From 8143f7e0fda9ac4baf477b289939a14038884288 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Fabian Neumann Date: Fri, 1 Jul 2022 10:16:11 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] remove accidental config file additions --- config.co2seq.yaml | 595 --------------------------------------- config.cost.yaml | 594 --------------------------------------- config.decentral.yaml | 592 --------------------------------------- config.gas.yaml | 590 --------------------------------------- config.h2.yaml | 596 ---------------------------------------- config.import.yaml | 626 ------------------------------------------ config.lv.yaml | 594 --------------------------------------- config.onw.yaml | 594 --------------------------------------- config.spatial.yaml | 593 --------------------------------------- config.temporal.yaml | 590 --------------------------------------- 10 files changed, 5964 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 config.co2seq.yaml delete mode 100644 config.cost.yaml delete mode 100644 config.decentral.yaml delete mode 100644 config.gas.yaml delete mode 100644 config.h2.yaml delete mode 100644 config.import.yaml delete mode 100644 config.lv.yaml delete mode 100644 config.onw.yaml delete mode 100644 config.spatial.yaml delete mode 100644 config.temporal.yaml diff --git a/config.co2seq.yaml b/config.co2seq.yaml deleted file mode 100644 index 7d3fa6c4..00000000 --- a/config.co2seq.yaml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,595 +0,0 @@ -version: 0.6.0 - -logging_level: INFO - -results_dir: results/ -summary_dir: results -costs_dir: ../technology-data/outputs/ -run: 20211218-181-co2seq # use this to keep track of runs with different settings -foresight: overnight # options are overnight, myopic, perfect (perfect is not yet implemented) -# if you use myopic or perfect foresight, set the investment years in "planning_horizons" below - -scenario: - simpl: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur - - '' - lv: # allowed transmission line volume expansion, can be any float >= 1.0 (today) or "opt" - - 1.5 - clusters: # number of nodes in Europe, any integer between 37 (1 node per country-zone) and several hundred - - 181 - opts: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur - - '' - sector_opts: # this is where the main scenario settings are - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind+p0.5-seq50 - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind+p0.5-seq100 - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind+p0.5-seq200 - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind+p0.5-seq400 - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind+p0.5-seq600 - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind+p0.5-seq800 - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind+p0.5-seq1000 - # to really understand the options here, look in scripts/prepare_sector_network.py - # Co2Lx specifies the CO2 target in x% of the 1990 values; default will give default (5%); - # Co2L0p25 will give 25% CO2 emissions; Co2Lm0p05 will give 5% negative emissions - # xH is the temporal resolution; 3H is 3-hourly, i.e. one snapshot every 3 hours - # single letters are sectors: T for land transport, H for building heating, - # B for biomass supply, I for industry, shipping and aviation, - # A for agriculture, forestry and fishing - # solar+c0.5 reduces the capital cost of solar to 50\% of reference value - # solar+p3 multiplies the available installable potential by factor 3 - # co2 stored+e2 multiplies the potential of CO2 sequestration by a factor 2 - # dist{n} includes distribution grids with investment cost of n times cost in data/costs.csv - # for myopic/perfect foresight cb states the carbon budget in GtCO2 (cumulative - # emissions throughout the transition path in the timeframe determined by the - # planning_horizons), be:beta decay; ex:exponential decay - # cb40ex0 distributes a carbon budget of 40 GtCO2 following an exponential - # decay with initial growth rate 0 - planning_horizons: # investment years for myopic and perfect; or costs year for overnight - - 2030 - # for example, set to [2020, 2030, 2040, 2050] for myopic foresight - -# CO2 budget as a fraction of 1990 emissions -# this is over-ridden if CO2Lx is set in sector_opts -# this is also over-ridden if cb is set in sector_opts -co2_budget: - 2020: 0.7011648746 - 2025: 0.5241935484 - 2030: 0.2970430108 - 2035: 0.1500896057 - 2040: 0.0712365591 - 2045: 0.0322580645 - 2050: 0 - -# snapshots are originally set in PyPSA-Eur/config.yaml but used again by PyPSA-Eur-Sec -snapshots: - # arguments to pd.date_range - start: "2013-01-01" - end: "2014-01-01" - closed: left # end is not inclusive - -atlite: - cutout: ../pypsa-eur/cutouts/europe-2013-era5.nc - -# this information is NOT used but needed as an argument for -# pypsa-eur/scripts/add_electricity.py/load_costs in make_summary.py -electricity: - max_hours: - battery: 6 - H2: 168 - -# regulate what components with which carriers are kept from PyPSA-Eur; -# some technologies are removed because they are implemented differently -# (e.g. battery or H2 storage) or have different year-dependent costs -# in PyPSA-Eur-Sec -pypsa_eur: - Bus: - - AC - Link: - - DC - Generator: - - onwind - - offwind-ac - - offwind-dc - - solar - - ror - StorageUnit: - - PHS - - hydro - Store: [] - - -energy: - energy_totals_year: 2011 - base_emissions_year: 1990 - eurostat_report_year: 2016 - emissions: CO2 # "CO2" or "All greenhouse gases - (CO2 equivalent)" - -biomass: - year: 2030 - scenario: ENS_Med - classes: - solid biomass: - - Agricultural waste - - Fuelwood residues - - Secondary Forestry residues - woodchips - - Sawdust - - Residues from landscape care - - Municipal waste - not included: - - Sugar from sugar beet - - Rape seed - - "Sunflower, soya seed " - - Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye - - Miscanthus, switchgrass, RCG - - Willow - - Poplar - - FuelwoodRW - - C&P_RW - biogas: - - Manure solid, liquid - - Sludge - - -solar_thermal: - clearsky_model: simple # should be "simple" or "enhanced"? - orientation: - slope: 45. - azimuth: 180. - -# only relevant for foresight = myopic or perfect -existing_capacities: - grouping_years: [1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2019] - threshold_capacity: 10 - conventional_carriers: - - lignite - - coal - - oil - - uranium - - -sector: - district_heating: - potential: 0.6 # maximum fraction of urban demand which can be supplied by district heating - # increase of today's district heating demand to potential maximum district heating share - # progress = 0 means today's district heating share, progress = 1 means maximum fraction of urban demand is supplied by district heating - progress: 1 - # 2020: 0.0 - # 2030: 0.3 - # 2040: 0.6 - # 2050: 1.0 - district_heating_loss: 0.15 - bev_dsm_restriction_value: 0.75 #Set to 0 for no restriction on BEV DSM - bev_dsm_restriction_time: 7 #Time at which SOC of BEV has to be dsm_restriction_value - transport_heating_deadband_upper: 20. - transport_heating_deadband_lower: 15. - ICE_lower_degree_factor: 0.375 #in per cent increase in fuel consumption per degree above deadband - ICE_upper_degree_factor: 1.6 - EV_lower_degree_factor: 0.98 - EV_upper_degree_factor: 0.63 - bev_dsm: true #turns on EV battery - bev_availability: 0.5 #How many cars do smart charging - bev_energy: 0.05 #average battery size in MWh - bev_charge_efficiency: 0.9 #BEV (dis-)charging efficiency - bev_plug_to_wheel_efficiency: 0.2 #kWh/km from EPA https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/ for Tesla Model S - bev_charge_rate: 0.011 #3-phase charger with 11 kW - bev_avail_max: 0.95 - bev_avail_mean: 0.8 - v2g: true #allows feed-in to grid from EV battery - #what is not EV or FCEV is oil-fuelled ICE - land_transport_fuel_cell_share: 0.15 # 1 means all FCEVs - # 2020: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2040: 0.1 - # 2050: 0.15 - land_transport_electric_share: 0.85 # 1 means all EVs - # 2020: 0 - # 2030: 0.25 - # 2040: 0.6 - # 2050: 0.85 - transport_fuel_cell_efficiency: 0.5 - transport_internal_combustion_efficiency: 0.3 - agriculture_machinery_electric_share: 0 - agriculture_machinery_fuel_efficiency: 0.7 # fuel oil per use - agriculture_machinery_electric_efficiency: 0.3 # electricity per use - shipping_average_efficiency: 0.4 #For conversion of fuel oil to propulsion in 2011 - shipping_hydrogen_liquefaction: true # whether to consider liquefaction costs for shipping H2 demands - shipping_hydrogen_share: 1 # 1 means all hydrogen FC - # 2020: 0 - # 2025: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2035: 0.15 - # 2040: 0.3 - # 2045: 0.6 - # 2050: 1 - time_dep_hp_cop: true #time dependent heat pump coefficient of performance - heat_pump_sink_T: 55. # Celsius, based on DTU / large area radiators; used in build_cop_profiles.py - # conservatively high to cover hot water and space heating in poorly-insulated buildings - reduce_space_heat_exogenously: true # reduces space heat demand by a given factor (applied before losses in DH) - # this can represent e.g. building renovation, building demolition, or if - # the factor is negative: increasing floor area, increased thermal comfort, population growth - reduce_space_heat_exogenously_factor: 0.29 # per unit reduction in space heat demand - # the default factors are determined by the LTS scenario from http://tool.european-calculator.eu/app/buildings/building-types-area/?levers=1ddd4444421213bdbbbddd44444ffffff11f411111221111211l212221 - # 2020: 0.10 # this results in a space heat demand reduction of 10% - # 2025: 0.09 # first heat demand increases compared to 2020 because of larger floor area per capita - # 2030: 0.09 - # 2035: 0.11 - # 2040: 0.16 - # 2045: 0.21 - # 2050: 0.29 - retrofitting : # co-optimises building renovation to reduce space heat demand - retro_endogen: false # co-optimise space heat savings - cost_factor: 1.0 # weight costs for building renovation - interest_rate: 0.04 # for investment in building components - annualise_cost: true # annualise the investment costs - tax_weighting: false # weight costs depending on taxes in countries - construction_index: true # weight costs depending on labour/material costs per country - tes: true - tes_tau: # 180 day time constant for centralised, 3 day for decentralised - decentral: 3 - central: 180 - boilers: true - oil_boilers: false - chp: true - micro_chp: false - solar_thermal: true - solar_cf_correction: 0.788457 # = >>> 1/1.2683 - marginal_cost_storage: 0. #1e-4 - methanation: true - helmeth: false - dac: true - co2_vent: false - SMR: true - co2_sequestration_potential: 200 #MtCO2/a sequestration potential for Europe - co2_sequestration_cost: 20 #EUR/tCO2 for sequestration of CO2 - co2_network: false - cc_fraction: 0.9 # default fraction of CO2 captured with post-combustion capture - hydrogen_underground_storage: true - hydrogen_underground_storage_locations: - # - onshore # more than 50 km from sea - - nearshore # within 50 km of sea - # - offshore - use_fischer_tropsch_waste_heat: true - use_fuel_cell_waste_heat: true - electricity_distribution_grid: true - electricity_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv - electricity_grid_connection: true # only applies to onshore wind and utility PV - H2_network: true - gas_network: false - H2_retrofit: true # if set to True existing gas pipes can be retrofitted to H2 pipes - # according to hydrogen backbone strategy (April, 2020) p.15 - # https://gasforclimate2050.