OCGT: gas
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
industry:
|
||||
St_primary_fraction: # 0.3 # fraction of steel produced via primary route versus secondary route (scrap+EAF); today fraction is 0.6
|
||||
2020: 0.6
|
||||
2025: 0.55
|
||||
2030: 0.5
|
||||
2035: 0.45
|
||||
2040: 0.4
|
||||
2045: 0.35
|
||||
2050: 0.3
|
||||
DRI_fraction: # 1 # fraction of the primary route converted to DRI + EAF
|
||||
2020: 0
|
||||
2025: 0
|
||||
2030: 0.05
|
||||
2035: 0.2
|
||||
2040: 0.4
|
||||
2045: 0.7
|
||||
2050: 1
|
||||
H2_DRI: 1.7 #H2 consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI), MWh_H2,LHV/ton_Steel from 51kgH2/tSt in Vogl et al (2018) doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.279
|
||||
elec_DRI: 0.322 #electricity consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) shaft, MWh/tSt HYBRIT brochure https://ssabwebsitecdn.azureedge.net/-/media/hybrit/files/hybrit_brochure.pdf
|
||||
Al_primary_fraction: # 0.2 # fraction of aluminium produced via the primary route versus scrap; today fraction is 0.4
|
||||
2020: 0.4
|
||||
2025: 0.375
|
||||
2030: 0.35
|
||||
2035: 0.325
|
||||
2040: 0.3
|
||||
2045: 0.25
|
||||
2050: 0.2
|
||||
MWh_CH4_per_tNH3_SMR: 10.8 # 2012's demand from https://ec.europa.eu/docsroom/documents/4165/attachments/1/translations/en/renditions/pdf
|
||||
MWh_elec_per_tNH3_SMR: 0.7 # same source, assuming 94-6% split methane-elec of total energy demand 11.5 MWh/tNH3
|
||||
MWh_H2_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 6.5 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017, around 0.197 tH2/tHN3 (>3/17 since some H2 lost and used for energy)
|
||||
MWh_elec_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 1.17 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017 Table 13 (air separation and HB)
|
||||
NH3_process_emissions: 24.5 # in MtCO2/a from SMR for H2 production for NH3 from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28
|
||||
petrochemical_process_emissions: 25.5 # in MtCO2/a for petrochemical and other from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28
|
||||
HVC_primary_fraction: 1. # fraction of today's HVC produced via primary route
|
||||
HVC_mechanical_recycling_fraction: 0. # fraction of today's HVC produced via mechanical recycling
|
||||
HVC_chemical_recycling_fraction: 0. # fraction of today's HVC produced via chemical recycling
|
||||
HVC_production_today: 52. # MtHVC/a from DECHEMA (2017), Figure 16, page 107; includes ethylene, propylene and BTX
|
||||
MWh_elec_per_tHVC_mechanical_recycling: 0.547 # from SI of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105010, Table S5, for HDPE, PP, PS, PET. LDPE would be 0.756.
|
||||
MWh_elec_per_tHVC_chemical_recycling: 6.9 # Material Economics (2019), page 125; based on pyrolysis and electric steam cracking
|
||||
chlorine_production_today: 9.58 # MtCl/a from DECHEMA (2017), Table 7, page 43
|
||||
MWh_elec_per_tCl: 3.6 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 6, page 43
|
||||
MWh_H2_per_tCl: -0.9372 # DECHEMA (2017), page 43; negative since hydrogen produced in chloralkali process
|
||||
methanol_production_today: 1.5 # MtMeOH/a from DECHEMA (2017), page 62
|
||||
MWh_elec_per_tMeOH: 0.167 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65
|
||||
MWh_CH4_per_tMeOH: 10.25 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65
|
||||
hotmaps_locate_missing: false
|
||||
reference_year: 2015
|
||||
# references:
|
||||
# DECHEMA (2017): https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry-p-20002750.pdf
|
||||
# Material Economics (2019): https://materialeconomics.com/latest-updates/industrial-transformation-2050
|
||||
|
||||
costs:
|
||||
lifetime: 25 #default lifetime
|
||||
# From a Lion Hirth paper, also reflects average of Noothout et al 2016
|
||||
discountrate: 0.07
|
||||
# [EUR/USD] ECB: https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/exchange/eurofxref/html/eurofxref-graph-usd.en.html # noqa: E501
|
||||
USD2013_to_EUR2013: 0.7532
|
||||
|
||||
# Marginal and capital costs can be overwritten
|
||||
# capital_cost:
|
||||
# onwind: 500
|
||||
marginal_cost:
|
||||
solar: 0.01
|
||||
onwind: 0.015
|
||||
offwind: 0.015
|
||||
hydro: 0.
|
||||
H2: 0.
|
||||
battery: 0.
|
||||
|
||||
emission_prices: # only used with the option Ep (emission prices)
|
||||
co2: 0.
