technology,year,parameter,value,unit,source
solar-rooftop,2030,discount rate,0.04,per unit,standard for decentral
onwind,2030,lifetime,25,years,IEA2010
offwind,2030,lifetime,25,years,IEA2010
solar,2030,lifetime,25,years,IEA2010
solar-rooftop,2030,lifetime,25,years,IEA2010
solar-utility,2030,lifetime,25,years,IEA2010
PHS,2030,lifetime,80,years,IEA2010
hydro,2030,lifetime,80,years,IEA2010
ror,2030,lifetime,80,years,IEA2010
OCGT,2030,lifetime,30,years,IEA2010
nuclear,2030,lifetime,45,years,ECF2010 in DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
CCGT,2030,lifetime,30,years,IEA2010
coal,2030,lifetime,40,years,IEA2010
lignite,2030,lifetime,40,years,IEA2010
geothermal,2030,lifetime,40,years,IEA2010
biomass,2030,lifetime,30,years,ECF2010 in DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
oil,2030,lifetime,30,years,ECF2010 in DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
onwind,2030,investment,1182,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
offwind,2030,investment,2506,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
solar,2030,investment,600,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
biomass,2030,investment,2209,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
geothermal,2030,investment,3392,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
coal,2030,investment,1300,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 PC (Advanced/SuperC)
lignite,2030,investment,1500,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
solar-rooftop,2030,investment,725,EUR/kWel,ETIP PV
solar-utility,2030,investment,425,EUR/kWel,ETIP PV
PHS,2030,investment,2000,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
hydro,2030,investment,2000,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
ror,2030,investment,3000,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
OCGT,2030,investment,400,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
nuclear,2030,investment,6000,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
CCGT,2030,investment,800,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
oil,2030,investment,400,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
onwind,2030,FOM,2.961083,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
offwind,2030,FOM,3.192338,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
solar,2030,FOM,4.166667,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
solar-rooftop,2030,FOM,2,%/year,ETIP PV
solar-utility,2030,FOM,3,%/year,ETIP PV
biomass,2030,FOM,4.526935,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
geothermal,2030,FOM,2.358491,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
coal,2030,FOM,1.923076,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 PC (Advanced/SuperC)
lignite,2030,FOM,2.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 PC (Advanced/SuperC)
oil,2030,FOM,1.5,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
PHS,2030,FOM,1,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
hydro,2030,FOM,1,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
ror,2030,FOM,2,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
CCGT,2030,FOM,2.5,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
OCGT,2030,FOM,3.75,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
onwind,2030,VOM,0.015,EUR/MWhel,RES costs made up to fix curtailment order
offwind,2030,VOM,0.02,EUR/MWhel,RES costs made up to fix curtailment order
solar,2030,VOM,0.01,EUR/MWhel,RES costs made up to fix curtailment order
coal,2030,VOM,6,EUR/MWhel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 PC (Advanced/SuperC)
lignite,2030,VOM,7,EUR/MWhel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
CCGT,2030,VOM,4,EUR/MWhel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