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020_European-Hydrogen-Backbone_Report.pdf - # 60% of original natural gas capacity could be used in cost-optimal case as H2 capacity - H2_retrofit_capacity_per_CH4: 0.6 # ratio for H2 capacity per original CH4 capacity of retrofitted pipelines - gas_network_connectivity_upgrade: 1 # https://networkx.org/documentation/stable/reference/algorithms/generated/networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation.html#networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation - gas_distribution_grid: true - gas_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv - biomass_transport: false # biomass transport between nodes - conventional_generation: # generator : carrier - OCGT: gas - - -industry: - St_primary_fraction: 0.3 # fraction of steel produced via primary route versus secondary route (scrap+EAF); today fraction is 0.6 - # 2020: 0.6 - # 2025: 0.55 - # 2030: 0.5 - # 2035: 0.45 - # 2040: 0.4 - # 2045: 0.35 - # 2050: 0.3 - DRI_fraction: 1 # fraction of the primary route converted to DRI + EAF - # 2020: 0 - # 2025: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2035: 0.2 - # 2040: 0.4 - # 2045: 0.7 - # 2050: 1 - H2_DRI: 1.7 #H2 consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI), MWh_H2,LHV/ton_Steel from 51kgH2/tSt in Vogl et al (2018) doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.279 - elec_DRI: 0.322 #electricity consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) shaft, MWh/tSt HYBRIT brochure https://ssabwebsitecdn.azureedge.net/-/media/hybrit/files/hybrit_brochure.pdf - Al_primary_fraction: 0.2 # fraction of aluminium produced via the primary route versus scrap; today fraction is 0.4 - # 2020: 0.4 - # 2025: 0.375 - # 2030: 0.35 - # 2035: 0.325 - # 2040: 0.3 - # 2045: 0.25 - # 2050: 0.2 - MWh_CH4_per_tNH3_SMR: 10.8 # 2012's demand from https://ec.europa.eu/docsroom/documents/4165/attachments/1/translations/en/renditions/pdf - MWh_elec_per_tNH3_SMR: 0.7 # same source, assuming 94-6% split methane-elec of total energy demand 11.5 MWh/tNH3 - MWh_H2_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 6.5 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017, around 0.197 tH2/tHN3 (>3/17 since some H2 lost and used for energy) - MWh_elec_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 1.17 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017 Table 13 (air separation and HB) - NH3_process_emissions: 24.5 # in MtCO2/a from SMR for H2 production for NH3 from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28 - petrochemical_process_emissions: 25.5 # in MtCO2/a for petrochemical and other from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28 - HVC_primary_fraction: 0.45 # fraction of today's HVC produced via primary route - HVC_mechanical_recycling_fraction: 0.30 # fraction of today's HVC produced via mechanical recycling - HVC_chemical_recycling_fraction: 0.15 # fraction of today's HVC produced via chemical recycling - HVC_production_today: 52. # MtHVC/a from DECHEMA (2017), Figure 16, page 107; includes ethylene, propylene and BTX - MWh_elec_per_tHVC_mechanical_recycling: 0.547 # from SI of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105010, Table S5, for HDPE, PP, PS, PET. LDPE would be 0.756. - MWh_elec_per_tHVC_chemical_recycling: 6.9 # Material Economics (2019), page 125; based on pyrolysis and electric steam cracking - chlorine_production_today: 9.58 # MtCl/a from DECHEMA (2017), Table 7, page 43 - MWh_elec_per_tCl: 3.6 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 6, page 43 - MWh_H2_per_tCl: -0.9372 # DECHEMA (2017), page 43; negative since hydrogen produced in chloralkali process - methanol_production_today: 1.5 # MtMeOH/a from DECHEMA (2017), page 62 - MWh_elec_per_tMeOH: 0.167 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65 - MWh_CH4_per_tMeOH: 10.25 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65 - hotmaps_locate_missing: false - reference_year: 2015 - # references: - # DECHEMA (2017): https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry-p-20002750.pdf - # Material Economics (2019): https://materialeconomics.com/latest-updates/industrial-transformation-2050 - -costs: - lifetime: 25 #default lifetime - # From a Lion Hirth paper, also reflects average of Noothout et al 2016 - discountrate: 0.07 - # [EUR/USD] ECB: https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/exchange/eurofxref/html/eurofxref-graph-usd.en.html # noqa: E501 - USD2013_to_EUR2013: 0.7532 - - # Marginal and capital costs can be overwritten - # capital_cost: - # onwind: 500 - marginal_cost: - solar: 0.01 - onwind: 0.015 - offwind: 0.015 - hydro: 0. - H2: 0. - battery: 0. - - emission_prices: # only used with the option Ep (emission prices) - co2: 0. - - lines: - length_factor: 1.25 #to estimate offwind connection costs - - -solving: - #tmpdir: "path/to/tmp" - options: - formulation: kirchhoff - clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2 - load_shedding: false - noisy_costs: true - skip_iterations: true - track_iterations: false - min_iterations: 4 - max_iterations: 6 - keep_shadowprices: - - Bus - - Line - - Link - - Transformer - - GlobalConstraint - - Generator - - Store - - StorageUnit - solver: - name: gurobi - threads: 4 - method: 2 # barrier - crossover: 0 - BarConvTol: 1.e-4 - Seed: 123 - AggFill: 0 - PreDual: 0 - GURO_PAR_BARDENSETHRESH: 200 - #FeasibilityTol: 1.e-6 - - #name: cplex - #threads: 4 - #lpmethod: 4 # barrier - #solutiontype: 2 # non basic solution, ie no crossover - #barrier_convergetol: 1.e-5 - #feasopt_tolerance: 1.e-6 - mem: 126000 #memory in MB; 20 GB enough for 50+B+I+H2; 100 GB for 181+B+I+H2 - - -plotting: - map: - boundaries: [-11, 30, 34, 71] - color_geomap: - ocean: white - land: white - costs_max: 1000 - costs_threshold: 1 - energy_max: 20000 - energy_min: -20000 - energy_threshold: 50 - vre_techs: - - onwind - - offwind-ac - - offwind-dc - - solar - - ror - renewable_storage_techs: - - PHS - - hydro - conv_techs: - - OCGT - - CCGT - - Nuclear - - Coal - storage_techs: - - hydro+PHS - - battery - - H2 - load_carriers: - - AC load - AC_carriers: - - AC line - - AC transformer - link_carriers: - - DC line - - Converter AC-DC - heat_links: - - heat pump - - resistive heater - - CHP heat - - CHP electric - - gas boiler - - central heat pump - - central resistive heater - - central CHP heat - - central CHP electric - - central gas boiler - heat_generators: - - gas boiler - - central gas boiler - - solar thermal collector - - central solar thermal collector - tech_colors: - # wind - onwind: "#235ebc" - onshore wind: "#235ebc" - offwind: "#6895dd" - offshore wind: "#6895dd" - offwind-ac: "#6895dd" - offshore wind (AC): "#6895dd" - offwind-dc: "#74c6f2" - offshore wind (DC): "#74c6f2" - # water - hydro: '#298c81' - hydro reservoir: '#298c81' - ror: '#3dbfb0' - run of river: '#3dbfb0' - hydroelectricity: '#298c81' - PHS: '#51dbcc' - wave: '#a7d4cf' - # solar - solar: "#f9d002" - solar PV: "#f9d002" - solar thermal: '#ffbf2b' - solar rooftop: '#ffea80' - # gas - OCGT: '#e0986c' - OCGT marginal: '#e0986c' - OCGT-heat: '#e0986c' - gas boiler: '#db6a25' - gas boilers: '#db6a25' - gas boiler marginal: '#db6a25' - gas: '#e05b09' - natural gas: '#e05b09' - CCGT: '#a85522' - CCGT marginal: '#a85522' - gas for industry co2 to atmosphere: '#692e0a' - gas for industry co2 to stored: '#8a3400' - gas for industry: '#853403' - gas for industry CC: '#692e0a' - gas pipeline: '#ebbca0' - # oil - oil: '#c9c9c9' - oil boiler: '#adadad' - agriculture machinery oil: '#949494' - shipping oil: "#808080" - land transport oil: '#afafaf' - # nuclear - Nuclear: '#ff8c00' - Nuclear marginal: '#ff8c00' - nuclear: '#ff8c00' - uranium: '#ff8c00' - # coal - Coal: '#545454' - coal: '#545454' - Coal marginal: '#545454' - Lignite: '#826837' - lignite: '#826837' - Lignite marginal: '#826837' - # biomass - biogas: '#e3d37d' - solid biomass: '#baa741' - solid biomass transport: '#baa741' - solid biomass for industry: '#7a6d26' - solid biomass for industry CC: '#47411c' - solid biomass for industry co2 from atmosphere: '#736412' - solid biomass for industry co2 to stored: '#47411c' - # power transmission - lines: '#6c9459' - transmission lines: '#6c9459' - electricity distribution grid: '#97ad8c' - # electricity demand - Electric load: '#110d63' - electric demand: '#110d63' - electricity: '#110d63' - industry electricity: '#2d2a66' - industry new electricity: '#2d2a66' - agriculture electricity: '#494778' - # battery + EVs - battery: '#ace37f' - battery storage: '#ace37f' - home battery: '#80c944' - home battery storage: '#80c944' - BEV charger: '#baf238' - V2G: '#e5ffa8' - land transport EV: '#baf238' - Li ion: '#baf238' - # hot water storage - water tanks: '#e69487' - hot water storage: '#e69487' - hot water charging: '#e69487' - hot water discharging: '#e69487' - # heat demand - Heat load: '#cc1f1f' - heat: '#cc1f1f' - heat demand: '#cc1f1f' - rural heat: '#ff5c5c' - central heat: '#cc1f1f' - decentral heat: '#750606' - low-temperature heat for industry: '#8f2727' - process heat: '#ff0000' - agriculture heat: '#d9a5a5' - # heat supply - heat pumps: '#2fb537' - heat pump: '#2fb537' - air heat pump: '#36eb41' - ground heat pump: '#2fb537' - Ambient: '#98eb9d' - CHP: '#8a5751' - CHP CC: '#634643' - CHP heat: '#8a5751' - CHP electric: '#8a5751' - district heating: '#e8beac' - resistive heater: '#c78536' - retrofitting: '#8487e8' - building retrofitting: '#8487e8' - # hydrogen - H2 for industry: "#f073da" - H2 for shipping: "#ebaee0" - H2: '#bf13a0' - SMR: '#870c71' - SMR CC: '#4f1745' - H2 liquefaction: '#d647bd' - hydrogen storage: '#bf13a0' - land transport fuel cell: '#6b3161' - H2 pipeline: '#f081dc' - H2 Fuel Cell: '#c251ae' - H2 Electrolysis: '#ff29d9' - # syngas - Sabatier: '#9850ad' - methanation: '#c44ce6' - helmeth: '#e899ff' - # synfuels - Fischer-Tropsch: '#25c49a' - kerosene for aviation: '#a1ffe6' - naphtha for industry: '#57ebc4' - # co2 - CC: '#9e132c' - CO2 sequestration: '#9e132c' - DAC: '#ff5270' - co2 stored: '#f2385a' - co2: '#f29dae' - co2 vent: '#ffd4dc' - CO2 pipeline: '#f5627f' - # emissions - process emissions CC: '#000000' - process emissions: '#222222' - process emissions to stored: '#444444' - process emissions to atmosphere: '#888888' - oil emissions: '#aaaaaa' - shipping oil emissions: "#555555" - land transport oil emissions: '#777777' - agriculture machinery oil emissions: '#333333' - # other - shipping: '#03a2ff' - power-to-heat: '#cc1f1f' - power-to-gas: '#c44ce6' - power-to-liquid: '#25c49a' - gas-to-power/heat: '#ee8340' diff --git a/config.cost.yaml b/config.cost.yaml deleted file mode 100644 index 402b5943..00000000 --- a/config.cost.yaml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,594 +0,0 @@ -version: 0.6.0 - -logging_level: INFO - -results_dir: results/ -summary_dir: results -costs_dir: ../technology-data/outputs/ -run: 20211218-181-cost # use this to keep track of runs with different settings -foresight: overnight # options are overnight, myopic, perfect (perfect is not yet implemented) -# if you use myopic or perfect foresight, set the investment years in "planning_horizons" below - -scenario: - simpl: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur - - '' - lv: # allowed transmission line volume expansion, can be any float >= 1.0 (today) or "opt" - - 1.5 - clusters: # number of nodes in Europe, any integer between 37 (1 node per country-zone) and several hundred - - 181 - opts: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur - - '' - sector_opts: # this is where the main scenario settings are - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind-p0.5-solar-c0.75 - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind-p0.5-wind-c0.75 - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind-p0.5-Electrolysis-c0.75 - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind-p0.5-SMR-c0.75 - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind-p0.5-battery-c0.75 - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind-p0.5-DAC-c0.75 - # to really understand the options here, look in scripts/prepare_sector_network.py - # Co2Lx specifies the CO2 target in x% of the 1990 values; default will give default (5%); - # Co2L0p25 will give 25% CO2 emissions; Co2Lm0p05 will give 5% negative emissions - # xH is the temporal resolution; 3H is 3-hourly, i.e. one snapshot every 3 hours - # single letters are sectors: T for land transport, H for building heating, - # B for biomass supply, I for industry, shipping and aviation, - # A for agriculture, forestry and fishing - # solar+c0.5 reduces the capital cost of solar to 50\% of reference value - # solar+p3 multiplies the available installable potential by factor 3 - # co2 stored+e2 multiplies the potential of CO2 sequestration by a factor 2 - # dist{n} includes distribution grids with investment cost of n times cost in data/costs.csv - # for myopic/perfect foresight cb states the carbon budget in GtCO2 (cumulative - # emissions throughout the transition path in the timeframe determined by the - # planning_horizons), be:beta decay; ex:exponential decay - # cb40ex0 distributes a carbon budget of 40 GtCO2 following an exponential - # decay with initial growth rate 0 - planning_horizons: # investment years for myopic and perfect; or costs year for overnight - - 2030 - # for example, set to [2020, 2030, 2040, 2050] for myopic foresight - -# CO2 budget as a fraction of 1990 emissions -# this is over-ridden if CO2Lx is set in sector_opts -# this is also over-ridden if cb is set in sector_opts -co2_budget: - 2020: 0.7011648746 - 2025: 0.5241935484 - 2030: 0.2970430108 - 2035: 0.1500896057 - 2040: 0.0712365591 - 2045: 0.0322580645 - 2050: 0 - -# snapshots are originally set in PyPSA-Eur/config.yaml but used again by PyPSA-Eur-Sec -snapshots: - # arguments to pd.date_range - start: "2013-01-01" - end: "2014-01-01" - closed: left # end is not inclusive - -atlite: - cutout: ../pypsa-eur/cutouts/europe-2013-era5.nc - -# this information is NOT used but needed as an argument for -# pypsa-eur/scripts/add_electricity.py/load_costs in make_summary.py -electricity: - max_hours: - battery: 6 - H2: 168 - -# regulate what components with which carriers are kept from PyPSA-Eur; -# some technologies are removed because they are implemented differently -# (e.g. battery or H2 storage) or have different year-dependent costs -# in PyPSA-Eur-Sec -pypsa_eur: - Bus: - - AC - Link: - - DC - Generator: - - onwind - - offwind-ac - - offwind-dc - - solar - - ror - StorageUnit: - - PHS - - hydro - Store: [] - - -energy: - energy_totals_year: 2011 - base_emissions_year: 1990 - eurostat_report_year: 2016 - emissions: CO2 # "CO2" or "All greenhouse gases - (CO2 equivalent)" - -biomass: - year: 2030 - scenario: ENS_Med - classes: - solid biomass: - - Agricultural waste - - Fuelwood residues - - Secondary Forestry residues - woodchips - - Sawdust - - Residues from landscape care - - Municipal waste - not included: - - Sugar from sugar beet - - Rape seed - - "Sunflower, soya seed " - - Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye - - Miscanthus, switchgrass, RCG - - Willow - - Poplar - - FuelwoodRW - - C&P_RW - biogas: - - Manure solid, liquid - - Sludge - - -solar_thermal: - clearsky_model: simple # should be "simple" or "enhanced"? - orientation: - slope: 45. - azimuth: 180. - -# only relevant for foresight = myopic or perfect -existing_capacities: - grouping_years: [1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2019] - threshold_capacity: 10 - conventional_carriers: - - lignite - - coal - - oil - - uranium - - -sector: - district_heating: - potential: 0.6 # maximum fraction of urban demand which can be supplied by district heating - # increase of today's district heating demand to potential maximum district heating share - # progress = 0 means today's district heating share, progress = 1 means maximum fraction of urban demand is supplied by district heating - progress: 1 - # 2020: 0.0 - # 2030: 0.3 - # 2040: 0.6 - # 2050: 1.0 - district_heating_loss: 0.15 - bev_dsm_restriction_value: 0.75 #Set to 0 for no restriction on BEV DSM - bev_dsm_restriction_time: 7 #Time at which SOC of BEV has to be dsm_restriction_value - transport_heating_deadband_upper: 20. - transport_heating_deadband_lower: 15. - ICE_lower_degree_factor: 0.375 #in per cent increase in fuel consumption per degree above deadband - ICE_upper_degree_factor: 1.6 - EV_lower_degree_factor: 0.98 - EV_upper_degree_factor: 0.63 - bev_dsm: true #turns on EV battery - bev_availability: 0.5 #How many cars do smart charging - bev_energy: 0.05 #average battery size in MWh - bev_charge_efficiency: 0.9 #BEV (dis-)charging efficiency - bev_plug_to_wheel_efficiency: 0.2 #kWh/km from EPA https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/ for Tesla Model S - bev_charge_rate: 0.011 #3-phase charger with 11 kW - bev_avail_max: 0.95 - bev_avail_mean: 0.8 - v2g: true #allows feed-in to grid from EV battery - #what is not EV or FCEV is oil-fuelled ICE - land_transport_fuel_cell_share: 0.15 # 1 means all FCEVs - # 2020: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2040: 0.1 - # 2050: 0.15 - land_transport_electric_share: 0.85 # 1 means all EVs - # 2020: 0 - # 2030: 0.25 - # 2040: 0.6 - # 2050: 0.85 - transport_fuel_cell_efficiency: 0.5 - transport_internal_combustion_efficiency: 0.3 - agriculture_machinery_electric_share: 0 - agriculture_machinery_fuel_efficiency: 0.7 # fuel oil per use - agriculture_machinery_electric_efficiency: 0.3 # electricity per use - shipping_average_efficiency: 0.4 #For conversion of fuel oil to propulsion in 2011 - shipping_hydrogen_liquefaction: true # whether to consider liquefaction costs for shipping H2 demands - shipping_hydrogen_share: 1 # 1 means all hydrogen FC - # 2020: 0 - # 2025: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2035: 0.15 - # 2040: 0.3 - # 2045: 0.6 - # 2050: 1 - time_dep_hp_cop: true #time dependent heat pump coefficient of performance - heat_pump_sink_T: 55. # Celsius, based on DTU / large area radiators; used in build_cop_profiles.py - # conservatively high to cover hot water and space heating in poorly-insulated buildings - reduce_space_heat_exogenously: true # reduces space heat demand by a given factor (applied before losses in DH) - # this can represent e.g. building renovation, building demolition, or if - # the factor is negative: increasing floor area, increased thermal comfort, population growth - reduce_space_heat_exogenously_factor: 0.29 # per unit reduction in space heat demand - # the default factors are determined by the LTS scenario from http://tool.european-calculator.eu/app/buildings/building-types-area/?levers=1ddd4444421213bdbbbddd44444ffffff11f411111221111211l212221 - # 2020: 0.10 # this results in a space heat demand reduction of 10% - # 2025: 0.09 # first heat demand increases compared to 2020 because of larger floor area per capita - # 2030: 0.09 - # 2035: 0.11 - # 2040: 0.16 - # 2045: 0.21 - # 2050: 0.29 - retrofitting : # co-optimises building renovation to reduce space heat demand - retro_endogen: false # co-optimise space heat savings - cost_factor: 1.0 # weight costs for building renovation - interest_rate: 0.04 # for investment in building components - annualise_cost: true # annualise the investment costs - tax_weighting: false # weight costs depending on taxes in countries - construction_index: true # weight costs depending on labour/material costs per country - tes: true - tes_tau: # 180 day time constant for centralised, 3 day for decentralised - decentral: 3 - central: 180 - boilers: true - oil_boilers: false - chp: true - micro_chp: false - solar_thermal: true - solar_cf_correction: 0.788457 # = >>> 1/1.2683 - marginal_cost_storage: 0. #1e-4 - methanation: true - helmeth: false - dac: true - co2_vent: false - SMR: true - co2_sequestration_potential: 200 #MtCO2/a sequestration potential for Europe - co2_sequestration_cost: 20 #EUR/tCO2 for sequestration of CO2 - co2_network: false - cc_fraction: 0.9 # default fraction of CO2 captured with post-combustion capture - hydrogen_underground_storage: true - hydrogen_underground_storage_locations: - # - onshore # more than 50 km from sea - - nearshore # within 50 km of sea - # - offshore - use_fischer_tropsch_waste_heat: true - use_fuel_cell_waste_heat: true - electricity_distribution_grid: true - electricity_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv - electricity_grid_connection: true # only applies to onshore wind and utility PV - H2_network: true - gas_network: false - H2_retrofit: true # if set to True existing gas pipes can be retrofitted to H2 pipes - # according to hydrogen backbone strategy (April, 2020) p.15 - # https://gasforclimate2050.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020_European-Hydrogen-Backbone_Report.pdf - # 60% of original natural gas capacity could be used in cost-optimal case as H2 capacity - H2_retrofit_capacity_per_CH4: 0.6 # ratio for H2 capacity per original CH4 capacity of retrofitted pipelines - gas_network_connectivity_upgrade: 1 # https://networkx.org/documentation/stable/reference/algorithms/generated/networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation.html#networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation - gas_distribution_grid: true - gas_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv - biomass_transport: false # biomass transport between nodes - conventional_generation: # generator : carrier - OCGT: gas - - -industry: - St_primary_fraction: 0.3 # fraction of steel produced via primary route versus secondary route (scrap+EAF); today fraction is 0.6 - # 2020: 0.6 - # 2025: 0.55 - # 2030: 0.5 - # 2035: 0.45 - # 2040: 0.4 - # 2045: 0.35 - # 2050: 0.3 - DRI_fraction: 1 # fraction of the primary route converted to DRI + EAF - # 2020: 0 - # 2025: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2035: 0.2 - # 2040: 0.4 - # 2045: 0.7 - # 2050: 1 - H2_DRI: 1.7 #H2 consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI), MWh_H2,LHV/ton_Steel from 51kgH2/tSt in Vogl et al (2018) doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.279 - elec_DRI: 0.322 #electricity consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) shaft, MWh/tSt HYBRIT brochure https://ssabwebsitecdn.azureedge.net/-/media/hybrit/files/hybrit_brochure.pdf - Al_primary_fraction: 0.2 # fraction of aluminium produced via the primary route versus scrap; today fraction is 0.4 - # 2020: 0.4 - # 2025: 0.375 - # 2030: 0.35 - # 2035: 0.325 - # 2040: 0.3 - # 2045: 0.25 - # 2050: 0.2 - MWh_CH4_per_tNH3_SMR: 10.8 # 2012's demand from https://ec.europa.eu/docsroom/documents/4165/attachments/1/translations/en/renditions/pdf - MWh_elec_per_tNH3_SMR: 0.7 # same source, assuming 94-6% split methane-elec of total energy demand 11.5 MWh/tNH3 - MWh_H2_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 6.5 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017, around 0.197 tH2/tHN3 (>3/17 since some H2 lost and used for energy) - MWh_elec_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 1.17 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017 Table 13 (air separation and HB) - NH3_process_emissions: 24.5 # in MtCO2/a from SMR for H2 production for NH3 from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28 - petrochemical_process_emissions: 25.5 # in MtCO2/a for petrochemical and other from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28 - HVC_primary_fraction: 0.45 # fraction of today's HVC produced via primary route - HVC_mechanical_recycling_fraction: 0.30 # fraction of today's HVC produced via mechanical recycling - HVC_chemical_recycling_fraction: 0.15 # fraction of today's HVC produced via chemical recycling - HVC_production_today: 52. # MtHVC/a from DECHEMA (2017), Figure 16, page 107; includes ethylene, propylene and BTX - MWh_elec_per_tHVC_mechanical_recycling: 0.547 # from SI of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105010, Table S5, for HDPE, PP, PS, PET. LDPE would be 0.756. - MWh_elec_per_tHVC_chemical_recycling: 6.9 # Material Economics (2019), page 125; based on pyrolysis and electric steam cracking - chlorine_production_today: 9.58 # MtCl/a from DECHEMA (2017), Table 7, page 43 - MWh_elec_per_tCl: 3.6 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 6, page 43 - MWh_H2_per_tCl: -0.9372 # DECHEMA (2017), page 43; negative since hydrogen produced in chloralkali process - methanol_production_today: 1.5 # MtMeOH/a from DECHEMA (2017), page 62 - MWh_elec_per_tMeOH: 0.167 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65 - MWh_CH4_per_tMeOH: 10.25 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65 - hotmaps_locate_missing: false - reference_year: 2015 - # references: - # DECHEMA (2017): https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry-p-20002750.pdf - # Material Economics (2019): https://materialeconomics.com/latest-updates/industrial-transformation-2050 - -costs: - lifetime: 25 #default lifetime - # From a Lion Hirth paper, also reflects average of Noothout et al 2016 - discountrate: 0.07 - # [EUR/USD] ECB: https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/exchange/eurofxref/html/eurofxref-graph-usd.en.html # noqa: E501 - USD2013_to_EUR2013: 0.7532 - - # Marginal and capital costs can be overwritten - # capital_cost: - # onwind: 500 - marginal_cost: - solar: 0.01 - onwind: 0.015 - offwind: 0.015 - hydro: 0. - H2: 0. - battery: 0. - - emission_prices: # only used with the option Ep (emission prices) - co2: 0. - - lines: - length_factor: 1.25 #to estimate offwind connection costs - - -solving: - #tmpdir: "path/to/tmp" - options: - formulation: kirchhoff - clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2 - load_shedding: false - noisy_costs: true - skip_iterations: true - track_iterations: false - min_iterations: 4 - max_iterations: 6 - keep_shadowprices: - - Bus - - Line - - Link - - Transformer - - GlobalConstraint - - Generator - - Store - - StorageUnit - solver: - name: gurobi - threads: 4 - method: 2 # barrier - crossover: 0 - BarConvTol: 1.e-4 - Seed: 123 - AggFill: 0 - PreDual: 0 - GURO_PAR_BARDENSETHRESH: 200 - #FeasibilityTol: 1.e-6 - - #name: cplex - #threads: 4 - #lpmethod: 4 # barrier - #solutiontype: 2 # non basic solution, ie no crossover - #barrier_convergetol: 1.e-5 - #feasopt_tolerance: 1.e-6 - mem: 126000 #memory in MB; 20 GB enough for 50+B+I+H2; 100 GB for 181+B+I+H2 - - -plotting: - map: - boundaries: [-11, 30, 34, 71] - color_geomap: - ocean: white - land: white - costs_max: 1000 - costs_threshold: 1 - energy_max: 20000 - energy_min: -20000 - energy_threshold: 50 - vre_techs: - - onwind - - offwind-ac - - offwind-dc - - solar - - ror - renewable_storage_techs: - - PHS - - hydro - conv_techs: - - OCGT - - CCGT - - Nuclear - - Coal - storage_techs: - - hydro+PHS - - battery - - H2 - load_carriers: - - AC load - AC_carriers: - - AC line - - AC transformer - link_carriers: - - DC line - - Converter AC-DC - heat_links: - - heat pump - - resistive heater - - CHP heat - - CHP electric - - gas boiler - - central heat pump - - central resistive heater - - central CHP heat - - central CHP electric - - central gas boiler - heat_generators: - - gas boiler - - central gas boiler - - solar thermal collector - - central solar thermal collector - tech_colors: - # wind - onwind: "#235ebc" - onshore wind: "#235ebc" - offwind: "#6895dd" - offshore wind: "#6895dd" - offwind-ac: "#6895dd" - offshore wind (AC): "#6895dd" - offwind-dc: "#74c6f2" - offshore wind (DC): "#74c6f2" - # water - hydro: '#298c81' - hydro reservoir: '#298c81' - ror: '#3dbfb0' - run of river: '#3dbfb0' - hydroelectricity: '#298c81' - PHS: '#51dbcc' - wave: '#a7d4cf' - # solar - solar: "#f9d002" - solar PV: "#f9d002" - solar thermal: '#ffbf2b' - solar rooftop: '#ffea80' - # gas - OCGT: '#e0986c' - OCGT marginal: '#e0986c' - OCGT-heat: '#e0986c' - gas boiler: '#db6a25' - gas boilers: '#db6a25' - gas boiler marginal: '#db6a25' - gas: '#e05b09' - natural gas: '#e05b09' - CCGT: '#a85522' - CCGT