|
||||
|
||||
lines:
|
||||
length_factor: 1.25 #to estimate offwind connection costs
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
solving:
|
||||
#tmpdir: "path/to/tmp"
|
||||
options:
|
||||
formulation: kirchhoff
|
||||
clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2
|
||||
load_shedding: false
|
||||
noisy_costs: true
|
||||
skip_iterations: true
|
||||
track_iterations: false
|
||||
min_iterations: 4
|
||||
max_iterations: 6
|
||||
keep_shadowprices:
|
||||
- Bus
|
||||
- Line
|
||||
- Link
|
||||
- Transformer
|
||||
- GlobalConstraint
|
||||
- Generator
|
||||
- Store
|
||||
- StorageUnit
|
||||
|
||||
solver:
|
||||
name: cbc
|
||||
# threads: 4
|
||||
# method: 2 # barrier
|
||||
# crossover: 0
|
||||
# BarConvTol: 1.e-6
|
||||
# Seed: 123
|
||||
# AggFill: 0
|
||||
# PreDual: 0
|
||||
# GURO_PAR_BARDENSETHRESH: 200
|
||||
#FeasibilityTol: 1.e-6
|
||||
|
||||
#name: cplex
|
||||
#threads: 4
|
||||
#lpmethod: 4 # barrier
|
||||
#solutiontype: 2 # non basic solution, ie no crossover
|
||||
#barrier_convergetol: 1.e-5
|
||||
#feasopt_tolerance: 1.e-6
|
||||
mem: 4000 #memory in MB; 20 GB enough for 50+B+I+H2; 100 GB for 181+B+I+H2
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
plotting:
|
||||
map:
|
||||
boundaries: [-11, 30, 34, 71]
|
||||
color_geomap:
|
||||
ocean: white
|
||||
land: whitesmoke
|
||||
costs_max: 1000
|
||||
costs_threshold: 1
|
||||
energy_max: 20000
|
||||
energy_min: -20000
|
||||
energy_threshold: 50
|
||||
vre_techs:
|
||||
- onwind
|
||||
- offwind-ac
|
||||
- offwind-dc
|
||||
- solar
|
||||
- ror
|
||||
renewable_storage_techs:
|
||||
- PHS
|
||||
- hydro
|
||||
conv_techs:
|
||||
- OCGT
|
||||
- CCGT
|
||||
- Nuclear
|
||||
- Coal
|
||||
storage_techs:
|
||||
- hydro+PHS
|
||||
- battery
|
||||
- H2
|
||||
load_carriers:
|
||||
- AC load
|
||||
AC_carriers:
|
||||
- AC line
|
||||
- AC transformer
|
||||
link_carriers:
|
||||
- DC line
|
||||
- Converter AC-DC
|
||||
heat_links:
|
||||
- heat pump
|
||||
- resistive heater
|
||||
- CHP heat
|
||||
- CHP electric
|
||||
- gas boiler
|
||||
- central heat pump
|
||||
- central resistive heater
|
||||
- central CHP heat
|
||||
- central CHP electric
|
||||
- central gas boiler
|
||||
heat_generators:
|
||||
- gas boiler
|
||||
- central gas boiler
|
||||
- solar thermal collector
|
||||
- central solar thermal collector
|
||||
tech_colors:
|
||||
# wind
|
||||
onwind: "#235ebc"
|
||||
onshore wind: "#235ebc"
|
||||
offwind: "#6895dd"
|
||||
offshore wind: "#6895dd"
|
||||
offwind-ac: "#6895dd"
|
||||
offshore wind (AC): "#6895dd"
|
||||
offwind-dc: "#74c6f2"
|
||||
offshore wind (DC): "#74c6f2"
|
||||
# water
|
||||
hydro: '#298c81'
|
||||
hydro reservoir: '#298c81'
|
||||
ror: '#3dbfb0'
|
||||
run of river: '#3dbfb0'
|
||||
hydroelectricity: '#298c81'
|
||||
PHS: '#51dbcc'
|
||||
wave: '#a7d4cf'
|
||||
# solar
|
||||
solar: "#f9d002"
|
||||
solar PV: "#f9d002"
|
||||
solar thermal: '#ffbf2b'
|
||||
solar rooftop: '#ffea80'
|
||||
# gas
|
||||
OCGT: '#e0986c'
|
||||
OCGT marginal: '#e0986c'
|
||||
OCGT-heat: '#e0986c'
|
||||
gas boiler: '#db6a25'
|
||||
gas boilers: '#db6a25'
|
||||
gas boiler marginal: '#db6a25'
|
||||
gas: '#e05b09'
|
||||
fossil gas: '#e05b09'
|
||||
natural gas: '#e05b09'
|
||||
CCGT: '#a85522'
|
||||
CCGT marginal: '#a85522'
|
||||
gas for industry co2 to atmosphere: '#692e0a'
|
||||
gas for industry co2 to stored: '#8a3400'
|
||||
gas for industry: '#853403'
|
||||
gas for industry CC: '#692e0a'
|
||||
gas pipeline: '#ebbca0'
|
||||
gas pipeline new: '#a87c62'
|
||||
# oil
|
||||
oil: '#c9c9c9'
|
||||
oil boiler: '#adadad'
|
||||
agriculture machinery oil: '#949494'
|
||||
shipping oil: "#808080"
|
||||
land transport oil: '#afafaf'
|
||||
# nuclear
|
||||
Nuclear: '#ff8c00'
|
||||
Nuclear marginal: '#ff8c00'
|
||||
nuclear: '#ff8c00'
|
||||
uranium: '#ff8c00'
|
||||
# coal
|
||||
Coal: '#545454'
|
||||
coal: '#545454'
|
||||
Coal marginal: '#545454'
|
||||
solid: '#545454'
|
||||
Lignite: '#826837'
|
||||
lignite: '#826837'
|
||||
Lignite marginal: '#826837'
|
||||
# biomass
|
||||
biogas: '#e3d37d'
|
||||
biomass: '#baa741'
|
||||
solid biomass: '#baa741'
|
||||
solid biomass transport: '#baa741'
|
||||
solid biomass for industry: '#7a6d26'
|
||||
solid biomass for industry CC: '#47411c'
|
||||
solid biomass for industry co2 from atmosphere: '#736412'
|
||||
solid biomass for industry co2 to stored: '#47411c'
|
||||
# power transmission
|
||||
lines: '#6c9459'
|
||||
transmission lines: '#6c9459'
|
||||
electricity distribution grid: '#97ad8c'
|
||||
# electricity demand
|