OCGT,2030,VOM,3,EUR/MWhel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
nuclear,2030,VOM,8,EUR/MWhel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
gas,2030,fuel,21.6,EUR/MWhth,IEA2011b
uranium,2030,fuel,3,EUR/MWhth,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
oil,2030,VOM,3,EUR/MWhel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
nuclear,2030,fuel,3,EUR/MWhth,IEA2011b
biomass,2030,fuel,7,EUR/MWhth,IEA2011b
coal,2030,fuel,8.4,EUR/MWhth,IEA2011b
lignite,2030,fuel,2.9,EUR/MWhth,IEA2011b
biogas,2030,fuel,59,EUR/MWhth,JRC and Zappa
solid biomass,2030,fuel,25.2,EUR/MWhth,JRC and Zappa
oil,2030,fuel,50,EUR/MWhth,IEA WEM2017 97USD/boe = http://www.iea.org/media/weowebsite/2017/WEM_Documentation_WEO2017.pdf
PHS,2030,efficiency,0.75,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
hydro,2030,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
ror,2030,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
OCGT,2030,efficiency,0.39,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
CCGT,2030,efficiency,0.5,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
biomass,2030,efficiency,0.468,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
geothermal,2030,efficiency,0.239,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
nuclear,2030,efficiency,0.337,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
gas,2030,CO2 intensity,0.187,tCO2/MWhth,https://www.eia.gov/environment/emissions/co2_vol_mass.php
coal,2030,efficiency,0.464,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 PC (Advanced/SuperC)
lignite,2030,efficiency,0.447,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348
oil,2030,efficiency,0.393,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 CT
coal,2030,CO2 intensity,0.354,tCO2/MWhth,https://www.eia.gov/environment/emissions/co2_vol_mass.php
lignite,2030,CO2 intensity,0.4,tCO2/MWhth,German sources
oil,2030,CO2 intensity,0.248,tCO2/MWhth,https://www.eia.gov/environment/emissions/co2_vol_mass.php
geothermal,2030,CO2 intensity,0.026,tCO2/MWhth,https://www.eia.gov/environment/emissions/co2_vol_mass.php
solid biomass,2030,CO2 intensity,0.3,tCO2/MWhth,TODO
electrolysis,2030,investment,350,EUR/kWel,Palzer Thesis
electrolysis,2030,FOM,4,%/year,NREL http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy09osti/45873.pdf; budischak2013
electrolysis,2030,lifetime,18,years,NREL http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy09osti/45873.pdf; budischak2013
electrolysis,2030,efficiency,0.8,per unit,NREL http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy09osti/45873.pdf; budischak2013
fuel cell,2030,investment,339,EUR/kWel,NREL http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy09osti/45873.pdf; budischak2013
fuel cell,2030,FOM,3,%/year,NREL http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy09osti/45873.pdf; budischak2013
fuel cell,2030,lifetime,20,years,NREL http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy09osti/45873.pdf; budischak2013
fuel cell,2030,efficiency,0.58,per unit,NREL http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy09osti/45873.pdf; budischak2013 conservative 2020
hydrogen storage,2030,investment,11.2,USD/kWh,budischak2013
hydrogen storage,2030,lifetime,20,years,budischak2013
hydrogen underground storage,2030,investment,0.5,EUR/kWh,maximum from https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy10osti/46719.pdf
hydrogen underground storage,2030,lifetime,40,years,http://www.acatech.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Baumstruktur_nach_Website/Acatech/root/de/Publikationen/Materialien/ESYS_Technologiesteckbrief_Energiespeicher.pdf
H2 pipeline,2030,investment,267,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.12.156