marginal: '#a85522' - gas for industry co2 to atmosphere: '#692e0a' - gas for industry co2 to stored: '#8a3400' - gas for industry: '#853403' - gas for industry CC: '#692e0a' - gas pipeline: '#ebbca0' - # oil - oil: '#c9c9c9' - oil boiler: '#adadad' - agriculture machinery oil: '#949494' - shipping oil: "#808080" - land transport oil: '#afafaf' - # nuclear - Nuclear: '#ff8c00' - Nuclear marginal: '#ff8c00' - nuclear: '#ff8c00' - uranium: '#ff8c00' - # coal - Coal: '#545454' - coal: '#545454' - Coal marginal: '#545454' - Lignite: '#826837' - lignite: '#826837' - Lignite marginal: '#826837' - # biomass - biogas: '#e3d37d' - solid biomass: '#baa741' - solid biomass transport: '#baa741' - solid biomass for industry: '#7a6d26' - solid biomass for industry CC: '#47411c' - solid biomass for industry co2 from atmosphere: '#736412' - solid biomass for industry co2 to stored: '#47411c' - # power transmission - lines: '#6c9459' - transmission lines: '#6c9459' - electricity distribution grid: '#97ad8c' - # electricity demand - Electric load: '#110d63' - electric demand: '#110d63' - electricity: '#110d63' - industry electricity: '#2d2a66' - industry new electricity: '#2d2a66' - agriculture electricity: '#494778' - # battery + EVs - battery: '#ace37f' - battery storage: '#ace37f' - home battery: '#80c944' - home battery storage: '#80c944' - BEV charger: '#baf238' - V2G: '#e5ffa8' - land transport EV: '#baf238' - Li ion: '#baf238' - # hot water storage - water tanks: '#e69487' - hot water storage: '#e69487' - hot water charging: '#e69487' - hot water discharging: '#e69487' - # heat demand - Heat load: '#cc1f1f' - heat: '#cc1f1f' - heat demand: '#cc1f1f' - rural heat: '#ff5c5c' - central heat: '#cc1f1f' - decentral heat: '#750606' - low-temperature heat for industry: '#8f2727' - process heat: '#ff0000' - agriculture heat: '#d9a5a5' - # heat supply - heat pumps: '#2fb537' - heat pump: '#2fb537' - air heat pump: '#36eb41' - ground heat pump: '#2fb537' - Ambient: '#98eb9d' - CHP: '#8a5751' - CHP CC: '#634643' - CHP heat: '#8a5751' - CHP electric: '#8a5751' - district heating: '#e8beac' - resistive heater: '#c78536' - retrofitting: '#8487e8' - building retrofitting: '#8487e8' - # hydrogen - H2 for industry: "#f073da" - H2 for shipping: "#ebaee0" - H2: '#bf13a0' - SMR: '#870c71' - SMR CC: '#4f1745' - H2 liquefaction: '#d647bd' - hydrogen storage: '#bf13a0' - land transport fuel cell: '#6b3161' - H2 pipeline: '#f081dc' - H2 Fuel Cell: '#c251ae' - H2 Electrolysis: '#ff29d9' - # syngas - Sabatier: '#9850ad' - methanation: '#c44ce6' - helmeth: '#e899ff' - # synfuels - Fischer-Tropsch: '#25c49a' - kerosene for aviation: '#a1ffe6' - naphtha for industry: '#57ebc4' - # co2 - CC: '#9e132c' - CO2 sequestration: '#9e132c' - DAC: '#ff5270' - co2 stored: '#f2385a' - co2: '#f29dae' - co2 vent: '#ffd4dc' - CO2 pipeline: '#f5627f' - # emissions - process emissions CC: '#000000' - process emissions: '#222222' - process emissions to stored: '#444444' - process emissions to atmosphere: '#888888' - oil emissions: '#aaaaaa' - shipping oil emissions: "#555555" - land transport oil emissions: '#777777' - agriculture machinery oil emissions: '#333333' - # other - shipping: '#03a2ff' - power-to-heat: '#cc1f1f' - power-to-gas: '#c44ce6' - power-to-liquid: '#25c49a' - gas-to-power/heat: '#ee8340' diff --git a/config.decentral.yaml b/config.decentral.yaml deleted file mode 100644 index 5d1489ea..00000000 --- a/config.decentral.yaml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,592 +0,0 @@ -version: 0.6.0 - -logging_level: INFO - -results_dir: results/ -summary_dir: results -costs_dir: ../technology-data/outputs/ -run: 20211218-181-decentral # use this to keep track of runs with different settings -foresight: overnight # options are overnight, myopic, perfect (perfect is not yet implemented) -# if you use myopic or perfect foresight, set the investment years in "planning_horizons" below - -scenario: - simpl: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur - - '' - lv: # allowed transmission line volume expansion, can be any float >= 1.0 (today) or "opt" - - opt - clusters: # number of nodes in Europe, any integer between 37 (1 node per country-zone) and several hundred - - 181 - opts: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur - - '' - sector_opts: # this is where the main scenario settings are - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-decentral - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-decentral-noH2network - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-decentral-onwind+p0 - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-decentral-noH2network-onwind+p0 - # to really understand the options here, look in scripts/prepare_sector_network.py - # Co2Lx specifies the CO2 target in x% of the 1990 values; default will give default (5%); - # Co2L0p25 will give 25% CO2 emissions; Co2Lm0p05 will give 5% negative emissions - # xH is the temporal resolution; 3H is 3-hourly, i.e. one snapshot every 3 hours - # single letters are sectors: T for land transport, H for building heating, - # B for biomass supply, I for industry, shipping and aviation, - # A for agriculture, forestry and fishing - # solar+c0.5 reduces the capital cost of solar to 50\% of reference value - # solar+p3 multiplies the available installable potential by factor 3 - # co2 stored+e2 multiplies the potential of CO2 sequestration by a factor 2 - # dist{n} includes distribution grids with investment cost of n times cost in data/costs.csv - # for myopic/perfect foresight cb states the carbon budget in GtCO2 (cumulative - # emissions throughout the transition path in the timeframe determined by the - # planning_horizons), be:beta decay; ex:exponential decay - # cb40ex0 distributes a carbon budget of 40 GtCO2 following an exponential - # decay with initial growth rate 0 - planning_horizons: # investment years for myopic and perfect; or costs year for overnight - - 2030 - # for example, set to [2020, 2030, 2040, 2050] for myopic foresight - -# CO2 budget as a fraction of 1990 emissions -# this is over-ridden if CO2Lx is set in sector_opts -# this is also over-ridden if cb is set in sector_opts -co2_budget: - 2020: 0.7011648746 - 2025: 0.5241935484 - 2030: 0.2970430108 - 2035: 0.1500896057 - 2040: 0.0712365591 - 2045: 0.0322580645 - 2050: 0 - -# snapshots are originally set in PyPSA-Eur/config.yaml but used again by PyPSA-Eur-Sec -snapshots: - # arguments to pd.date_range - start: "2013-01-01" - end: "2014-01-01" - closed: left # end is not inclusive - -atlite: - cutout: ../pypsa-eur/cutouts/europe-2013-era5.nc - -# this information is NOT used but needed as an argument for -# pypsa-eur/scripts/add_electricity.py/load_costs in make_summary.py -electricity: - max_hours: - battery: 6 - H2: 168 - -# regulate what components with which carriers are kept from PyPSA-Eur; -# some technologies are removed because they are implemented differently -# (e.g. battery or H2 storage) or have different year-dependent costs -# in PyPSA-Eur-Sec -pypsa_eur: - Bus: - - AC - Link: - - DC - Generator: - - onwind - - offwind-ac - - offwind-dc - - solar - - ror - StorageUnit: - - PHS - - hydro - Store: [] - - -energy: - energy_totals_year: 2011 - base_emissions_year: 1990 - eurostat_report_year: 2016 - emissions: CO2 # "CO2" or "All greenhouse gases - (CO2 equivalent)" - -biomass: - year: 2030 - scenario: ENS_Med - classes: - solid biomass: - - Agricultural waste - - Fuelwood residues - - Secondary Forestry residues - woodchips - - Sawdust - - Residues from landscape care - - Municipal waste - not included: - - Sugar from sugar beet - - Rape seed - - "Sunflower, soya seed " - - Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye - - Miscanthus, switchgrass, RCG - - Willow - - Poplar - - FuelwoodRW - - C&P_RW - biogas: - - Manure solid, liquid - - Sludge - - -solar_thermal: - clearsky_model: simple # should be "simple" or "enhanced"? - orientation: - slope: 45. - azimuth: 180. - -# only relevant for foresight = myopic or perfect -existing_capacities: - grouping_years: [1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2019] - threshold_capacity: 10 - conventional_carriers: - - lignite - - coal - - oil - - uranium - - -sector: - district_heating: - potential: 0.6 # maximum fraction of urban demand which can be supplied by district heating - # increase of today's district heating demand to potential maximum district heating share - # progress = 0 means today's district heating share, progress = 1 means maximum fraction of urban demand is supplied by district heating - progress: 1 - # 2020: 0.0 - # 2030: 0.3 - # 2040: 0.6 - # 2050: 1.0 - district_heating_loss: 0.15 - bev_dsm_restriction_value: 0.75 #Set to 0 for no restriction on BEV DSM - bev_dsm_restriction_time: 7 #Time at which SOC of BEV has to be dsm_restriction_value - transport_heating_deadband_upper: 20. - transport_heating_deadband_lower: 15. - ICE_lower_degree_factor: 0.375 #in per cent increase in fuel consumption per degree above deadband - ICE_upper_degree_factor: 1.6 - EV_lower_degree_factor: 0.98 - EV_upper_degree_factor: 0.63 - bev_dsm: true #turns on EV battery - bev_availability: 0.5 #How many cars do smart charging - bev_energy: 0.05 #average battery size in MWh - bev_charge_efficiency: 0.9 #BEV (dis-)charging efficiency - bev_plug_to_wheel_efficiency: 0.2 #kWh/km from EPA https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/ for Tesla Model S - bev_charge_rate: 0.011 #3-phase charger with 11 kW - bev_avail_max: 0.95 - bev_avail_mean: 0.8 - v2g: true #allows feed-in to grid from EV battery - #what is not EV or FCEV is oil-fuelled ICE - land_transport_fuel_cell_share: 0.15 # 1 means all FCEVs - # 2020: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2040: 0.1 - # 2050: 0.15 - land_transport_electric_share: 0.85 # 1 means all EVs - # 2020: 0 - # 2030: 0.25 - # 2040: 0.6 - # 2050: 0.85 - transport_fuel_cell_efficiency: 0.5 - transport_internal_combustion_efficiency: 0.3 - agriculture_machinery_electric_share: 0 - agriculture_machinery_fuel_efficiency: 0.7 # fuel oil per use - agriculture_machinery_electric_efficiency: 0.3 # electricity per use - shipping_average_efficiency: 0.4 #For conversion of fuel oil to propulsion in 2011 - shipping_hydrogen_liquefaction: true # whether to consider liquefaction costs for shipping H2 demands - shipping_hydrogen_share: 1 # 1 means all hydrogen FC - # 2020: 0 - # 2025: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2035: 0.15 - # 2040: 0.3 - # 2045: 0.6 - # 2050: 1 - time_dep_hp_cop: true #time dependent heat pump coefficient of performance - heat_pump_sink_T: 55. # Celsius, based on DTU / large area radiators; used in build_cop_profiles.py - # conservatively high to cover hot water and space heating in poorly-insulated buildings - reduce_space_heat_exogenously: true # reduces space heat demand by a given factor (applied before losses in DH) - # this can represent e.g. building renovation, building demolition, or if - # the factor is negative: increasing floor area, increased thermal comfort, population growth - reduce_space_heat_exogenously_factor: 0.29 # per unit reduction in space heat demand - # the default factors are determined by the LTS scenario from http://tool.european-calculator.eu/app/buildings/building-types-area/?levers=1ddd4444421213bdbbbddd44444ffffff11f411111221111211l212221 - # 2020: 0.10 # this results in a space heat demand reduction of 10% - # 2025: 0.09 # first heat demand increases compared to 2020 because of larger floor area per capita - # 2030: 0.09 - # 2035: 0.11 - # 2040: 0.16 - # 2045: 0.21 - # 2050: 0.29 - retrofitting : # co-optimises building renovation to reduce space heat demand - retro_endogen: false # co-optimise space heat savings - cost_factor: 1.0 # weight costs for building renovation - interest_rate: 0.04 # for investment in building components - annualise_cost: true # annualise the investment costs - tax_weighting: false # weight costs depending on taxes in countries - construction_index: true # weight costs depending on labour/material costs per country - tes: true - tes_tau: # 180 day time constant for centralised, 3 day for decentralised - decentral: 3 - central: 180 - boilers: true - oil_boilers: false - chp: true - micro_chp: false - solar_thermal: true - solar_cf_correction: 0.788457 # = >>> 1/1.2683 - marginal_cost_storage: 0. #1e-4 - methanation: true - helmeth: false - dac: true - co2_vent: false - SMR: true - co2_sequestration_potential: 200 #MtCO2/a sequestration potential for Europe - co2_sequestration_cost: 20 #EUR/tCO2 for sequestration of CO2 - co2_network: false - cc_fraction: 0.9 # default fraction of CO2 captured with post-combustion capture - hydrogen_underground_storage: true - hydrogen_underground_storage_locations: - # - onshore # more than 50 km from sea - - nearshore # within 50 km of sea - # - offshore - use_fischer_tropsch_waste_heat: true - use_fuel_cell_waste_heat: true - electricity_distribution_grid: true - electricity_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv - electricity_grid_connection: true # only applies to onshore wind and utility PV - H2_network: true - gas_network: false - H2_retrofit: true # if set to True existing gas pipes can be retrofitted to H2 pipes - # according to hydrogen backbone strategy (April, 2020) p.15 - # https://gasforclimate2050.