||||
Electric load: '#110d63'
|
||||
electric demand: '#110d63'
|
||||
electricity: '#110d63'
|
||||
industry electricity: '#2d2a66'
|
||||
industry new electricity: '#2d2a66'
|
||||
agriculture electricity: '#494778'
|
||||
# battery + EVs
|
||||
battery: '#ace37f'
|
||||
battery storage: '#ace37f'
|
||||
home battery: '#80c944'
|
||||
home battery storage: '#80c944'
|
||||
BEV charger: '#baf238'
|
||||
V2G: '#e5ffa8'
|
||||
land transport EV: '#baf238'
|
||||
Li ion: '#baf238'
|
||||
# hot water storage
|
||||
water tanks: '#e69487'
|
||||
hot water storage: '#e69487'
|
||||
hot water charging: '#e69487'
|
||||
hot water discharging: '#e69487'
|
||||
# heat demand
|
||||
Heat load: '#cc1f1f'
|
||||
heat: '#cc1f1f'
|
||||
heat demand: '#cc1f1f'
|
||||
rural heat: '#ff5c5c'
|
||||
central heat: '#cc1f1f'
|
||||
decentral heat: '#750606'
|
||||
low-temperature heat for industry: '#8f2727'
|
||||
process heat: '#ff0000'
|
||||
agriculture heat: '#d9a5a5'
|
||||
# heat supply
|
||||
heat pumps: '#2fb537'
|
||||
heat pump: '#2fb537'
|
||||
air heat pump: '#36eb41'
|
||||
ground heat pump: '#2fb537'
|
||||
Ambient: '#98eb9d'
|
||||
CHP: '#8a5751'
|
||||
CHP CC: '#634643'
|
||||
CHP heat: '#8a5751'
|
||||
CHP electric: '#8a5751'
|
||||
district heating: '#e8beac'
|
||||
resistive heater: '#d8f9b8'
|
||||
retrofitting: '#8487e8'
|
||||
building retrofitting: '#8487e8'
|
||||
# hydrogen
|
||||
H2 for industry: "#f073da"
|
||||
H2 for shipping: "#ebaee0"
|
||||
H2: '#bf13a0'
|
||||
hydrogen: '#bf13a0'
|
||||
SMR: '#870c71'
|
||||
SMR CC: '#4f1745'
|
||||
H2 liquefaction: '#d647bd'
|
||||
hydrogen storage: '#bf13a0'
|
||||
H2 storage: '#bf13a0'
|
||||
land transport fuel cell: '#6b3161'
|
||||
H2 pipeline: '#f081dc'
|
||||
H2 pipeline retrofitted: '#ba99b5'
|
||||
H2 Fuel Cell: '#c251ae'
|
||||
H2 Electrolysis: '#ff29d9'
|
||||
# syngas
|
||||
Sabatier: '#9850ad'
|
||||
methanation: '#c44ce6'
|
||||
methane: '#c44ce6'
|
||||
helmeth: '#e899ff'
|
||||
# synfuels
|
||||
Fischer-Tropsch: '#25c49a'
|
||||
liquid: '#25c49a'
|
||||
kerosene for aviation: '#a1ffe6'
|
||||
naphtha for industry: '#57ebc4'
|
||||
# co2
|
||||
CC: '#f29dae'
|
||||
CCS: '#f29dae'
|
||||
CO2 sequestration: '#f29dae'
|
||||
DAC: '#ff5270'
|
||||
co2 stored: '#f2385a'
|
||||
co2: '#f29dae'
|
||||
co2 vent: '#ffd4dc'
|
||||
CO2 pipeline: '#f5627f'
|
||||
# emissions
|
||||
process emissions CC: '#000000'
|
||||
process emissions: '#222222'
|
||||
process emissions to stored: '#444444'
|
||||
process emissions to atmosphere: '#888888'
|
||||
oil emissions: '#aaaaaa'
|
||||
shipping oil emissions: "#555555"
|
||||
land transport oil emissions: '#777777'
|
||||
agriculture machinery oil emissions: '#333333'
|
||||
# other
|
||||
shipping: '#03a2ff'
|
||||
power-to-heat: '#2fb537'
|
||||
power-to-gas: '#c44ce6'
|
||||
power-to-H2: '#ff29d9'
|
||||
power-to-liquid: '#25c49a'
|
||||
gas-to-power/heat: '#ee8340'
|
||||
waste: '#e3d37d'
|
||||
other: '#000000'
|
||||
605
test/config.overnight.yaml
Normal file
605
test/config.overnight.yaml
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,605 @@
|
||||
version: 0.6.0
|
||||
|
||||
logging_level: INFO
|
||||
|
||||
retrieve_sector_databundle: true
|
||||
|
||||
results_dir: results/
|
||||
summary_dir: results
|
||||
costs_dir: ../technology-data/outputs/
|
||||
run: test-overnight # use this to keep track of runs with different settings
|
||||
foresight: overnight # options are overnight, myopic, perfect (perfect is not yet implemented)
|
||||
# if you use myopic or perfect foresight, set the investment years in "planning_horizons" below
|
||||
|
||||
scenario:
|
||||
simpl: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur
|
||||
- ''
|
||||
lv: # allowed transmission line volume expansion, can be any float >= 1.0 (today) or "opt"
|
||||
- 1.5
|
||||
clusters: # number of nodes in Europe, any integer between 37 (1 node per country-zone) and several hundred
|
||||
- 5
|
||||
opts: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur
|
||||
- ''
|
||||
sector_opts: # this is where the main scenario settings are
|
||||
- CO2L0-191H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-dist1
|
||||
# to really understand the options here, look in scripts/prepare_sector_network.py
|
||||
# Co2Lx specifies the CO2 target in x% of the 1990 values; default will give default (5%);
|
||||
# Co2L0p25 will give 25% CO2 emissions; Co2Lm0p05 will give 5% negative emissions
|
||||
# xH is the temporal resolution; 3H is 3-hourly, i.e. one snapshot every 3 hours
|
||||
# single letters are sectors: T for land transport, H for building heating,
|