H2 pipeline,2030,lifetime,40,years,TODO
H2 pipeline,2030,FOM,3,%/year,TODO
methanation,2030,investment,1000,EUR/kWH2,Schaber thesis
methanation,2030,lifetime,25,years,Schaber thesis
methanation,2030,FOM,3,%/year,Schaber thesis
methanation,2030,efficiency,0.8,per unit,Palzer and Schaber thesis
helmeth,2030,investment,2000,EUR/kW,no source
helmeth,2030,lifetime,25,years,no source
helmeth,2030,FOM,3,%/year,no source
helmeth,2030,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release
SMR,2030,investment,540.56,EUR/kWCH4,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/hydrogen-supply-chain-evidence-base; slide 42 assumption for 2030; GBP 466 exchange 1.16
SMR,2030,lifetime,25,years,TODO
SMR,2030,FOM,5.4,%/year,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/hydrogen-supply-chain-evidence-base; slide 42 assumption for 2030
SMR,2030,efficiency,0.74,per unit,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/hydrogen-supply-chain-evidence-base; slide 42 assumption for 2030
SMR CCS,2030,investment,1032,EUR/kWCH4,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/hydrogen-supply-chain-evidence-base; slide 42 assumption for 2030; GBP 466 exchange 1.16; CCS costed at 300 EUR/tCO2/a
SMR CCS,2030,lifetime,25,years,TODO
SMR CCS,2030,FOM,5.4,%/year,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/hydrogen-supply-chain-evidence-base; slide 42 assumption for 2030
SMR CCS,2030,efficiency,0.67,per unit,https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/hydrogen-supply-chain-evidence-base; slide 42 assumption for 2030; CCS uses 10% of gas
industry CCS,2030,investment,300,EUR/tCO2/a,Saygin et al 2013 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2013.05.032
industry CCS,2030,FOM,2,%/year,Saygin et al 2013 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2013.05.032
industry CCS,2030,lifetime,25,years,Saygin et al 2013 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2013.05.032
industry CCS,2030,efficiency,0.9,per unit,Saygin et al 2013 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2013.05.032
Fischer-Tropsch,2030,investment,677.6,EUR/kWH2,Fasihi doi:10.3390/su9020306 (60 kEUR/bpd = 847 EUR/kWL (1b = 1.7 MWh) 847*0.8 = 677.6)
Fischer-Tropsch,2030,lifetime,30,years,doi:10.3390/su9020306
Fischer-Tropsch,2030,FOM,3,%/year,doi:10.3390/su9020306
Fischer-Tropsch,2030,efficiency,0.8,per unit,TODO
DAC,2030,investment,250,EUR/(tCO2/a),Fasihi doi:10.3390/su9020306/Climeworks
DAC,2030,lifetime,30,years,Fasihi
DAC,2030,FOM,4,%/year,Fasihi
battery inverter,2030,investment,411,USD/kWel,budischak2013
battery inverter,2030,lifetime,20,years,budischak2013
battery inverter,2030,efficiency,0.81,per unit,budischak2013; Lund and Kempton (2008) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.06.007
battery inverter,2030,FOM,3,%/year,budischak2013
battery storage,2030,investment,192,USD/kWh,budischak2013
battery storage,2030,lifetime,15,years,budischak2013
decentral air-sourced heat pump,2030,investment,1050,EUR/kWth,HP; Palzer thesis
decentral air-sourced heat pump,2030,lifetime,20,years,HP; Palzer thesis
decentral air-sourced heat pump,2030,FOM,3.5,%/year,Palzer thesis
decentral air-sourced heat pump,2030,efficiency,3,per unit,default for costs
decentral air-sourced heat pump,2030,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis
decentral ground-sourced heat pump,2030,investment,1400,EUR/kWth,Palzer thesis
decentral ground-sourced heat pump,2030,lifetime,20,years,Palzer thesis
decentral ground-sourced heat pump,2030,FOM,3.5,%/year,Palzer thesis
decentral ground-sourced heat pump,2030,efficiency,4,per unit,default for costs
decentral ground-sourced heat pump,2030,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis