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020_European-Hydrogen-Backbone_Report.pdf - # 60% of original natural gas capacity could be used in cost-optimal case as H2 capacity - H2_retrofit_capacity_per_CH4: 0.6 # ratio for H2 capacity per original CH4 capacity of retrofitted pipelines - gas_network_connectivity_upgrade: 1 # https://networkx.org/documentation/stable/reference/algorithms/generated/networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation.html#networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation - gas_distribution_grid: true - gas_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv - biomass_transport: false # biomass transport between nodes - conventional_generation: # generator : carrier - OCGT: gas - - -industry: - St_primary_fraction: 0.3 # fraction of steel produced via primary route versus secondary route (scrap+EAF); today fraction is 0.6 - # 2020: 0.6 - # 2025: 0.55 - # 2030: 0.5 - # 2035: 0.45 - # 2040: 0.4 - # 2045: 0.35 - # 2050: 0.3 - DRI_fraction: 1 # fraction of the primary route converted to DRI + EAF - # 2020: 0 - # 2025: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2035: 0.2 - # 2040: 0.4 - # 2045: 0.7 - # 2050: 1 - H2_DRI: 1.7 #H2 consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI), MWh_H2,LHV/ton_Steel from 51kgH2/tSt in Vogl et al (2018) doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.279 - elec_DRI: 0.322 #electricity consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) shaft, MWh/tSt HYBRIT brochure https://ssabwebsitecdn.azureedge.net/-/media/hybrit/files/hybrit_brochure.pdf - Al_primary_fraction: 0.2 # fraction of aluminium produced via the primary route versus scrap; today fraction is 0.4 - # 2020: 0.4 - # 2025: 0.375 - # 2030: 0.35 - # 2035: 0.325 - # 2040: 0.3 - # 2045: 0.25 - # 2050: 0.2 - MWh_CH4_per_tNH3_SMR: 10.8 # 2012's demand from https://ec.europa.eu/docsroom/documents/4165/attachments/1/translations/en/renditions/pdf - MWh_elec_per_tNH3_SMR: 0.7 # same source, assuming 94-6% split methane-elec of total energy demand 11.5 MWh/tNH3 - MWh_H2_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 6.5 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017, around 0.197 tH2/tHN3 (>3/17 since some H2 lost and used for energy) - MWh_elec_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 1.17 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017 Table 13 (air separation and HB) - NH3_process_emissions: 24.5 # in MtCO2/a from SMR for H2 production for NH3 from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28 - petrochemical_process_emissions: 25.5 # in MtCO2/a for petrochemical and other from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28 - HVC_primary_fraction: 0.45 # fraction of today's HVC produced via primary route - HVC_mechanical_recycling_fraction: 0.30 # fraction of today's HVC produced via mechanical recycling - HVC_chemical_recycling_fraction: 0.15 # fraction of today's HVC produced via chemical recycling - HVC_production_today: 52. # MtHVC/a from DECHEMA (2017), Figure 16, page 107; includes ethylene, propylene and BTX - MWh_elec_per_tHVC_mechanical_recycling: 0.547 # from SI of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105010, Table S5, for HDPE, PP, PS, PET. LDPE would be 0.756. - MWh_elec_per_tHVC_chemical_recycling: 6.9 # Material Economics (2019), page 125; based on pyrolysis and electric steam cracking - chlorine_production_today: 9.58 # MtCl/a from DECHEMA (2017), Table 7, page 43 - MWh_elec_per_tCl: 3.6 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 6, page 43 - MWh_H2_per_tCl: -0.9372 # DECHEMA (2017), page 43; negative since hydrogen produced in chloralkali process - methanol_production_today: 1.5 # MtMeOH/a from DECHEMA (2017), page 62 - MWh_elec_per_tMeOH: 0.167 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65 - MWh_CH4_per_tMeOH: 10.25 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65 - hotmaps_locate_missing: false - reference_year: 2015 - # references: - # DECHEMA (2017): https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry-p-20002750.pdf - # Material Economics (2019): https://materialeconomics.com/latest-updates/industrial-transformation-2050 - -costs: - lifetime: 25 #default lifetime - # From a Lion Hirth paper, also reflects average of Noothout et al 2016 - discountrate: 0.07 - # [EUR/USD] ECB: https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/exchange/eurofxref/html/eurofxref-graph-usd.en.html # noqa: E501 - USD2013_to_EUR2013: 0.7532 - - # Marginal and capital costs can be overwritten - # capital_cost: - # onwind: 500 - marginal_cost: - solar: 0.01 - onwind: 0.015 - offwind: 0.015 - hydro: 0. - H2: 0. - battery: 0. - - emission_prices: # only used with the option Ep (emission prices) - co2: 0. - - lines: - length_factor: 1.25 #to estimate offwind connection costs - - -solving: - #tmpdir: "path/to/tmp" - options: - formulation: kirchhoff - clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2 - load_shedding: false - noisy_costs: true - skip_iterations: true - track_iterations: false - min_iterations: 4 - max_iterations: 6 - keep_shadowprices: - - Bus - - Line - - Link - - Transformer - - GlobalConstraint - - Generator - - Store - - StorageUnit - solver: - name: gurobi - threads: 4 - method: 2 # barrier - crossover: 0 - BarConvTol: 1.e-4 - Seed: 123 - AggFill: 0 - PreDual: 0 - GURO_PAR_BARDENSETHRESH: 200 - #FeasibilityTol: 1.e-6 - - #name: cplex - #threads: 4 - #lpmethod: 4 # barrier - #solutiontype: 2 # non basic solution, ie no crossover - #barrier_convergetol: 1.e-5 - #feasopt_tolerance: 1.e-6 - mem: 126000 #memory in MB; 20 GB enough for 50+B+I+H2; 100 GB for 181+B+I+H2 - - -plotting: - map: - boundaries: [-11, 30, 34, 71] - color_geomap: - ocean: white - land: white - costs_max: 1000 - costs_threshold: 1 - energy_max: 20000 - energy_min: -20000 - energy_threshold: 50 - vre_techs: - - onwind - - offwind-ac - - offwind-dc - - solar - - ror - renewable_storage_techs: - - PHS - - hydro - conv_techs: - - OCGT - - CCGT - - Nuclear - - Coal - storage_techs: - - hydro+PHS - - battery - - H2 - load_carriers: - - AC load - AC_carriers: - - AC line - - AC transformer - link_carriers: - - DC line - - Converter AC-DC - heat_links: - - heat pump - - resistive heater - - CHP heat - - CHP electric - - gas boiler - - central heat pump - - central resistive heater - - central CHP heat - - central CHP electric - - central gas boiler - heat_generators: - - gas boiler - - central gas boiler - - solar thermal collector - - central solar thermal collector - tech_colors: - # wind - onwind: "#235ebc" - onshore wind: "#235ebc" - offwind: "#6895dd" - offshore wind: "#6895dd" - offwind-ac: "#6895dd" - offshore wind (AC): "#6895dd" - offwind-dc: "#74c6f2" - offshore wind (DC): "#74c6f2" - # water - hydro: '#298c81' - hydro reservoir: '#298c81' - ror: '#3dbfb0' - run of river: '#3dbfb0' - hydroelectricity: '#298c81' - PHS: '#51dbcc' - wave: '#a7d4cf' - # solar - solar: "#f9d002" - solar PV: "#f9d002" - solar thermal: '#ffbf2b' - solar rooftop: '#ffea80' - # gas - OCGT: '#e0986c' - OCGT marginal: '#e0986c' - OCGT-heat: '#e0986c' - gas boiler: '#db6a25' - gas boilers: '#db6a25' - gas boiler marginal: '#db6a25' - gas: '#e05b09' - natural gas: '#e05b09' - CCGT: '#a85522' - CCGT marginal: '#a85522' - gas for industry co2 to atmosphere: '#692e0a' - gas for industry co2 to stored: '#8a3400' - gas for industry: '#853403' - gas for industry CC: '#692e0a' - gas pipeline: '#ebbca0' - # oil - oil: '#c9c9c9' - oil boiler: '#adadad' - agriculture machinery oil: '#949494' - shipping oil: "#808080" - land transport oil: '#afafaf' - # nuclear - Nuclear: '#ff8c00' - Nuclear marginal: '#ff8c00' - nuclear: '#ff8c00' - uranium: '#ff8c00' - # coal - Coal: '#545454' - coal: '#545454' - Coal marginal: '#545454' - Lignite: '#826837' - lignite: '#826837' - Lignite marginal: '#826837' - # biomass - biogas: '#e3d37d' - solid biomass: '#baa741' - solid biomass transport: '#baa741' - solid biomass for industry: '#7a6d26' - solid biomass for industry CC: '#47411c' - solid biomass for industry co2 from atmosphere: '#736412' - solid biomass for industry co2 to stored: '#47411c' - # power transmission - lines: '#6c9459' - transmission lines: '#6c9459' - electricity distribution grid: '#97ad8c' - # electricity demand - Electric load: '#110d63' - electric demand: '#110d63' - electricity: '#110d63' - industry electricity: '#2d2a66' - industry new electricity: '#2d2a66' - agriculture electricity: '#494778' - # battery + EVs - battery: '#ace37f' - battery storage: '#ace37f' - home battery: '#80c944' - home battery storage: '#80c944' - BEV charger: '#baf238' - V2G: '#e5ffa8' - land transport EV: '#baf238' - Li ion: '#baf238' - # hot water storage - water tanks: '#e69487' - hot water storage: '#e69487' - hot water charging: '#e69487' - hot water discharging: '#e69487' - # heat demand - Heat load: '#cc1f1f' - heat: '#cc1f1f' - heat demand: '#cc1f1f' - rural heat: '#ff5c5c' - central heat: '#cc1f1f' - decentral heat: '#750606' - low-temperature heat for industry: '#8f2727' - process heat: '#ff0000' - agriculture heat: '#d9a5a5' - # heat supply - heat pumps: '#2fb537' - heat pump: '#2fb537' - air heat pump: '#36eb41' - ground heat pump: '#2fb537' - Ambient: '#98eb9d' - CHP: '#8a5751' - CHP CC: '#634643' - CHP heat: '#8a5751' - CHP electric: '#8a5751' - district heating: '#e8beac' - resistive heater: '#c78536' - retrofitting: '#8487e8' - building retrofitting: '#8487e8' - # hydrogen - H2 for industry: "#f073da" - H2 for shipping: "#ebaee0" - H2: '#bf13a0' - SMR: '#870c71' - SMR CC: '#4f1745' - H2 liquefaction: '#d647bd' - hydrogen storage: '#bf13a0' - land transport fuel cell: '#6b3161' - H2 pipeline: '#f081dc' - H2 Fuel Cell: '#c251ae' - H2 Electrolysis: '#ff29d9' - # syngas - Sabatier: '#9850ad' - methanation: '#c44ce6' - helmeth: '#e899ff' - # synfuels - Fischer-Tropsch: '#25c49a' - kerosene for aviation: '#a1ffe6' - naphtha for industry: '#57ebc4' - # co2 - CC: '#9e132c' - CO2 sequestration: '#9e132c' - DAC: '#ff5270' - co2 stored: '#f2385a' - co2: '#f29dae' - co2 vent: '#ffd4dc' - CO2 pipeline: '#f5627f' - # emissions - process emissions CC: '#000000' - process emissions: '#222222' - process emissions to stored: '#444444' - process emissions to atmosphere: '#888888' - oil emissions: '#aaaaaa' - shipping oil emissions: "#555555" - land transport oil emissions: '#777777' - agriculture machinery oil emissions: '#333333' - # other - shipping: '#03a2ff' - power-to-heat: '#cc1f1f' - power-to-gas: '#c44ce6' - power-to-liquid: '#25c49a' - gas-to-power/heat: '#ee8340' diff --git a/config.gas.yaml b/config.gas.yaml deleted file mode 100644 index e31abd80..00000000 --- a/config.gas.yaml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,590 +0,0 @@ -version: 0.6.0 - -logging_level: INFO - -results_dir: results/ -summary_dir: results -costs_dir: ../technology-data/outputs/ -run: 20211218-181-gas # use this to keep track of runs with different settings -foresight: overnight # options are overnight, myopic, perfect (perfect is not yet implemented) -# if you use myopic or perfect foresight, set the investment years in "planning_horizons" below - -scenario: - simpl: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur - - '' - lv: # allowed transmission line volume expansion, can be any float >= 1.0 (today) or "opt" - - 1.0 - - 1.5 - clusters: # number of nodes in Europe, any integer between 37 (1 node per country-zone) and several hundred - - 181 - opts: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur - - '' - sector_opts: # this is where the main scenario settings are - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10 - # to really understand the options here, look in scripts/prepare_sector_network.py - # Co2Lx specifies the CO2 target in x% of the 1990 values; default will give default (5%); - # Co2L0p25 will give 25% CO2 emissions; Co2Lm0p05 will give 5% negative emissions - # xH is the temporal resolution; 3H is 3-hourly, i.e. one snapshot every 3 hours - # single letters are sectors: T for land transport, H for building heating, - # B for biomass supply, I for industry, shipping and aviation, - # A for agriculture, forestry and fishing - # solar+c0.5 reduces the capital cost of solar to 50\% of reference value - # solar+p3 multiplies the available installable potential by factor 3 - # co2 stored+e2 multiplies the potential of CO2 sequestration by a factor 2 - # dist{n} includes distribution grids with investment cost of n times cost in data/costs.csv - # for myopic/perfect foresight cb states the carbon budget in GtCO2 (cumulative - # emissions throughout the transition path in the timeframe determined by the - # planning_horizons), be:beta decay; ex:exponential decay - # cb40ex0 distributes a carbon budget of 40 GtCO2 following an exponential - # decay with initial growth rate 0 - planning_horizons: # investment years for myopic and perfect; or costs year for overnight - - 2030 - # for example, set to [2020, 2030, 2040, 2050] for myopic