initial ship raster implementation
This commit is contained in:
Philipp Glaum
parent
c9c1910699
commit
6d070a19e0
19
Snakefile
19
Snakefile
@ -185,6 +185,22 @@ if config['enable'].get('retrieve_natura_raster', True):
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run: move(input[0], output[0])
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if config['enable'].get('build_ship_raster', False):
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rule build_ship_raster:
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input:
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ship_density="data/bundle/shipdensity/shipdensity_global.zip",
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cutouts=expand("cutouts/{cutouts}.nc", **config['atlite'])
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output: "resources/europe_shipdensity_raster.nc"
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log: "logs/build_ship_raster.log"
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script: "scripts/build_ship_raster.py"
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if config['enable'].get('retrieve_ship_raster', True):
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rule retrieve_ship_raster:
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input: HTTP.remote("https://tubcloud.tu-berlin.de/s/P9HArMwKbTH48Tf", keep_local=True, static=True)
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output: "resources/europe_shipdensity_raster.nc"
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run: move(input[0], output[0])
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rule build_renewable_profiles:
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input:
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base_network="networks/base.nc",
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@ -195,6 +211,9 @@ rule build_renewable_profiles:
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gebco=lambda w: ("data/bundle/GEBCO_2014_2D.nc"
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if "max_depth" in config["renewable"][w.technology].keys()
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else []),
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ship_density= lambda w: ("resources/europe_shipdensity_raster.nc"
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if "ship_threshold" in config["renewable"][w.technology].keys()
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else []),
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country_shapes='resources/country_shapes.geojson',
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offshore_shapes='resources/offshore_shapes.geojson',
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regions=lambda w: ("resources/regions_onshore.geojson"
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@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ enable:
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retrieve_cutout: true
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build_natura_raster: false
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retrieve_natura_raster: true
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build_ship_raster: false
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retrieve_ship_raster: true
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custom_busmap: false
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electricity:
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@ -134,6 +136,7 @@ renewable:
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# until done more rigorously in #153
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corine: [44, 255]
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natura: true
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ship_threshold: 400
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max_depth: 50
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max_shore_distance: 30000
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potential: simple # or conservative
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@ -151,6 +154,7 @@ renewable:
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# until done more rigorously in #153
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corine: [44, 255]
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natura: true
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ship_threshold: 400
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max_depth: 50
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min_shore_distance: 30000
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potential: simple # or conservative
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333
config_float.yaml
Executable file
333
config_float.yaml
Executable file
@ -0,0 +1,333 @@
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# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: : 2017-2020 The PyPSA-Eur Authors
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#
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# SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
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version: 0.4.0
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tutorial: false
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logging:
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level: INFO
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format: '%(levelname)s:%(name)s:%(message)s'
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summary_dir: results
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scenario:
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simpl: ['']
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ll: ['copt']
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clusters: [100]
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opts: [Co2L-24H]
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countries: ['BE','DE', 'DK', 'GB', 'NL', 'NO']
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clustering:
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simplify:
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to_substations: false # network is simplified to nodes with positive or negative power injection (i.e. substations or offwind connections)
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snapshots:
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start: "2013-01-01"
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end: "2014-01-01"
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closed: 'left' # end is not inclusive
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enable:
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prepare_links_p_nom: false
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retrieve_databundle: true
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build_cutout: false
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retrieve_cutout: false
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build_natura_raster: false
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retrieve_natura_raster: true
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custom_busmap: false
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split_offshore_regions: true #splits big offshore regions into smaller regions
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build_ship_raster: true
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retrieve_ship_raster: true
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electricity:
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voltages: [220., 300., 380.]