||||
# B for biomass supply, I for industry, shipping and aviation,
|
||||
# A for agriculture, forestry and fishing
|
||||
# solar+c0.5 reduces the capital cost of solar to 50\% of reference value
|
||||
# solar+p3 multiplies the available installable potential by factor 3
|
||||
# co2 stored+e2 multiplies the potential of CO2 sequestration by a factor 2
|
||||
# dist{n} includes distribution grids with investment cost of n times cost in data/costs.csv
|
||||
# for myopic/perfect foresight cb states the carbon budget in GtCO2 (cumulative
|
||||
# emissions throughout the transition path in the timeframe determined by the
|
||||
# planning_horizons), be:beta decay; ex:exponential decay
|
||||
# cb40ex0 distributes a carbon budget of 40 GtCO2 following an exponential
|
||||
# decay with initial growth rate 0
|
||||
planning_horizons: # investment years for myopic and perfect; or costs year for overnight
|
||||
- 2030
|
||||
# for example, set to [2020, 2030, 2040, 2050] for myopic foresight
|
||||
|
||||
# CO2 budget as a fraction of 1990 emissions
|
||||
# this is over-ridden if CO2Lx is set in sector_opts
|
||||
# this is also over-ridden if cb is set in sector_opts
|
||||
co2_budget:
|
||||
2020: 0.7011648746
|
||||
2025: 0.5241935484
|
||||
2030: 0.2970430108
|
||||
2035: 0.1500896057
|
||||
2040: 0.0712365591
|
||||
2045: 0.0322580645
|
||||
2050: 0
|
||||
|
||||
# snapshots are originally set in PyPSA-Eur/config.yaml but used again by PyPSA-Eur-Sec
|
||||
snapshots:
|
||||
# arguments to pd.date_range
|
||||
start: "2013-03-01"
|
||||
end: "2013-04-01"
|
||||
closed: left # end is not inclusive
|
||||
|
||||
atlite:
|
||||
cutout: ../pypsa-eur/cutouts/be-03-2013-era5.nc
|
||||
|
||||
# this information is NOT used but needed as an argument for
|
||||
# pypsa-eur/scripts/add_electricity.py/load_costs in make_summary.py
|
||||
electricity:
|
||||
max_hours:
|
||||
battery: 6
|
||||
H2: 168
|
||||
|
||||
# regulate what components with which carriers are kept from PyPSA-Eur;
|
||||
# some technologies are removed because they are implemented differently
|
||||
# (e.g. battery or H2 storage) or have different year-dependent costs
|
||||
# in PyPSA-Eur-Sec
|
||||
pypsa_eur:
|
||||
Bus:
|
||||
- AC
|
||||
Link:
|
||||
- DC
|
||||
Generator:
|
||||
- onwind
|
||||
- offwind-ac
|
||||
- offwind-dc
|
||||
- solar
|
||||
- ror
|
||||
StorageUnit:
|
||||
- PHS
|
||||
- hydro
|
||||
Store: []
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
energy:
|
||||
energy_totals_year: 2011
|
||||
base_emissions_year: 1990
|
||||
eurostat_report_year: 2016
|
||||
emissions: CO2 # "CO2" or "All greenhouse gases - (CO2 equivalent)"
|
||||
|
||||
biomass:
|
||||
year: 2030
|
||||
scenario: ENS_Med
|
||||
classes:
|
||||
solid biomass:
|
||||
- Agricultural waste
|
||||
- Fuelwood residues
|
||||
- Secondary Forestry residues - woodchips
|
||||
- Sawdust
|
||||
- Residues from landscape care
|
||||
- Municipal waste
|
||||
not included:
|
||||
- Sugar from sugar beet
|
||||
- Rape seed
|
||||
- "Sunflower, soya seed "
|
||||
- Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye
|
||||
- Miscanthus, switchgrass, RCG
|
||||
- Willow
|
||||
- Poplar
|
||||
- FuelwoodRW
|
||||
- C&P_RW
|
||||
biogas:
|
||||
- Manure solid, liquid
|
||||
- Sludge
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
solar_thermal:
|
||||
clearsky_model: simple # should be "simple" or "enhanced"?
|
||||
orientation:
|
||||
slope: 45.
|
||||
azimuth: 180.
|
||||
|
||||
# only relevant for foresight = myopic or perfect
|
||||
existing_capacities:
|
||||
grouping_years: [1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2019]
|
||||
threshold_capacity: 10
|
||||
conventional_carriers:
|
||||
- lignite
|
||||
- coal
|
||||
- oil
|
||||
- uranium
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
sector:
|
||||
district_heating:
|
||||
potential: 0.6 # maximum fraction of urban demand which can be supplied by district heating
|
||||
# increase of today's district heating demand to potential maximum district heating share
|
||||
# progress = 0 means today's district heating share, progress = 1 means maximum fraction of urban demand is supplied by district heating
|
||||
progress: 1
|
||||
# 2020: 0.0
|
||||
# 2030: 0.3
|
||||
# 2040: 0.6
|
||||
# 2050: 1.0
|
||||
district_heating_loss: 0.15
|
||||
bev_dsm_restriction_value: 0.75 #Set to 0 for no restriction on BEV DSM
|
||||
bev_dsm_restriction_time: 7 #Time at which SOC of BEV has to be dsm_restriction_value
|
||||
transport_heating_deadband_upper: 20.