foresight - -# CO2 budget as a fraction of 1990 emissions -# this is over-ridden if CO2Lx is set in sector_opts -# this is also over-ridden if cb is set in sector_opts -co2_budget: - 2020: 0.7011648746 - 2025: 0.5241935484 - 2030: 0.2970430108 - 2035: 0.1500896057 - 2040: 0.0712365591 - 2045: 0.0322580645 - 2050: 0 - -# snapshots are originally set in PyPSA-Eur/config.yaml but used again by PyPSA-Eur-Sec -snapshots: - # arguments to pd.date_range - start: "2013-01-01" - end: "2014-01-01" - closed: left # end is not inclusive - -atlite: - cutout: ../pypsa-eur/cutouts/europe-2013-era5.nc - -# this information is NOT used but needed as an argument for -# pypsa-eur/scripts/add_electricity.py/load_costs in make_summary.py -electricity: - max_hours: - battery: 6 - H2: 168 - -# regulate what components with which carriers are kept from PyPSA-Eur; -# some technologies are removed because they are implemented differently -# (e.g. battery or H2 storage) or have different year-dependent costs -# in PyPSA-Eur-Sec -pypsa_eur: - Bus: - - AC - Link: - - DC - Generator: - - onwind - - offwind-ac - - offwind-dc - - solar - - ror - StorageUnit: - - PHS - - hydro - Store: [] - - -energy: - energy_totals_year: 2011 - base_emissions_year: 1990 - eurostat_report_year: 2016 - emissions: CO2 # "CO2" or "All greenhouse gases - (CO2 equivalent)" - -biomass: - year: 2030 - scenario: ENS_Med - classes: - solid biomass: - - Agricultural waste - - Fuelwood residues - - Secondary Forestry residues - woodchips - - Sawdust - - Residues from landscape care - - Municipal waste - not included: - - Sugar from sugar beet - - Rape seed - - "Sunflower, soya seed " - - Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye - - Miscanthus, switchgrass, RCG - - Willow - - Poplar - - FuelwoodRW - - C&P_RW - biogas: - - Manure solid, liquid - - Sludge - - -solar_thermal: - clearsky_model: simple # should be "simple" or "enhanced"? - orientation: - slope: 45. - azimuth: 180. - -# only relevant for foresight = myopic or perfect -existing_capacities: - grouping_years: [1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2019] - threshold_capacity: 10 - conventional_carriers: - - lignite - - coal - - oil - - uranium - - -sector: - district_heating: - potential: 0.6 # maximum fraction of urban demand which can be supplied by district heating - # increase of today's district heating demand to potential maximum district heating share - # progress = 0 means today's district heating share, progress = 1 means maximum fraction of urban demand is supplied by district heating - progress: 1 - # 2020: 0.0 - # 2030: 0.3 - # 2040: 0.6 - # 2050: 1.0 - district_heating_loss: 0.15 - bev_dsm_restriction_value: 0.75 #Set to 0 for no restriction on BEV DSM - bev_dsm_restriction_time: 7 #Time at which SOC of BEV has to be dsm_restriction_value - transport_heating_deadband_upper: 20. - transport_heating_deadband_lower: 15. - ICE_lower_degree_factor: 0.375 #in per cent increase in fuel consumption per degree above deadband - ICE_upper_degree_factor: 1.6 - EV_lower_degree_factor: 0.98 - EV_upper_degree_factor: 0.63 - bev_dsm: true #turns on EV battery - bev_availability: 0.5 #How many cars do smart charging - bev_energy: 0.05 #average battery size in MWh - bev_charge_efficiency: 0.9 #BEV (dis-)charging efficiency - bev_plug_to_wheel_efficiency: 0.2 #kWh/km from EPA https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/ for Tesla Model S - bev_charge_rate: 0.011 #3-phase charger with 11 kW - bev_avail_max: 0.95 - bev_avail_mean: 0.8 - v2g: true #allows feed-in to grid from EV battery - #what is not EV or FCEV is oil-fuelled ICE - land_transport_fuel_cell_share: 0.15 # 1 means all FCEVs - # 2020: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2040: 0.1 - # 2050: 0.15 - land_transport_electric_share: 0.85 # 1 means all EVs - # 2020: 0 - # 2030: 0.25 - # 2040: 0.6 - # 2050: 0.85 - transport_fuel_cell_efficiency: 0.5 - transport_internal_combustion_efficiency: 0.3 - agriculture_machinery_electric_share: 0 - agriculture_machinery_fuel_efficiency: 0.7 # fuel oil per use - agriculture_machinery_electric_efficiency: 0.3 # electricity per use - shipping_average_efficiency: 0.4 #For conversion of fuel oil to propulsion in 2011 - shipping_hydrogen_liquefaction: true # whether to consider liquefaction costs for shipping H2 demands - shipping_hydrogen_share: 1 # 1 means all hydrogen FC - # 2020: 0 - # 2025: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2035: 0.15 - # 2040: 0.3 - # 2045: 0.6 - # 2050: 1 - time_dep_hp_cop: true #time dependent heat pump coefficient of performance - heat_pump_sink_T: 55. # Celsius, based on DTU / large area radiators; used in build_cop_profiles.py - # conservatively high to cover hot water and space heating in poorly-insulated buildings - reduce_space_heat_exogenously: true # reduces space heat demand by a given factor (applied before losses in DH) - # this can represent e.g. building renovation, building demolition, or if - # the factor is negative: increasing floor area, increased thermal comfort, population growth - reduce_space_heat_exogenously_factor: 0.29 # per unit reduction in space heat demand - # the default factors are determined by the LTS scenario from http://tool.european-calculator.eu/app/buildings/building-types-area/?levers=1ddd4444421213bdbbbddd44444ffffff11f411111221111211l212221 - # 2020: 0.10 # this results in a space heat demand reduction of 10% - # 2025: 0.09 # first heat demand increases compared to 2020 because of larger floor area per capita - # 2030: 0.09 - # 2035: 0.11 - # 2040: 0.16 - # 2045: 0.21 - # 2050: 0.29 - retrofitting : # co-optimises building renovation to reduce space heat demand - retro_endogen: false # co-optimise space heat savings - cost_factor: 1.0 # weight costs for building renovation - interest_rate: 0.04 # for investment in building components - annualise_cost: true # annualise the investment costs - tax_weighting: false # weight costs depending on taxes in countries - construction_index: true # weight costs depending on labour/material costs per country - tes: true - tes_tau: # 180 day time constant for centralised, 3 day for decentralised - decentral: 3 - central: 180 - boilers: true - oil_boilers: false - chp: true - micro_chp: false - solar_thermal: true - solar_cf_correction: 0.788457 # = >>> 1/1.2683 - marginal_cost_storage: 0. #1e-4 - methanation: true - helmeth: false - dac: true - co2_vent: false - SMR: true - co2_sequestration_potential: 200 #MtCO2/a sequestration potential for Europe - co2_sequestration_cost: 20 #EUR/tCO2 for sequestration of CO2 - co2_network: false - cc_fraction: 0.9 # default fraction of CO2 captured with post-combustion capture - hydrogen_underground_storage: true - hydrogen_underground_storage_locations: - # - onshore # more than 50 km from sea - - nearshore # within 50 km of sea - # - offshore - use_fischer_tropsch_waste_heat: true - use_fuel_cell_waste_heat: true - electricity_distribution_grid: true - electricity_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv - electricity_grid_connection: true # only applies to onshore wind and utility PV - H2_network: true - gas_network: true - H2_retrofit: true # if set to True existing gas pipes can be retrofitted to H2 pipes - # according to hydrogen backbone strategy (April, 2020) p.15 - # https://gasforclimate2050.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020_European-Hydrogen-Backbone_Report.pdf - # 60% of original natural gas capacity could be used in cost-optimal case as H2 capacity - H2_retrofit_capacity_per_CH4: 0.6 # ratio for H2 capacity per original CH4 capacity of retrofitted pipelines - gas_network_connectivity_upgrade: 1 # https://networkx.org/documentation/stable/reference/algorithms/generated/networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation.html#networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation - gas_distribution_grid: true - gas_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv - biomass_transport: false # biomass transport between nodes - conventional_generation: # generator : carrier - OCGT: gas - - -industry: - St_primary_fraction: 0.3 # fraction of steel produced via primary route versus secondary route (scrap+EAF); today fraction is 0.6 - # 2020: 0.6 - # 2025: 0.55 - # 2030: 0.5 - # 2035: 0.45 - # 2040: 0.4 - # 2045: 0.35 - # 2050: 0.3 - DRI_fraction: 1 # fraction of the primary route converted to DRI + EAF - # 2020: 0 - # 2025: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2035: 0.2 - # 2040: 0.4 - # 2045: 0.7 - # 2050: 1 - H2_DRI: 1.7 #H2 consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI), MWh_H2,LHV/ton_Steel from 51kgH2/tSt in Vogl et al (2018) doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.279 - elec_DRI: 0.322 #electricity consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) shaft, MWh/tSt HYBRIT brochure https://ssabwebsitecdn.azureedge.net/-/media/hybrit/files/hybrit_brochure.pdf - Al_primary_fraction: 0.2 # fraction of aluminium produced via the primary route versus scrap; today fraction is 0.4 - # 2020: 0.4 - # 2025: 0.375 - # 2030: 0.35 - # 2035: 0.325 - # 2040: 0.3 - # 2045: 0.25 - # 2050: 0.2 - MWh_CH4_per_tNH3_SMR: 10.8 # 2012's demand from https://ec.europa.eu/docsroom/documents/4165/attachments/1/translations/en/renditions/pdf - MWh_elec_per_tNH3_SMR: 0.7 # same source, assuming 94-6% split methane-elec of total energy demand 11.5 MWh/tNH3 - MWh_H2_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 6.5 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017, around 0.197 tH2/tHN3 (>3/17 since some H2 lost and used for energy) - MWh_elec_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 1.17 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017 Table 13 (air separation and HB) - NH3_process_emissions: 24.5 # in MtCO2/a from SMR for H2 production for NH3 from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28 - petrochemical_process_emissions: 25.5 # in MtCO2/a for petrochemical and other from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28 - HVC_primary_fraction: 0.45 # fraction of today's HVC produced via primary route - HVC_mechanical_recycling_fraction: 0.30 # fraction of today's HVC produced via mechanical recycling - HVC_chemical_recycling_fraction: 0.15 # fraction of today's HVC produced via chemical recycling - HVC_production_today: 52. # MtHVC/a from DECHEMA (2017), Figure 16, page 107; includes ethylene, propylene and BTX - MWh_elec_per_tHVC_mechanical_recycling: 0.547 # from SI of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105010, Table S5, for HDPE, PP, PS, PET. LDPE would be 0.756. - MWh_elec_per_tHVC_chemical_recycling: 6.9 # Material Economics (2019), page 125; based on pyrolysis and electric steam cracking - chlorine_production_today: 9.58 # MtCl/a from DECHEMA (2017), Table 7, page 43 - MWh_elec_per_tCl: 3.6 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 6, page 43 - MWh_H2_per_tCl: -0.9372 # DECHEMA (2017), page 43; negative since hydrogen produced in chloralkali process - methanol_production_today: 1.5 # MtMeOH/a from DECHEMA (2017), page 62 - MWh_elec_per_tMeOH: 0.167 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65 - MWh_CH4_per_tMeOH: 10.25 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65 - hotmaps_locate_missing: false - reference_year: 2015 - # references: - # DECHEMA (2017): https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry-p-20002750.pdf - # Material Economics (2019): https://materialeconomics.com/latest-updates/industrial-transformation-2050 - -costs: - lifetime: 25 #default lifetime - # From a Lion Hirth paper, also reflects average of Noothout et al 2016 - discountrate: 0.07 - # [EUR/USD] ECB: https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/exchange/eurofxref/html/eurofxref-graph-usd.en.html # noqa: E501 - USD2013_to_EUR2013: 0.7532 - - # Marginal and capital costs can be overwritten - # capital_cost: - # onwind: 500 - marginal_cost: - solar: 0.01 - onwind: 0.015 - offwind: 0.015 - hydro: 0. - H2: 0. - battery: 0. - - emission_prices: # only used with the option Ep (emission prices) - co2: 0. - - lines: - length_factor: 1.25 #to estimate offwind connection costs - - -solving: - #tmpdir: "path/to/tmp" - options: - formulation: kirchhoff - clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2 - load_shedding: false - noisy_costs: true - skip_iterations: true - track_iterations: false - min_iterations: 4 - max_iterations: 6 - keep_shadowprices: - - Bus - - Line - - Link - - Transformer - - GlobalConstraint - - Generator - - Store - - StorageUnit - solver: - name: gurobi - threads: 4 - method: 2 # barrier - crossover: 0 - BarConvTol: 1.e-4 - Seed: 123 - AggFill: 0 - PreDual: 0 - GURO_PAR_BARDENSETHRESH: 200 - #FeasibilityTol: 1.e-6 - - #name: cplex - #threads: 4 - #lpmethod: 4 # barrier - #solutiontype: 2 # non basic solution, ie no crossover - #barrier_convergetol: 1.e-5 - #feasopt_tolerance: 1.e-6 - mem: 170000 #memory in MB; 20 GB enough for 50+B+I+H2; 100 GB for 181+B+I+H2 - - -plotting: - map: - boundaries: [-11, 30, 34, 71] - color_geomap: - ocean: white - land: white - costs_max: 1000 - costs_threshold: 1 - energy_max: 20000 - energy_min: -20000 - energy_threshold: 50 - vre_techs: - - onwind - - offwind-ac - - offwind-dc - - solar - - ror - renewable_storage_techs: - - PHS - - hydro - conv_techs: - - OCGT - - CCGT - - Nuclear - - Coal - storage_techs: - - hydro+PHS - - battery - - H2 - load_carriers: - - AC load - AC_carriers: - - AC line - - AC transformer - link_carriers: - - DC line - - Converter AC-DC - heat_links: - - heat pump - - resistive heater - - CHP heat - - CHP electric - - gas boiler - - central heat pump - - central resistive heater - - central CHP heat - - central CHP electric - - central gas boiler - heat_generators: - - gas boiler - - central gas boiler - - solar thermal collector - - central solar thermal collector - tech_colors: - # wind - onwind: "#235ebc" - onshore wind: "#235ebc" - offwind: "#6895dd" - offshore wind: "#6895dd" - offwind-ac: "#6895dd" - offshore wind (AC): "#6895dd" - offwind-dc: "#74c6f2" - offshore wind (DC): "#74c6f2" - # water - hydro: '#298c81' - hydro reservoir: '#298c81' - ror: '#3dbfb0' - run of river: '#3dbfb0' - hydroelectricity: '#298c81' - PHS: '#51dbcc' - wave: '#a7d4cf' - # solar - solar: "#f9d002" - solar PV: "#f9d002" - solar thermal: '#ffbf2b' - solar rooftop: '#ffea80' - # gas - OCGT: '#e0986c' - OCGT marginal: '#e0986c' - OCGT-heat: '#e0986c' - gas boiler: '#db6a25' - gas boilers: '#db6a25' - gas boiler marginal: '#db6a25' - gas: '#e05b09' - natural gas: '#e05b09' - CCGT: '#a85522' - CCGT marginal: '#a85522' - gas for industry co2 to atmosphere: '#692e0a' - gas for industry co2 to stored: '#8a3400' - gas for industry: '#853403' - gas for industry CC: '#692e0a' - gas pipeline: '#ebbca0' - # oil - oil: '#c9c9c9' - oil boiler: '#adadad' - agriculture machinery oil: '#949494' - shipping oil: "#808080" - land transport oil: '#afafaf' - # nuclear - Nuclear: '#ff8c00' - Nuclear marginal: '#ff8c00' - nuclear: '#ff8c00' - uranium: '#ff8c00' - # coal - Coal: '#545454' - coal: '#545454' - Coal marginal: '#545454' - Lignite: '#826837' - lignite: '#826837' - Lignite marginal: '#826837' - # biomass - biogas: '#e3d37d' - solid biomass: '#baa741' - solid biomass transport: '#baa741' - solid biomass for industry: '#7a6d26' - solid biomass for industry CC: '#47411c' - solid biomass for industry co2 from atmosphere: '#736412' - solid biomass for industry co2 to stored: '#47411c' - # power transmission - lines: '#6c9459' - transmission lines: '#6c9459' - electricity distribution grid: '#97ad8c' - # electricity demand - Electric load: '#110d63' - electric demand: '#110d63' - electricity: '#110d63' - industry electricity: '#2d2a66' - industry new electricity: '#2d2a66' - agriculture electricity: '#494778' - # battery + EVs - battery: '#ace37f' - battery storage: '#ace37f' - home battery: '#80c944' - home battery storage: '#80c944' - BEV charger: '#baf238' - V2G: '#e5ffa8' - land transport EV: '#baf238' - Li ion: '#baf238' - # hot water storage - water tanks: '#e69487' - hot water storage: '#e69487' - hot water charging: '#e69487' - hot water discharging: '#e69487' - # heat demand - Heat load: '#cc1f1f' - heat: '#cc1f1f' - heat demand: '#cc1f1f' - rural heat: '#ff5c5c' - central heat: '#cc1f1f' - decentral heat: '#750606' - low-temperature heat for industry: '#8f2727' - process heat: '#ff0000' - agriculture heat: '#d9a5a5' - # heat supply - heat pumps: '#2fb537' - heat pump: '#2fb537' - air heat pump: '#36eb41' - ground heat pump: '#2fb537' - Ambient: '#98eb9d' - CHP: '#8a5751' - CHP CC: '#634643' - CHP heat: '#8a5751' - CHP electric: '#8a5751' - district heating: '#e8beac' - resistive heater: '#c78536' - retrofitting: '#8487e8' - building retrofitting: '#8487e8' - # hydrogen - H2 for industry: "#f073da" - H2 for shipping: "#ebaee0" - H2: '#bf13a0' - SMR: '#870c71' - SMR CC: '#4f1745' - H2 liquefaction: '#d647bd' - hydrogen storage: '#bf13a0' - land transport fuel cell: '#6b3161' - H2 pipeline: '#f081dc' - H2 Fuel Cell: '#c251ae' - H2 Electrolysis: '#ff29d9' - # syngas - Sabatier: '#9850ad' - methanation: '#c44ce6' - helmeth: '#e899ff' - # synfuels - Fischer-Tropsch: '#25c49a' - kerosene for aviation: '#a1ffe6' - naphtha for industry: '#57ebc4' - # co2 - CC: '#9e132c' - CO2 sequestration: '#9e132c' - DAC: '#ff5270' - co2 stored: '#f2385a' - co2: '#f29dae' - co2 vent: '#ffd4dc' - CO2 pipeline: '#f5627f' - # emissions - process emissions CC: '#000000' - process emissions: '#222222' - process emissions to stored: '#444444' - process emissions to atmosphere: '#888888' - oil emissions: '#aaaaaa' - shipping oil emissions: "#555555" - land transport oil emissions: '#777777' - agriculture machinery oil emissions: '#333333' - # other - shipping: '#03a2ff' - power-to-heat: '#cc1f1f' - power-to-gas: '#c44ce6' - power-to-liquid: '#25c49a' - gas-to-power/heat: '#ee8340' diff --git a/config.h2.yaml b/config.h2.yaml deleted file mode 100644 index b69e7955..00000000 --- a/config.h2.yaml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,596 +0,0 @@ -version: 0.6.0 - -logging_level: INFO - -results_dir: results/ -summary_dir: results -costs_dir: ../technology-data/outputs/ -run: 20211218-181-h2 # use this to keep track of runs with different settings -foresight: overnight # options are overnight, myopic, perfect (perfect is not yet implemented) -# if you use myopic or perfect foresight, set the investment years in "planning_horizons" below - -scenario: - simpl: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur - - '' - lv: # allowed transmission line volume expansion, can be any float >= 1.0 (today) or "opt" - - 1.0 - #- 1.25 - - opt - clusters: # number of nodes in Europe, any integer between 37 (1 node per country-zone) and several hundred - - 181 - opts: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur - - '' - sector_opts: # this is where the main scenario settings are - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10 - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-noH2network - #- Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-noH2network-onwind+p0.25 - #- Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind+p0.25 - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-noH2network-onwind+p0 - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind+p0 - # to really understand the options here, look in scripts/prepare_sector_network.py - # Co2Lx specifies the CO2 target in x% of the 1990 values; default will give default (5%); - # Co2L0p25 will give 25% CO2 emissions; Co2Lm0p05 will give 5% negative emissions - # xH is the temporal resolution; 3H is 3-hourly, i.e. one snapshot every 3 hours - # single letters are sectors: T for land transport, H for building heating, - # B for biomass supply, I for industry, shipping and aviation, - # A for agriculture, forestry and fishing - # solar+c0.5 reduces the capital cost of solar to 50\% of reference value - # solar+p3 multiplies the available installable potential by factor 3 - # co2 stored+e2 multiplies the potential of CO2 sequestration by a factor 2 - # dist{n} includes distribution grids with investment cost of n times cost in data/costs.csv - # for myopic/perfect foresight cb states the carbon budget in GtCO2 (cumulative - # emissions throughout the transition path in the timeframe determined by the - # planning_horizons), be:beta decay; ex:exponential decay - # cb40ex0 distributes a carbon budget of 40 GtCO2 following an exponential - # decay with initial growth rate 0 - planning_horizons: # investment years for myopic and perfect; or costs year for overnight - - 2030 - # for example, set to [2020, 2030, 2040, 2050] for myopic foresight - -# CO2 budget as a fraction of 1990 emissions -# this is over-ridden if CO2Lx is set in sector_opts -# this is also over-ridden if cb is set in sector_opts -co2_budget: - 2020: 0.7011648746 - 2025: 0.5241935484 - 2030: 0.2970430108 - 2035: 0.1500896057 - 2040: 0.0712365591 - 2045: 0.0322580645 - 2050: 0 - -# snapshots are originally set in PyPSA-Eur/config.yaml but used again by PyPSA-Eur-Sec -snapshots: - # arguments to pd.date_range - start: "2013-01-01" - end: "2014-01-01" - closed: left # end is not inclusive - -atlite: - cutout: ../pypsa-eur/cutouts/europe-2013-era5.nc - -# this information is NOT used but needed as an argument for -# pypsa-eur/scripts/add_electricity.py/load_costs in make_summary.py -electricity: - max_hours: - battery: 6 - H2: 168 - -# regulate what components with which carriers are kept from PyPSA-Eur; -# some technologies are removed because they are implemented differently -# (e.g. battery or H2 storage) or have different year-dependent costs -# in PyPSA-Eur-Sec -pypsa_eur: - Bus: - - AC - Link: - - DC - Generator: - - onwind - - offwind-ac - - offwind-dc - - solar - - ror - StorageUnit: - - PHS - - hydro - Store: [] - - -energy: - energy_totals_year: 2011 - base_emissions_year: 1990 - eurostat_report_year: 2016 - emissions: CO2 # "CO2" or "All greenhouse gases - (CO2 equivalent)" - -biomass: - year: 2030 - scenario: ENS_Med - classes: - solid biomass: - - Agricultural waste - - Fuelwood residues - - Secondary Forestry residues - woodchips - - Sawdust - - Residues from landscape care - - Municipal waste - not included: - - Sugar from sugar beet - - Rape seed - - "Sunflower, soya seed " - - Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye - - Miscanthus, switchgrass, RCG - - Willow - - Poplar - - FuelwoodRW - - C&P_RW - biogas: - - Manure solid, liquid - - Sludge - - -solar_thermal: - clearsky_model: simple # should be "simple" or "enhanced"? - orientation: - slope: 45. - azimuth: 180. - -# only relevant for foresight = myopic or perfect -existing_capacities: - grouping_years: [1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2019] - threshold_capacity: 10 - conventional_carriers: - - lignite - - coal - - oil - - uranium - - -sector: - district_heating: - potential: 0.6 # maximum fraction of urban demand which can be supplied by district heating - # increase of today's district heating demand to potential maximum district heating share - # progress = 0 means today's district heating share, progress = 1 means maximum fraction of urban demand is supplied by district heating - progress: 1 - # 2020: 0.0 - # 2030: 0.3 - # 2040: 0.6 - # 2050: 1.0 - district_heating_loss: 0.15 - bev_dsm_restriction_value: 0.75 #Set to 0 for no restriction on BEV DSM - bev_dsm_restriction_time: 7 #Time at which SOC of BEV has to be dsm_restriction_value - transport_heating_deadband_upper: 20. - transport_heating_deadband_lower: 15. - ICE_lower_degree_factor: 0.375 #in per cent increase in fuel consumption per degree above deadband - ICE_upper_degree_factor: 1.6 - EV_lower_degree_factor: 0.98 - EV_upper_degree_factor: 0.63 - bev_dsm: true #turns on EV battery - bev_availability: 0.5 #How many cars do smart charging - bev_energy: 0.05 #average battery size in MWh - bev_charge_efficiency: 0.9 #BEV (dis-)charging efficiency - bev_plug_to_wheel_efficiency: 0.2 #kWh/km from EPA https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/ for Tesla Model S - bev_charge_rate: 0.011 #3-phase charger with 11 kW - bev_avail_max: 0.95 - bev_avail_mean: 0.8 - v2g: true #allows feed-in to grid from EV battery - #what is not EV or FCEV is oil-fuelled ICE - land_transport_fuel_cell_share: 0.15 # 1 means all FCEVs - # 2020: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2040: 0.1 - # 2050: 0.15 - land_transport_electric_share: 0.85 # 1 means all EVs - # 2020: 0 - # 2030: 0.25 - # 2040: 0.6 - # 2050: 0.85 - transport_fuel_cell_efficiency: 0.5 - transport_internal_combustion_efficiency: 0.3 - agriculture_machinery_electric_share: 0 - agriculture_machinery_fuel_efficiency: 0.7 # fuel oil per use - agriculture_machinery_electric_efficiency: 0.3 # electricity per use - shipping_average_efficiency: 0.4 #For conversion of fuel oil to propulsion in 2011 - shipping_hydrogen_liquefaction: true # whether to consider liquefaction costs for shipping H2 demands - shipping_hydrogen_share: 1 # 1 means all hydrogen FC - # 2020: 0 - # 2025: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2035: 0.15 - # 2040: 0.3 - # 2045: 0.6 - # 2050: 1 - time_dep_hp_cop: true #time dependent heat pump coefficient of performance - heat_pump_sink_T: 55. # Celsius, based on DTU / large area radiators; used in build_cop_profiles.py - # conservatively high to cover hot water and space heating in poorly-insulated buildings - reduce_space_heat_exogenously: true # reduces space heat demand by a given factor (applied before losses in DH) - # this can represent e.g. building renovation, building demolition, or if - # the factor is negative: increasing floor area, increased thermal comfort, population growth - reduce_space_heat_exogenously_factor: 0.29 # per unit reduction in space heat demand - # the default factors are determined by the LTS scenario from http://tool.european-calculator.eu/app/buildings/building-types-area/?levers=1ddd4444421213bdbbbddd44444ffffff11f411111221111211l212221 - # 2020: 0.10 # this results in a space heat demand reduction of 10% - # 2025: 0.09 # first heat demand increases compared to 2020 because of larger floor area per capita - # 2030: 0.09 - # 2035: 0.11 - # 2040: 0.16 - # 2045: 0.21 - # 2050: 0.29 - retrofitting : # co-optimises building renovation to reduce space heat demand - retro_endogen: false # co-optimise space heat savings - cost_factor: 1.0 # weight costs for building renovation - interest_rate: 0.04 # for investment in building components - annualise_cost: true # annualise the investment costs - tax_weighting: false # weight costs depending on taxes in countries - construction_index: true # weight costs depending on labour/material costs per country - tes: true - tes_tau: # 180 day time constant for centralised, 3 day for decentralised - decentral: 3 - central: 180 - boilers: true - oil_boilers: false - chp: true - micro_chp: false - solar_thermal: true - solar_cf_correction: 0.788457 # = >>> 1/1.2683 - marginal_cost_storage: 0. #1e-4 - methanation: true - helmeth: false - dac: true - co2_vent: false - SMR: true - co2_sequestration_potential: 200 #MtCO2/a sequestration potential for Europe - co2_sequestration_cost: 20 #EUR/tCO2 for sequestration of CO2 - co2_network: false - cc_fraction: 0.9 # default fraction of CO2 captured with post-combustion capture - hydrogen_underground_storage: true - hydrogen_underground_storage_locations: - # - onshore # more than 50 km from sea - - nearshore # within 50 km of sea - # - offshore - use_fischer_tropsch_waste_heat: true - use_fuel_cell_waste_heat: true - electricity_distribution_grid: true - electricity_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv - electricity_grid_connection: true # only applies to onshore wind and utility PV - H2_network: true - gas_network: false - H2_retrofit: true # if set to True existing gas pipes can be retrofitted to H2 pipes - # according to hydrogen backbone strategy (April, 2020) p.15 - # https://gasforclimate2050.