central air-sourced heat pump,2030,investment,700,EUR/kWth,Palzer thesis
central air-sourced heat pump,2030,lifetime,20,years,Palzer thesis
central air-sourced heat pump,2030,FOM,3.5,%/year,Palzer thesis
central air-sourced heat pump,2030,efficiency,3,per unit,default for costs
retrofitting I,2030,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis
retrofitting I,2030,lifetime,50,years,Palzer thesis
retrofitting I,2030,FOM,1,%/year,Palzer thesis
retrofitting I,2030,investment,50,EUR/m2/fraction reduction,Palzer thesis
retrofitting II,2030,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis
retrofitting II,2030,lifetime,50,years,Palzer thesis
retrofitting II,2030,FOM,1,%/year,Palzer thesis
retrofitting II,2030,investment,250,EUR/m2/fraction reduction,Palzer thesis
water tank charger,2030,efficiency,0.9,per unit,HP
water tank discharger,2030,efficiency,0.9,per unit,HP
decentral water tank storage,2030,investment,860,EUR/m3,IWES Interaktion
decentral water tank storage,2030,FOM,1,%/year,HP
decentral water tank storage,2030,lifetime,20,years,HP
decentral water tank storage,2030,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis
central water tank storage,2030,investment,30,EUR/m3,IWES Interaktion
central water tank storage,2030,FOM,1,%/year,HP
central water tank storage,2030,lifetime,40,years,HP
decentral resistive heater,2030,investment,100,EUR/kWhth,Schaber thesis
decentral resistive heater,2030,lifetime,20,years,Schaber thesis
decentral resistive heater,2030,FOM,2,%/year,Schaber thesis
decentral resistive heater,2030,efficiency,0.9,per unit,Schaber thesis
decentral resistive heater,2030,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis
central resistive heater,2030,investment,100,EUR/kWhth,Schaber thesis
central resistive heater,2030,lifetime,20,years,Schaber thesis
central resistive heater,2030,FOM,2,%/year,Schaber thesis
central resistive heater,2030,efficiency,0.9,per unit,Schaber thesis
decentral gas boiler,2030,investment,175,EUR/kWhth,Palzer thesis
decentral gas boiler,2030,lifetime,20,years,Palzer thesis
decentral gas boiler,2030,FOM,2,%/year,Palzer thesis
decentral gas boiler,2030,efficiency,0.9,per unit,Palzer thesis
decentral gas boiler,2030,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis
central gas boiler,2030,investment,63,EUR/kWhth,Palzer thesis
central gas boiler,2030,lifetime,22,years,Palzer thesis
central gas boiler,2030,FOM,1,%/year,Palzer thesis
central gas boiler,2030,efficiency,0.9,per unit,Palzer thesis
decentral CHP,2030,lifetime,25,years,HP
decentral CHP,2030,investment,1400,EUR/kWel,HP
decentral CHP,2030,FOM,3,%/year,HP
decentral CHP,2030,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis
central gas CHP,2030,lifetime,30,years,DEA
central gas CHP,2030,investment,1300,EUR/kWel,DEA
central gas CHP,2030,FOM,3,%/year,DEA
central gas CHP,2030,efficiency,0.45,per unit,DEA (condensation mode)
central gas CHP,2030,c_b,0.7,per unit,DEA (backpressure ratio)
central gas CHP,2030,c_v,0.17,per unit,DEA (loss of fuel for additional heat)
central gas CHP,2030,p_nom_ratio,1.,per unit,
central gas CHP,2030,VOM,0.82,EUR/MWh,DEA
central gas CHP CCS,2030,lifetime,30,years,DEA
central gas CHP CCS,2030,investment,1900,EUR/kWel,DEA + DIW extra for CCS on gas plant
central gas CHP CCS,2030,FOM,3,%/year,DEA
central gas CHP CCS,2030,efficiency,0.405,per unit,DEA (condensation mode + efficiency loss due to capture)
central gas CHP CCS,2030,c_b,0.7,per unit,DEA (backpressure ratio)
central gas CHP CCS,2030,c_v,0.17,per unit,DEA (loss of fuel for additional heat)
central gas CHP CCS,2030,p_nom_ratio,1.,per unit,
central gas CHP CCS,2030,VOM,0.82,EUR/MWh,DEA
central solid biomass CHP,2030,lifetime,40,years,DEA for wood pellets CHP