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co2limit: 7.75e+7 # 0.05 * 3.1e9*0.5
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co2base: 1.487e+9
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agg_p_nom_limits: data/agg_p_nom_minmax.csv
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extendable_carriers:
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Generator: []
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StorageUnit: [] # battery, H2
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Store: [battery, H2]
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Link: []
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max_hours:
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battery: 6
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H2: 168
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powerplants_filter: false # use pandas query strings here, e.g. Country not in ['Germany']
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custom_powerplants: false # use pandas query strings here, e.g. Country in ['Germany']
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conventional_carriers: [nuclear, oil, OCGT, CCGT, coal, lignite, geothermal, biomass]
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renewable_capacities_from_OPSD: [] # onwind, offwind, solar
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# estimate_renewable_capacities_from_capacity_stats:
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# # Wind is the Fueltype in ppm.data.Capacity_stats, onwind, offwind-{ac,dc} the carrier in PyPSA-Eur
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# Wind: [onwind, offwind-ac, offwind-dc]
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# Solar: [solar]
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atlite:
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nprocesses: 1
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show_progress: false
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cutouts:
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# use 'base' to determine geographical bounds and time span from config
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# base:
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# module: era5
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europe-2013-era5:
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module: era5 # in priority order
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dx: 0.3
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dy: 0.3
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time: ['2013', '2013']
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renewable:
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onwind:
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cutout: europe-2013-era5
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resource:
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method: wind
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turbine: Vestas_V112_3MW
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capacity_per_sqkm: 3 # ScholzPhd Tab 4.3.1: 10MW/km^2
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# correction_factor: 0.93
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corine:
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# Scholz, Y. (2012). Renewable energy based electricity supply at low costs:
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# development of the REMix model and application for Europe. ( p.42 / p.28)
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grid_codes: [12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23,
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24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 32]
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distance: 1000
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distance_grid_codes: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
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natura: true
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potential: simple # or conservative
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clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2
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offwind-ac:
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cutout: europe-2013-era5
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resource:
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method: wind
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turbine: NREL_ReferenceTurbine_2020ATB_12MW_offshore
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capacity_per_sqkm: 2
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correction_factor: 0.8855
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# proxy for wake losses
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# from 10.1016/j.energy.2018.08.153
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# until done more rigorously in #153
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#corine: [44, 255]
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natura: true
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max_depth: 60
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max_shore_distance: 30000
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potential: simple # or conservative
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clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2
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calculate_topology_cost: true
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offwind-dc:
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cutout: europe-2013-era5
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resource:
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method: wind
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turbine: NREL_ReferenceTurbine_2020ATB_12MW_offshore
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capacity_per_sqkm: 2
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correction_factor: 0.8855
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# proxy for wake losses
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# from 10.1016/j.energy.2018.08.153
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# until done more rigorously in #153
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#corine: [44, 255]
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natura: true
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max_depth: 60
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min_shore_distance: 30000
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potential: simple # or conservative
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clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2
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calculate_topology_cost: true
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offwind-float:
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cutout: europe-2013-era5
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resource:
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method: wind
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turbine: NREL_ReferenceTurbine_5MW_offshore
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# ScholzPhd Tab 4.3.1: 10MW/km^2
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capacity_per_sqkm: 2
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correction_factor: 0.8855
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# proxy for wake losses
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# from 10.1016/j.energy.2018.08.153
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# until done more rigorously in #153
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#corine: [44, 255]
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natura: true
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min_depth: 60
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potential: simple # or conservative
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clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2
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solar:
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cutout: europe-2013-era5
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resource:
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method: pv
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panel: CSi
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orientation:
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slope: 35.
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azimuth: 180.
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capacity_per_sqkm: 1.7 # ScholzPhd Tab 4.3.1: 170 MW/km^2
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# Correction factor determined by comparing uncorrected area-weighted full-load hours to those
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# published in Supplementary Data to
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# Pietzcker, Robert Carl, et al. "Using the sun to decarbonize the power
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# sector: The economic potential of photovoltaics and concentrating solar
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# power." Applied Energy 135 (2014): 704-720.
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# This correction factor of 0.854337 may be in order if using reanalysis data.