|
||||
transport_heating_deadband_lower: 15.
|
||||
ICE_lower_degree_factor: 0.375 #in per cent increase in fuel consumption per degree above deadband
|
||||
ICE_upper_degree_factor: 1.6
|
||||
EV_lower_degree_factor: 0.98
|
||||
EV_upper_degree_factor: 0.63
|
||||
bev_dsm: true #turns on EV battery
|
||||
bev_availability: 0.5 #How many cars do smart charging
|
||||
bev_energy: 0.05 #average battery size in MWh
|
||||
bev_charge_efficiency: 0.9 #BEV (dis-)charging efficiency
|
||||
bev_plug_to_wheel_efficiency: 0.2 #kWh/km from EPA https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/ for Tesla Model S
|
||||
bev_charge_rate: 0.011 #3-phase charger with 11 kW
|
||||
bev_avail_max: 0.95
|
||||
bev_avail_mean: 0.8
|
||||
v2g: true #allows feed-in to grid from EV battery
|
||||
#what is not EV or FCEV is oil-fuelled ICE
|
||||
land_transport_fuel_cell_share: 0.15 # 1 means all FCEVs
|
||||
# 2020: 0
|
||||
# 2030: 0.05
|
||||
# 2040: 0.1
|
||||
# 2050: 0.15
|
||||
land_transport_electric_share: 0.85 # 1 means all EVs
|
||||
# 2020: 0
|
||||
# 2030: 0.25
|
||||
# 2040: 0.6
|
||||
# 2050: 0.85
|
||||
transport_fuel_cell_efficiency: 0.5
|
||||
transport_internal_combustion_efficiency: 0.3
|
||||
agriculture_machinery_electric_share: 0
|
||||
agriculture_machinery_fuel_efficiency: 0.7 # fuel oil per use
|
||||
agriculture_machinery_electric_efficiency: 0.3 # electricity per use
|
||||
shipping_average_efficiency: 0.4 #For conversion of fuel oil to propulsion in 2011
|
||||
shipping_hydrogen_liquefaction: false # whether to consider liquefaction costs for shipping H2 demands
|
||||
shipping_hydrogen_share: 1 # 1 means all hydrogen FC
|
||||
# 2020: 0
|
||||
# 2025: 0
|
||||
# 2030: 0.05
|
||||
# 2035: 0.15
|
||||
# 2040: 0.3
|
||||
# 2045: 0.6
|
||||
# 2050: 1
|
||||
time_dep_hp_cop: true #time dependent heat pump coefficient of performance
|
||||
heat_pump_sink_T: 55. # Celsius, based on DTU / large area radiators; used in build_cop_profiles.py
|
||||
# conservatively high to cover hot water and space heating in poorly-insulated buildings
|
||||
reduce_space_heat_exogenously: true # reduces space heat demand by a given factor (applied before losses in DH)
|
||||
# this can represent e.g. building renovation, building demolition, or if
|
||||
# the factor is negative: increasing floor area, increased thermal comfort, population growth
|
||||
reduce_space_heat_exogenously_factor: 0.29 # per unit reduction in space heat demand
|
||||
# the default factors are determined by the LTS scenario from http://tool.european-calculator.eu/app/buildings/building-types-area/?levers=1ddd4444421213bdbbbddd44444ffffff11f411111221111211l212221
|
||||
# 2020: 0.10 # this results in a space heat demand reduction of 10%
|
||||
# 2025: 0.09 # first heat demand increases compared to 2020 because of larger floor area per capita
|
||||
# 2030: 0.09
|
||||
# 2035: 0.11
|
||||
# 2040: 0.16
|
||||
# 2045: 0.21
|
||||
# 2050: 0.29
|
||||
retrofitting : # co-optimises building renovation to reduce space heat demand
|
||||
retro_endogen: false # co-optimise space heat savings
|
||||
cost_factor: 1.0 # weight costs for building renovation
|
||||
interest_rate: 0.04 # for investment in building components
|
||||
annualise_cost: true # annualise the investment costs
|
||||
tax_weighting: false # weight costs depending on taxes in countries
|
||||
construction_index: true # weight costs depending on labour/material costs per country
|
||||
tes: true
|
||||
tes_tau: # 180 day time constant for centralised, 3 day for decentralised
|
||||
decentral: 3
|
||||
central: 180
|
||||
boilers: true
|
||||
oil_boilers: false
|
||||
chp: true
|
||||
micro_chp: false
|
||||
solar_thermal: true
|
||||
solar_cf_correction: 0.788457 # = >>> 1/1.2683
|
||||
marginal_cost_storage: 0. #1e-4
|
||||
methanation: true
|
||||
helmeth: true
|
||||
dac: true
|
||||
co2_vent: true
|
||||
SMR: true
|
||||
co2_sequestration_potential: 200 #MtCO2/a sequestration potential for Europe
|
||||
co2_sequestration_cost: 10 #EUR/tCO2 for sequestration of CO2
|
||||
co2_network: false
|
||||
cc_fraction: 0.9 # default fraction of CO2 captured with post-combustion capture
|
||||
hydrogen_underground_storage: true
|
||||
hydrogen_underground_storage_locations:
|
||||
# - onshore # more than 50 km from sea
|
||||
- nearshore # within 50 km of sea
|
||||
# - offshore
|
||||
use_fischer_tropsch_waste_heat: true
|
||||
use_fuel_cell_waste_heat: true
|
||||
electricity_distribution_grid: true
|
||||
electricity_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv
|
||||
electricity_grid_connection: true # only applies to onshore wind and utility PV
|
||||
H2_network: true
|
||||
gas_network: true
|
||||
H2_retrofit: true # if set to True existing gas pipes can be retrofitted to H2 pipes
|
||||
# according to hydrogen backbone strategy (April, 2020) p.15
|
||||
# https://gasforclimate2050.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020_European-Hydrogen-Backbone_Report.pdf
|
