Merge pull request #69 from PyPSA/salt_cavern_potential

Salt cavern potential

Snakefile

@@ -229,6 +229,7 @@ rule prepare_sector_network:
         timezone_mappings='data/timezone_mappings.csv',
         heat_profile="data/heat_load_profile_BDEW.csv",
         costs=config['costs_dir'] + "costs_{planning_horizons}.csv",
+	h2_cavern = "data/hydrogen_salt_cavern_potentials.csv",
         co2_budget="data/co2_budget.csv",
         profile_offwind_ac=pypsaeur("resources/profile_offwind-ac.nc"),
         profile_offwind_dc=pypsaeur("resources/profile_offwind-dc.nc"),

data/hydrogen_salt_cavern_potentials.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+,,TWh
+AT,False,
+BA,False,
+BE,False,
+BG,False,
+CH,False,
+CZ,False,
+DE,True,4500
+DK,True,700
+EE,False,
+ES,True,350
+FI,False,
+FR,False,
+GB,True,1050
+GR,True,120
+HR,False,
+HU,False,
+IE,False,
+IT,False,
+LT,False,
+LU,False,
+LV,False,
+NL,True,150
+NO,False,
+PL,True,120
+PT,True,400
+RO,False,
+RS,False,
+SE,False,
+SI,False,
+SK,False,

scripts/prepare_sector_network.py

@@ -795,21 +795,42 @@ def add_storage(network):
                  capital_cost=costs.at["fuel cell","fixed"]*costs.at["fuel cell","efficiency"], #NB: fixed cost is per MWel
                  lifetime=costs.at['fuel cell','lifetime'])
 
+    cavern_nodes = pd.DataFrame()
+
     if options['hydrogen_underground_storage']:
-        h2_capital_cost = costs.at["gas storage","fixed"]
-        #TODO: change gas storage to hydrogen underground storage when cost database is updated
-        #h2_capital_cost = costs.at["hydrogen underground storage","fixed"]
-    else:
-        h2_capital_cost = costs.at["hydrogen storage","fixed"]
+         h2_salt_cavern_potential = pd.read_csv(snakemake.input.h2_cavern,
+                                               index_col=0, skiprows=[0],
+                                               names=["potential", "TWh"])
+         h2_cavern_ct = h2_salt_cavern_potential[h2_salt_cavern_potential.potential]
+         cavern_nodes = pop_layout[pop_layout.ct.isin(h2_cavern_ct.index)]
+
+         h2_capital_cost = costs.at["hydrogen storage underground", "fixed"]
+
+         # assumptions: weight storage potential in a country by population
+         h2_pot = (h2_cavern_ct.loc[cavern_nodes.ct, "TWh"].astype(float)
+                   .reset_index().set_index(cavern_nodes.index))
+         h2_pot = h2_pot.TWh * cavern_nodes.fraction
+
+         network.madd("Store",
+                      cavern_nodes.index + " H2 Store",
+                      bus=cavern_nodes.index + " H2",
+                      e_nom_extendable=True,
+                      e_nom_max=h2_pot.values,
+                      e_cyclic=True,
+                      carrier="H2 Store",
+                      capital_cost=h2_capital_cost)
+
+    # hydrogen stored overground
+    h2_capital_cost = costs.at["hydrogen storage tank", "fixed"]
+    nodes_overground = nodes ^ cavern_nodes.index
 
     network.madd("Store",
-                 nodes + " H2 Store",
-                 bus=nodes + " H2",
+                 nodes_overground + " H2 Store",
+                 bus=nodes_overground + " H2",
                  e_nom_extendable=True,
                  e_cyclic=True,
                  carrier="H2 Store",
-                 capital_cost=h2_capital_cost,
-                 lifetime=costs.at['gas storage','lifetime'])
+                 capital_cost=h2_capital_cost)
 
     h2_links = pd.DataFrame(columns=["bus0","bus1","length"])
     prefix = "H2 pipeline "