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# for discussion refer to https://github.com/PyPSA/pypsa-eur/pull/304
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# correction_factor: 0.854337
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corine: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13,
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14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 26, 31, 32]
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natura: true
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potential: simple # or conservative
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clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2
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hydro:
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cutout: europe-2013-era5
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carriers: [ror, PHS, hydro]
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PHS_max_hours: 6
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hydro_max_hours: "energy_capacity_totals_by_country" # one of energy_capacity_totals_by_country, estimate_by_large_installations or a float
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clip_min_inflow: 1.0
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lines:
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types:
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220.: "Al/St 240/40 2-bundle 220.0"
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300.: "Al/St 240/40 3-bundle 300.0"
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380.: "Al/St 240/40 4-bundle 380.0"
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s_max_pu: 0.7
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s_nom_max: .inf
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length_factor: 1.25
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under_construction: 'zero' # 'zero': set capacity to zero, 'remove': remove, 'keep': with full capacity
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links:
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p_max_pu: 1.0
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p_nom_max: .inf
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include_tyndp: true
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under_construction: 'zero' # 'zero': set capacity to zero, 'remove': remove, 'keep': with full capacity
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transformers:
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x: 0.1
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s_nom: 2000.
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type: ''
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load:
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power_statistics: True # only for files from <2019; set false in order to get ENTSOE transparency data
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interpolate_limit: 3 # data gaps up until this size are interpolated linearly
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time_shift_for_large_gaps: 1w # data gaps up until this size are copied by copying from
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manual_adjustments: true # false
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scaling_factor: 1.0
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costs:
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year: 2030
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discountrate: 0.07 # From a Lion Hirth paper, also reflects average of Noothout et al 2016
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USD2013_to_EUR2013: 0.7532 # [EUR/USD] ECB: https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/exchange/eurofxref/html/eurofxref-graph-usd.en.html
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marginal_cost: # EUR/MWh
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solar: 0.01
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onwind: 0.015
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offwind-ac: 0.015
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offwind-dc: 0.015
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hydro: 0.
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H2: 0.
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electrolysis: 0.
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fuel cell: 0.
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battery: 0.
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battery inverter: 0.
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emission_prices: # in currency per tonne emission, only used with the option Ep
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co2: 0.
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solving:
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options:
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formulation: kirchhoff
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load_shedding: false
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noisy_costs: true
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min_iterations: 4
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max_iterations: 6
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clip_p_max_pu: 0.01
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skip_iterations: false
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track_iterations: false
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#nhours: 10
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solver:
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name: gurobi
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threads: 4
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method: 2 # barrier
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crossover: 0
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BarConvTol: 1.e-5
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FeasibilityTol: 1.e-6
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AggFill: 0
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PreDual: 0
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GURO_PAR_BARDENSETHRESH: 200
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# solver:
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# name: cplex
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# threads: 4
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# lpmethod: 4 # barrier
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# solutiontype: 2 # non basic solution, ie no crossover
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# barrier.convergetol: 1.e-5
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# feasopt.tolerance: 1.e-6
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plotting:
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map:
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figsize: [7, 7]
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boundaries: [-10.2, 29, 35, 72]
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p_nom:
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bus_size_factor: 5.e+4
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linewidth_factor: 3.e+3
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costs_max: 800
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costs_threshold: 1
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energy_max: 15000.
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energy_min: -10000.
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energy_threshold: 50.
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vre_techs: ["onwind", "offwind-ac", "offwind-dc", "solar", "ror"]
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conv_techs: ["OCGT", "CCGT", "Nuclear", "Coal"]
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storage_techs: ["hydro+PHS", "battery", "H2"]
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load_carriers: ["AC load"]
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AC_carriers: ["AC line", "AC transformer"]
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link_carriers: ["DC line", "Converter AC-DC"]
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tech_colors:
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"onwind" : "#235ebc"
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"onshore wind" : "#235ebc"
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'offwind' : "#6895dd"
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'offwind-ac' : "#6895dd"
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'offshore wind' : "#6895dd"
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'offshore wind ac' : "#6895dd"
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'offwind-dc' : "#74c6f2"