||||
# 60% of original natural gas capacity could be used in cost-optimal case as H2 capacity
|
||||
H2_retrofit_capacity_per_CH4: 0.6 # ratio for H2 capacity per original CH4 capacity of retrofitted pipelines
|
||||
gas_network_connectivity_upgrade: 1 # https://networkx.org/documentation/stable/reference/algorithms/generated/networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation.html#networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation
|
||||
gas_distribution_grid: true
|
||||
gas_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv
|
||||
biomass_transport: false # biomass transport between nodes
|
||||
conventional_generation: # generator : carrier
|
||||
OCGT: gas
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
industry:
|
||||
St_primary_fraction: 0.3 # fraction of steel produced via primary route versus secondary route (scrap+EAF); today fraction is 0.6
|
||||
# 2020: 0.6
|
||||
# 2025: 0.55
|
||||
# 2030: 0.5
|
||||
# 2035: 0.45
|
||||
# 2040: 0.4
|
||||
# 2045: 0.35
|
||||
# 2050: 0.3
|
||||
DRI_fraction: 1 # fraction of the primary route converted to DRI + EAF
|
||||
# 2020: 0
|
||||
# 2025: 0
|
||||
# 2030: 0.05
|
||||
# 2035: 0.2
|
||||
# 2040: 0.4
|
||||
# 2045: 0.7
|
||||
# 2050: 1
|
||||
H2_DRI: 1.7 #H2 consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI), MWh_H2,LHV/ton_Steel from 51kgH2/tSt in Vogl et al (2018) doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.279
|
||||
elec_DRI: 0.322 #electricity consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) shaft, MWh/tSt HYBRIT brochure https://ssabwebsitecdn.azureedge.net/-/media/hybrit/files/hybrit_brochure.pdf
|
||||
Al_primary_fraction: 0.2 # fraction of aluminium produced via the primary route versus scrap; today fraction is 0.4
|
||||
# 2020: 0.4
|
||||
# 2025: 0.375
|
||||
# 2030: 0.35
|
||||
# 2035: 0.325
|
||||
# 2040: 0.3
|
||||
# 2045: 0.25
|
||||
# 2050: 0.2
|
||||
MWh_CH4_per_tNH3_SMR: 10.8 # 2012's demand from https://ec.europa.eu/docsroom/documents/4165/attachments/1/translations/en/renditions/pdf
|
||||
MWh_elec_per_tNH3_SMR: 0.7 # same source, assuming 94-6% split methane-elec of total energy demand 11.5 MWh/tNH3
|
||||
MWh_H2_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 6.5 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017, around 0.197 tH2/tHN3 (>3/17 since some H2 lost and used for energy)
|
||||
MWh_elec_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 1.17 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017 Table 13 (air separation and HB)
|
||||
NH3_process_emissions: 24.5 # in MtCO2/a from SMR for H2 production for NH3 from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28
|
||||
petrochemical_process_emissions: 25.5 # in MtCO2/a for petrochemical and other from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28
|
||||
HVC_primary_fraction: 1. # fraction of today's HVC produced via primary route
|
||||
HVC_mechanical_recycling_fraction: 0. # fraction of today's HVC produced via mechanical recycling
|
||||
HVC_chemical_recycling_fraction: 0. # fraction of today's HVC produced via chemical recycling
|
||||
HVC_production_today: 52. # MtHVC/a from DECHEMA (2017), Figure 16, page 107; includes ethylene, propylene and BTX
|
||||
MWh_elec_per_tHVC_mechanical_recycling: 0.547 # from SI of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105010, Table S5, for HDPE, PP, PS, PET. LDPE would be 0.756.
|
||||
MWh_elec_per_tHVC_chemical_recycling: 6.9 # Material Economics (2019), page 125; based on pyrolysis and electric steam cracking
|
||||
chlorine_production_today: 9.58 # MtCl/a from DECHEMA (2017), Table 7, page 43
|
||||
MWh_elec_per_tCl: 3.6 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 6, page 43
|
||||
MWh_H2_per_tCl: -0.9372 # DECHEMA (2017), page 43; negative since hydrogen produced in chloralkali process
|
||||
methanol_production_today: 1.5 # MtMeOH/a from DECHEMA (2017), page 62
|
||||
MWh_elec_per_tMeOH: 0.167 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65
|
||||
MWh_CH4_per_tMeOH: 10.25 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65
|
||||
hotmaps_locate_missing: false
|
||||
reference_year: 2015
|
||||
# references:
|
||||
# DECHEMA (2017): https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry-p-20002750.pdf
|
||||
# Material Economics (2019): https://materialeconomics.com/latest-updates/industrial-transformation-2050
|
||||
|
||||
costs:
|
||||
lifetime: 25 #default lifetime
|
||||
# From a Lion Hirth paper, also reflects average of Noothout et al 2016
|
||||
discountrate: 0.07
|
||||
# [EUR/USD] ECB: https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/exchange/eurofxref/html/eurofxref-graph-usd.en.html # noqa: E501
|
||||
USD2013_to_EUR2013: 0.7532
|
||||
|
||||
# Marginal and capital costs can be overwritten
|
||||
# capital_cost:
|
||||
# onwind: 500
|
||||
marginal_cost:
|
||||
solar: 0.01
|
||||
onwind: 0.015
|
||||
offwind: 0.015
|
||||
hydro: 0.