central solid biomass CHP,2030,investment,1990,EUR/kWel,DEA for wood pellets CHP
central solid biomass CHP,2030,FOM,3,%/year,DEA for wood pellets CHP
central solid biomass CHP,2030,efficiency,0.52,per unit,DEA for wood pellets CHP (condensation mode)
central solid biomass CHP,2030,c_b,1.01,per unit,DEA for wood pellets CHP (backpressure ratio)
central solid biomass CHP,2030,c_v,0.15,per unit,DEA for wood pellets CHP (loss of fuel for additional heat)
central solid biomass CHP,2030,p_nom_ratio,1.,per unit,
central solid biomass CHP,2030,VOM,2.2,EUR/MWh,DEA for wood pellets CHP
central solid biomass CHP CCS,2030,lifetime,40,years,DEA for wood pellets CHP
central solid biomass CHP CCS,2030,investment,2590,EUR/kWel,DEA for wood pellets CHP + DIW extra for CCS on gas plant
central solid biomass CHP CCS,2030,FOM,3,%/year,DEA for wood pellets CHP
central solid biomass CHP CCS,2030,efficiency,0.468,per unit,DEA for wood pellets CHP (condensation mode + efficiency loss due to capture)
central solid biomass CHP CCS,2030,c_b,1.01,per unit,DEA for wood pellets CHP (backpressure ratio)
central solid biomass CHP CCS,2030,c_v,0.15,per unit,DEA for wood pellets CHP (loss of fuel for additional heat)
central solid biomass CHP CCS,2030,p_nom_ratio,1.,per unit,
central solid biomass CHP CCS,2030,VOM,2.2,EUR/MWh,DEA for wood pellets CHP
micro CHP,2030,lifetime,20,years,DEA for PEMFC with methane (for unit consuming 2kW CH4)
micro CHP,2030,investment,4500,EUR/kWCH4,DEA for PEMFC with methane (for unit consuming 2kW CH4)
micro CHP,2030,FOM,6,%/year,DEA for PEMFC with methane (for unit consuming 2kW CH4)
micro CHP,2030,efficiency,0.351,per unit,DEA for PEMFC with methane (for unit consuming 2kW CH4)
micro CHP,2030,efficiency-heat,0.609,per unit,DEA for PEMFC with methane (for unit consuming 2kW CH4)
decentral solar thermal,2030,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis
decentral solar thermal,2030,FOM,1.3,%/year,HP
decentral solar thermal,2030,investment,270000,EUR/1000m2,HP
decentral solar thermal,2030,lifetime,20,years,HP
central solar thermal,2030,FOM,1.4,%/year,HP
central solar thermal,2030,investment,140000,EUR/1000m2,HP
central solar thermal,2030,lifetime,20,years,HP
HVAC overhead,2030,investment,400,EUR/MW/km,Hagspiel
HVAC overhead,2030,lifetime,40,years,Hagspiel
HVAC overhead,2030,FOM,2,%/year,Hagspiel
HVDC overhead,2030,investment,400,EUR/MW/km,Hagspiel
HVDC overhead,2030,lifetime,40,years,Hagspiel
HVDC overhead,2030,FOM,2,%/year,Hagspiel
HVDC submarine,2030,investment,2000,EUR/MW/km,Own analysis of European submarine HVDC projects since 2000
HVDC submarine,2030,lifetime,40,years,Hagspiel
HVDC submarine,2030,FOM,2,%/year,Hagspiel
HVDC inverter pair,2030,investment,150000,EUR/MW,Hagspiel
HVDC inverter pair,2030,lifetime,40,years,Hagspiel
HVDC inverter pair,2030,FOM,2,%/year,Hagspiel
electricity distribution grid,2030,investment,500,EUR/kW,TODO
electricity distribution grid,2030,lifetime,40,years,TODO
electricity distribution grid,2030,FOM,2,%/year,TODO
electricity grid connection,2030,investment,140,EUR/kW,DEA
electricity grid connection,2030,lifetime,40,years,TODO
electricity grid connection,2030,FOM,2,%/year,TODO
decentral oil boiler,2030,investment,156.0140915953699,EUR/kWth,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf) (+eigene Berechnung)
decentral oil boiler,2030,lifetime,20.0,years,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf)
decentral oil boiler,2030,FOM,2.0,%/year,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf)
decentral oil boiler,2030,efficiency,0.9,per unit,Palzer thesis (https://energiesysteme-zukunft.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/PDFs/ESYS_Materialien_Optimierungsmodell_REMod-D.pdf)