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'offshore wind dc' : "#74c6f2"
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"hydro" : "#08ad97"
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"hydro+PHS" : "#08ad97"
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"PHS" : "#08ad97"
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"hydro reservoir" : "#08ad97"
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'hydroelectricity' : '#08ad97'
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"ror" : "#4adbc8"
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"run of river" : "#4adbc8"
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'solar' : "#f9d002"
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'solar PV' : "#f9d002"
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'solar thermal' : '#ffef60'
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'biomass' : '#0c6013'
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'solid biomass' : '#06540d'
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'biogas' : '#23932d'
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'waste' : '#68896b'
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'geothermal' : '#ba91b1'
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"OCGT" : "#d35050"
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"gas" : "#d35050"
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"natural gas" : "#d35050"
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"CCGT" : "#b20101"
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"nuclear" : "#ff9000"
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"coal" : "#707070"
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"lignite" : "#9e5a01"
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"oil" : "#262626"
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"H2" : "#ea048a"
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"hydrogen storage" : "#ea048a"
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"battery" : "#b8ea04"
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"Electric load" : "#f9d002"
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"electricity" : "#f9d002"
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"lines" : "#70af1d"
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"transmission lines" : "#70af1d"
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"AC-AC" : "#70af1d"
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"AC line" : "#70af1d"
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"links" : "#8a1caf"
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"HVDC links" : "#8a1caf"
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"DC-DC" : "#8a1caf"
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"DC link" : "#8a1caf"
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nice_names:
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OCGT: "Open-Cycle Gas"
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CCGT: "Combined-Cycle Gas"
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offwind-ac: "Offshore Wind (AC)"
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offwind-dc: "Offshore Wind (DC)"
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onwind: "Onshore Wind"
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solar: "Solar"
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PHS: "Pumped Hydro Storage"
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hydro: "Reservoir & Dam"
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battery: "Battery Storage"
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H2: "Hydrogen Storage"
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lines: "Transmission Lines"
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ror: "Run of River"
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@ -242,6 +242,11 @@ if __name__ == '__main__':
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buffer = corine["distance"]
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excluder.add_raster(snakemake.input.corine, codes=codes, buffer=buffer, crs=3035)
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if "ship_threshold" in config:
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shipping_threshold=config["ship_threshold"]*8760*6 # approximation because 6 years of data which is hourly collected
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func = functools.partial(np.less,shipping_threshold)
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excluder.add_raster(snakemake.input.ship_density, codes=func, crs=4326, allow_no_overlap=True)
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if "max_depth" in config:
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# lambda not supported for atlite + multiprocessing
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# use named function np.greater with partially frozen argument instead
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63
scripts/build_ship_raster.py
Normal file
63
scripts/build_ship_raster.py
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
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# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: : 2017-2022 The PyPSA-Eur Authors
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#
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# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
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"""
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Transforms the global ship density data from https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/search/dataset/0037580/Global-Shipping-Traffic-Density to the size of the considered cutout. The global ship density raster is later used for the exclusion when calculating the offshore potentials.
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Relevant Settings
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-----------------
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.. code:: yaml
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renewable:
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{technology}:
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cutout:
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.. seealso::
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Documentation of the configuration file ``config.yaml`` at
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:ref:`renewable_cf`
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Inputs
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------
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- ``data/bundle/shipdensity/shipdensity_global.zip``: `Global ship density from <https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/search/dataset/0037580/Global-Shipping-Traffic-Density>`.
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Outputs
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-------
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- ``resources/natura.tiff``: Reduced version of `Global ship density from <https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/search/dataset/0037580/` to reduce computation times.
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Description
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-----------
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"""
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import logging
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from _helpers import configure_logging
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from build_natura_raster import determine_cutout_xXyY
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import zipfile
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import xarray
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import os
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|
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logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
|
||||
|
||||
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
||||
if 'snakemake' not in globals():
|
||||
from _helpers import mock_snakemake
|
||||
snakemake = mock_snakemake('build_ship_raster')
|
||||
configure_logging(snakemake)
|
||||
|
||||
cutouts = snakemake.input.cutouts
|
||||
xs, Xs, ys, Ys = zip(*(determine_cutout_xXyY(cutout) for cutout in cutouts))
|
||||
|
||||
with zipfile.ZipFile(snakemake.input.ship_density) as zip_f:
|
||||
zip_f.extract("shipdensity_global.tif")
|
||||
ship_density=xarray.open_dataarray("shipdensity_global.tif", engine="rasterio")
|
||||
os.remove("shipdensity_global.tif")
|
||||
|
||||
ship_density=ship_density.drop("band").sel(x=slice(min(xs),max(Xs)), y=slice(max(Ys),min(ys)))
|
||||
|
||||
ship_density.to_netcdf(snakemake.output[0])
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user