|
||||
H2: 0.
|
||||
battery: 0.
|
||||
|
||||
emission_prices: # only used with the option Ep (emission prices)
|
||||
co2: 0.
|
||||
|
||||
lines:
|
||||
length_factor: 1.25 #to estimate offwind connection costs
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
solving:
|
||||
#tmpdir: "path/to/tmp"
|
||||
options:
|
||||
formulation: kirchhoff
|
||||
clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2
|
||||
load_shedding: false
|
||||
noisy_costs: true
|
||||
skip_iterations: true
|
||||
track_iterations: false
|
||||
min_iterations: 4
|
||||
max_iterations: 6
|
||||
keep_shadowprices:
|
||||
- Bus
|
||||
- Line
|
||||
- Link
|
||||
- Transformer
|
||||
- GlobalConstraint
|
||||
- Generator
|
||||
- Store
|
||||
- StorageUnit
|
||||
|
||||
solver:
|
||||
name: cbc
|
||||
# threads: 4
|
||||
# method: 2 # barrier
|
||||
# crossover: 0
|
||||
# BarConvTol: 1.e-6
|
||||
# Seed: 123
|
||||
# AggFill: 0
|
||||
# PreDual: 0
|
||||
# GURO_PAR_BARDENSETHRESH: 200
|
||||
#FeasibilityTol: 1.e-6
|
||||
|
||||
#name: cplex
|
||||
#threads: 4
|
||||
#lpmethod: 4 # barrier
|
||||
#solutiontype: 2 # non basic solution, ie no crossover
|
||||
#barrier_convergetol: 1.e-5
|
||||
#feasopt_tolerance: 1.e-6
|
||||
mem: 4000 #memory in MB; 20 GB enough for 50+B+I+H2; 100 GB for 181+B+I+H2
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
plotting:
|
||||
map:
|
||||
boundaries: [-11, 30, 34, 71]
|
||||
color_geomap:
|
||||
ocean: white
|
||||
land: whitesmoke
|
||||
costs_max: 1000
|
||||
costs_threshold: 1
|
||||
energy_max: 20000
|
||||
energy_min: -20000
|
||||
energy_threshold: 50
|
||||
vre_techs:
|
||||
- onwind
|
||||
- offwind-ac
|
||||
- offwind-dc
|
||||
- solar
|
||||
- ror
|
||||
renewable_storage_techs:
|
||||
- PHS
|
||||
- hydro
|
||||
conv_techs:
|
||||
- OCGT
|
||||
- CCGT
|
||||
- Nuclear
|
||||
- Coal
|
||||
storage_techs:
|
||||
- hydro+PHS
|
||||
- battery
|
||||
- H2
|
||||
load_carriers:
|
||||
- AC load
|
||||
AC_carriers:
|
||||
- AC line
|
||||
- AC transformer
|
||||
link_carriers:
|
||||
- DC line
|
||||
- Converter AC-DC
|
||||
heat_links:
|
||||
- heat pump
|
||||
- resistive heater
|
||||
- CHP heat
|
||||
- CHP electric
|
||||
- gas boiler
|
||||
- central heat pump
|
||||
- central resistive heater
|
||||
- central CHP heat
|
||||
- central CHP electric
|
||||
- central gas boiler
|
||||
heat_generators:
|
||||
- gas boiler
|
||||
- central gas boiler
|
||||
- solar thermal collector
|
||||
- central solar thermal collector
|
||||
tech_colors:
|
||||
# wind
|
||||
onwind: "#235ebc"
|
||||
onshore wind: "#235ebc"
|
||||
offwind: "#6895dd"
|
||||
offshore wind: "#6895dd"
|
||||
offwind-ac: "#6895dd"
|
||||
offshore wind (AC): "#6895dd"
|
||||
offwind-dc: "#74c6f2"
|
||||
offshore wind (DC): "#74c6f2"
|
||||
# water
|
||||
hydro: '#298c81'
|
||||
hydro reservoir: '#298c81'
|
||||
ror: '#3dbfb0'
|
||||
run of river: '#3dbfb0'
|
||||
hydroelectricity: '#298c81'
|
||||
PHS: '#51dbcc'
|
||||
wave: '#a7d4cf'
|
||||
# solar
|
||||
solar: "#f9d002"
|
||||
solar PV: "#f9d002"
|
||||
solar thermal: '#ffbf2b'
|
||||
solar rooftop: '#ffea80'
|
||||
# gas
|
||||
OCGT: '#e0986c'
|
||||
OCGT marginal: '#e0986c'
|
||||
OCGT-heat: '#e0986c'
|
||||
gas boiler: '#db6a25'
|
||||
gas boilers: '#db6a25'
|
||||
gas boiler marginal: '#db6a25'
|
||||
gas: '#e05b09'
|
||||
fossil gas: '#e05b09'
|
||||
natural gas: '#e05b09'
|
||||
CCGT: '#a85522'
|
||||
CCGT marginal: '#a85522'
|
||||
gas for industry co2 to atmosphere: '#692e0a'
|
||||
gas for industry co2 to stored: '#8a3400'
|
||||
gas for industry: '#853403'
|
||||
gas for industry CC: '#692e0a'
|
||||
gas pipeline: '#ebbca0'
|
||||
gas pipeline new: '#a87c62'
|
||||
# oil
|
||||
oil: '#c9c9c9'
|
||||
oil boiler: '#adadad'
|
||||
agriculture machinery oil: '#949494'
|
||||
shipping oil: "#808080"
|
||||
land transport oil: '#afafaf'
|
||||
# nuclear
|
||||
Nuclear: '#ff8c00'
|
||||
Nuclear marginal: '#ff8c00'
|
||||
nuclear: '#ff8c00'
|
||||
uranium: '#ff8c00'
|
||||
# coal
|
||||
Coal: '#545454'
|
||||
coal: '#545454'
|
||||
Coal marginal: '#545454'
|
||||
solid: '#545454'
|
||||
Lignite: '#826837'
|
||||
lignite: '#826837'
|
||||
Lignite marginal: '#826837'
|
||||
# biomass
|
||||
biogas: '#e3d37d'
|
||||
biomass: '#baa741'
|
||||
solid biomass: '#baa741'
|
||||
solid biomass transport: '#baa741'
|
||||
solid biomass for industry: '#7a6d26'
|
||||
solid biomass for industry CC: '#47411c'
|
||||
solid biomass for industry co2 from atmosphere: '#736412'
|
||||
solid biomass for industry co2 to stored: '#47411c'
|
||||
# power transmission
|
||||
lines: '#6c9459'
|
||||
transmission lines: '#6c9459'
|
||||
electricity distribution grid: '#97ad8c'
|
||||
# electricity demand
|
||||
Electric load: '#110d63'
|
||||
electric demand: '#110d63'
|
||||
electricity: '#110d63'
|
||||
industry electricity: '#2d2a66'
|
||||
industry new electricity: '#2d2a66'
|
||||
agriculture electricity: '#494778'
|
||||
# battery + EVs
|
||||
battery: '#ace37f'
|
||||
battery storage: '#ace37f'
|
||||
home battery: '#80c944'
|
||||
home battery storage: '#80c944'
|
||||
BEV charger: '#baf238'
|
||||
V2G: '#e5ffa8'
|
||||
land transport EV: '#baf238'
|
||||
Li ion: '#baf238'
|
||||
# hot water storage
|
||||
water tanks: '#e69487'
|
||||
hot water storage: '#e69487'
|
||||
hot water charging: '#e69487'
|
||||
hot water discharging: '#e69487'
|
||||
# heat demand
|
||||
Heat load: '#cc1f1f'
|
||||
heat: '#cc1f1f'
|
||||
heat demand: '#cc1f1f'
|
||||
rural heat: '#ff5c5c'
|
||||
central heat: '#cc1f1f'
|
||||
decentral heat: '#750606'
|
||||
low-temperature heat for industry: '#8f2727'
|
||||
process heat: '#ff0000'
|
||||
agriculture heat: '#d9a5a5'
|
||||
# heat supply
|
||||
heat pumps: '#2fb537'
|
||||
heat pump: '#2fb537'
|
||||
air heat pump: '#36eb41'
|
||||
ground heat pump: '#2fb537'
|
||||
Ambient: '#98eb9d'
|
||||
CHP: '#8a5751'
|
||||
CHP CC: '#634643'
|
||||
CHP heat: '#8a5751'
|
||||
CHP electric: '#8a5751'
|
||||
district heating: '#e8beac'
|
||||
resistive heater: '#d8f9b8'
|
||||
retrofitting: '#8487e8'
|
||||
building retrofitting: '#8487e8'
|
||||
# hydrogen
|
||||
H2 for industry: "#f073da"
|
||||
H2 for shipping: "#ebaee0"
|
||||
H2: '#bf13a0'
|
||||
hydrogen: '#bf13a0'
|
||||
SMR: '#870c71'
|
||||
SMR CC: '#4f1745'
|
||||
H2 liquefaction: '#d647bd'
|
||||
hydrogen storage: '#bf13a0'
|
||||
H2 storage: '#bf13a0'
|
||||
land transport fuel cell: '#6b3161'
|
||||
H2 pipeline: '#f081dc'
|
||||
H2 pipeline retrofitted: '#ba99b5'
|
||||
H2 Fuel Cell: '#c251ae'
|
||||
H2 Electrolysis: '#ff29d9'
|
||||
# syngas
|
||||
Sabatier: '#9850ad'
|
||||
methanation: '#c44ce6'
|
||||
methane: '#c44ce6'
|
||||
helmeth: '#e899ff'
|
||||
# synfuels
|
||||
Fischer-Tropsch: '#25c49a'
|
||||
liquid: '#25c49a'
|
||||
kerosene for aviation: '#a1ffe6'
|
||||
naphtha for industry: '#57ebc4'
|
||||
# co2
|
||||
CC: '#f29dae'
|
||||
CCS: '#f29dae'
|
||||
CO2 sequestration: '#f29dae'
|
||||
DAC: '#ff5270'
|
||||
co2 stored: '#f2385a'
|
||||
co2: '#f29dae'
|
||||
co2 vent: '#ffd4dc'
|
||||
CO2 pipeline: '#f5627f'
|
||||
# emissions
|
||||
process emissions CC: '#000000'
|
||||
process emissions: '#222222'
|
||||
process emissions to stored: '#444444'
|
||||
process emissions to atmosphere: '#888888'
|
||||
oil emissions: '#aaaaaa'
|
||||
shipping oil emissions: "#555555"
|
||||
land transport oil emissions: '#777777'
|
||||
agriculture machinery oil emissions: '#333333'
|
||||
# other
|
||||
shipping: '#03a2ff'
|
||||
power-to-heat: '#2fb537'
|
||||
power-to-gas: '#c44ce6'
|
||||
power-to-H2: '#ff29d9'
|
||||
power-to-liquid: '#25c49a'
|
||||
gas-to-power/heat: '#ee8340'
|
||||
waste: '#e3d37d'
|
||||
other: '#000000'
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user