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020_European-Hydrogen-Backbone_Report.pdf - # 60% of original natural gas capacity could be used in cost-optimal case as H2 capacity - H2_retrofit_capacity_per_CH4: 0.6 # ratio for H2 capacity per original CH4 capacity of retrofitted pipelines - gas_network_connectivity_upgrade: 1 # https://networkx.org/documentation/stable/reference/algorithms/generated/networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation.html#networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation - gas_distribution_grid: true - gas_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv - biomass_transport: false # biomass transport between nodes - conventional_generation: # generator : carrier - OCGT: gas - - -industry: - St_primary_fraction: 0.3 # fraction of steel produced via primary route versus secondary route (scrap+EAF); today fraction is 0.6 - # 2020: 0.6 - # 2025: 0.55 - # 2030: 0.5 - # 2035: 0.45 - # 2040: 0.4 - # 2045: 0.35 - # 2050: 0.3 - DRI_fraction: 1 # fraction of the primary route converted to DRI + EAF - # 2020: 0 - # 2025: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2035: 0.2 - # 2040: 0.4 - # 2045: 0.7 - # 2050: 1 - H2_DRI: 1.7 #H2 consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI), MWh_H2,LHV/ton_Steel from 51kgH2/tSt in Vogl et al (2018) doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.279 - elec_DRI: 0.322 #electricity consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) shaft, MWh/tSt HYBRIT brochure https://ssabwebsitecdn.azureedge.net/-/media/hybrit/files/hybrit_brochure.pdf - Al_primary_fraction: 0.2 # fraction of aluminium produced via the primary route versus scrap; today fraction is 0.4 - # 2020: 0.4 - # 2025: 0.375 - # 2030: 0.35 - # 2035: 0.325 - # 2040: 0.3 - # 2045: 0.25 - # 2050: 0.2 - MWh_CH4_per_tNH3_SMR: 10.8 # 2012's demand from https://ec.europa.eu/docsroom/documents/4165/attachments/1/translations/en/renditions/pdf - MWh_elec_per_tNH3_SMR: 0.7 # same source, assuming 94-6% split methane-elec of total energy demand 11.5 MWh/tNH3 - MWh_H2_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 6.5 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017, around 0.197 tH2/tHN3 (>3/17 since some H2 lost and used for energy) - MWh_elec_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 1.17 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017 Table 13 (air separation and HB) - NH3_process_emissions: 24.5 # in MtCO2/a from SMR for H2 production for NH3 from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28 - petrochemical_process_emissions: 25.5 # in MtCO2/a for petrochemical and other from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28 - HVC_primary_fraction: 0.45 # fraction of today's HVC produced via primary route - HVC_mechanical_recycling_fraction: 0.30 # fraction of today's HVC produced via mechanical recycling - HVC_chemical_recycling_fraction: 0.15 # fraction of today's HVC produced via chemical recycling - HVC_production_today: 52. # MtHVC/a from DECHEMA (2017), Figure 16, page 107; includes ethylene, propylene and BTX - MWh_elec_per_tHVC_mechanical_recycling: 0.547 # from SI of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105010, Table S5, for HDPE, PP, PS, PET. LDPE would be 0.756. - MWh_elec_per_tHVC_chemical_recycling: 6.9 # Material Economics (2019), page 125; based on pyrolysis and electric steam cracking - chlorine_production_today: 9.58 # MtCl/a from DECHEMA (2017), Table 7, page 43 - MWh_elec_per_tCl: 3.6 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 6, page 43 - MWh_H2_per_tCl: -0.9372 # DECHEMA (2017), page 43; negative since hydrogen produced in chloralkali process - methanol_production_today: 1.5 # MtMeOH/a from DECHEMA (2017), page 62 - MWh_elec_per_tMeOH: 0.167 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65 - MWh_CH4_per_tMeOH: 10.25 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65 - hotmaps_locate_missing: false - reference_year: 2015 - # references: - # DECHEMA (2017): https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry-p-20002750.pdf - # Material Economics (2019): https://materialeconomics.com/latest-updates/industrial-transformation-2050 - -costs: - lifetime: 25 #default lifetime - # From a Lion Hirth paper, also reflects average of Noothout et al 2016 - discountrate: 0.07 - # [EUR/USD] ECB: https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/exchange/eurofxref/html/eurofxref-graph-usd.en.html # noqa: E501 - USD2013_to_EUR2013: 0.7532 - - # Marginal and capital costs can be overwritten - # capital_cost: - # onwind: 500 - marginal_cost: - solar: 0.01 - onwind: 0.015 - offwind: 0.015 - hydro: 0. - H2: 0. - battery: 0. - - emission_prices: # only used with the option Ep (emission prices) - co2: 0. - - lines: - length_factor: 1.25 #to estimate offwind connection costs - - -solving: - #tmpdir: "path/to/tmp" - options: - formulation: kirchhoff - clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2 - load_shedding: false - noisy_costs: true - skip_iterations: true - track_iterations: false - min_iterations: 4 - max_iterations: 6 - keep_shadowprices: - - Bus - - Line - - Link - - Transformer - - GlobalConstraint - - Generator - - Store - - StorageUnit - solver: - name: gurobi - threads: 4 - method: 2 # barrier - crossover: 0 - BarConvTol: 1.e-4 - Seed: 123 - AggFill: 0 - PreDual: 0 - GURO_PAR_BARDENSETHRESH: 200 - #FeasibilityTol: 1.e-6 - - #name: cplex - #threads: 4 - #lpmethod: 4 # barrier - #solutiontype: 2 # non basic solution, ie no crossover - #barrier_convergetol: 1.e-5 - #feasopt_tolerance: 1.e-6 - mem: 126000 #memory in MB; 20 GB enough for 50+B+I+H2; 100 GB for 181+B+I+H2 - - -plotting: - map: - boundaries: [-11, 30, 34, 71] - color_geomap: - ocean: white - land: white - costs_max: 1000 - costs_threshold: 1 - energy_max: 20000 - energy_min: -20000 - energy_threshold: 50 - vre_techs: - - onwind - - offwind-ac - - offwind-dc - - solar - - ror - renewable_storage_techs: - - PHS - - hydro - conv_techs: - - OCGT - - CCGT - - Nuclear - - Coal - storage_techs: - - hydro+PHS - - battery - - H2 - load_carriers: - - AC load - AC_carriers: - - AC line - - AC transformer - link_carriers: - - DC line - - Converter AC-DC - heat_links: - - heat pump - - resistive heater - - CHP heat - - CHP electric - - gas boiler - - central heat pump - - central resistive heater - - central CHP heat - - central CHP electric - - central gas boiler - heat_generators: - - gas boiler - - central gas boiler - - solar thermal collector - - central solar thermal collector - tech_colors: - # wind - onwind: "#235ebc" - onshore wind: "#235ebc" - offwind: "#6895dd" - offshore wind: "#6895dd" - offwind-ac: "#6895dd" - offshore wind (AC): "#6895dd" - offwind-dc: "#74c6f2" - offshore wind (DC): "#74c6f2" - # water - hydro: '#298c81' - hydro reservoir: '#298c81' - ror: '#3dbfb0' - run of river: '#3dbfb0' - hydroelectricity: '#298c81' - PHS: '#51dbcc' - wave: '#a7d4cf' - # solar - solar: "#f9d002" - solar PV: "#f9d002" - solar thermal: '#ffbf2b' - solar rooftop: '#ffea80' - # gas - OCGT: '#e0986c' - OCGT marginal: '#e0986c' - OCGT-heat: '#e0986c' - gas boiler: '#db6a25' - gas boilers: '#db6a25' - gas boiler marginal: '#db6a25' - gas: '#e05b09' - natural gas: '#e05b09' - CCGT: '#a85522' - CCGT marginal: '#a85522' - gas for industry co2 to atmosphere: '#692e0a' - gas for industry co2 to stored: '#8a3400' - gas for industry: '#853403' - gas for industry CC: '#692e0a' - gas pipeline: '#ebbca0' - # oil - oil: '#c9c9c9' - oil boiler: '#adadad' - agriculture machinery oil: '#949494' - shipping oil: "#808080" - land transport oil: '#afafaf' - # nuclear - Nuclear: '#ff8c00' - Nuclear marginal: '#ff8c00' - nuclear: '#ff8c00' - uranium: '#ff8c00' - # coal - Coal: '#545454' - coal: '#545454' - Coal marginal: '#545454' - Lignite: '#826837' - lignite: '#826837' - Lignite marginal: '#826837' - # biomass - biogas: '#e3d37d' - solid biomass: '#baa741' - solid biomass transport: '#baa741' - solid biomass for industry: '#7a6d26' - solid biomass for industry CC: '#47411c' - solid biomass for industry co2 from atmosphere: '#736412' - solid biomass for industry co2 to stored: '#47411c' - # power transmission - lines: '#6c9459' - transmission lines: '#6c9459' - electricity distribution grid: '#97ad8c' - # electricity demand - Electric load: '#110d63' - electric demand: '#110d63' - electricity: '#110d63' - industry electricity: '#2d2a66' - industry new electricity: '#2d2a66' - agriculture electricity: '#494778' - # battery + EVs - battery: '#ace37f' - battery storage: '#ace37f' - home battery: '#80c944' - home battery storage: '#80c944' - BEV charger: '#baf238' - V2G: '#e5ffa8' - land transport EV: '#baf238' - Li ion: '#baf238' - # hot water storage - water tanks: '#e69487' - hot water storage: '#e69487' - hot water charging: '#e69487' - hot water discharging: '#e69487' - # heat demand - Heat load: '#cc1f1f' - heat: '#cc1f1f' - heat demand: '#cc1f1f' - rural heat: '#ff5c5c' - central heat: '#cc1f1f' - decentral heat: '#750606' - low-temperature heat for industry: '#8f2727' - process heat: '#ff0000' - agriculture heat: '#d9a5a5' - # heat supply - heat pumps: '#2fb537' - heat pump: '#2fb537' - air heat pump: '#36eb41' - ground heat pump: '#2fb537' - Ambient: '#98eb9d' - CHP: '#8a5751' - CHP CC: '#634643' - CHP heat: '#8a5751' - CHP electric: '#8a5751' - district heating: '#e8beac' - resistive heater: '#c78536' - retrofitting: '#8487e8' - building retrofitting: '#8487e8' - # hydrogen - H2 for industry: "#f073da" - H2 for shipping: "#ebaee0" - H2: '#bf13a0' - SMR: '#870c71' - SMR CC: '#4f1745' - H2 liquefaction: '#d647bd' - hydrogen storage: '#bf13a0' - land transport fuel cell: '#6b3161' - H2 pipeline: '#f081dc' - H2 Fuel Cell: '#c251ae' - H2 Electrolysis: '#ff29d9' - # syngas - Sabatier: '#9850ad' - methanation: '#c44ce6' - helmeth: '#e899ff' - # synfuels - Fischer-Tropsch: '#25c49a' - kerosene for aviation: '#a1ffe6' - naphtha for industry: '#57ebc4' - # co2 - CC: '#9e132c' - CO2 sequestration: '#9e132c' - DAC: '#ff5270' - co2 stored: '#f2385a' - co2: '#f29dae' - co2 vent: '#ffd4dc' - CO2 pipeline: '#f5627f' - # emissions - process emissions CC: '#000000' - process emissions: '#222222' - process emissions to stored: '#444444' - process emissions to atmosphere: '#888888' - oil emissions: '#aaaaaa' - shipping oil emissions: "#555555" - land transport oil emissions: '#777777' - agriculture machinery oil emissions: '#333333' - # other - shipping: '#03a2ff' - power-to-heat: '#cc1f1f' - power-to-gas: '#c44ce6' - power-to-liquid: '#25c49a' - gas-to-power/heat: '#ee8340' diff --git a/config.import.yaml b/config.import.yaml deleted file mode 100644 index f5a6cc20..00000000 --- a/config.import.yaml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,626 +0,0 @@ -version: 0.6.0 - -logging_level: INFO - -results_dir: results/ -summary_dir: results -costs_dir: ../technology-data/outputs/ -run: 20211218-181-import # use this to keep track of runs with different settings -foresight: overnight # options are overnight, myopic, perfect (perfect is not yet implemented) -# if you use myopic or perfect foresight, set the investment years in "planning_horizons" below - -scenario: - simpl: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur - - '' - lv: # allowed transmission line volume expansion, can be any float >= 1.0 (today) or "opt" - - 1.5 - clusters: # number of nodes in Europe, any integer between 37 (1 node per country-zone) and several hundred - - 181 - opts: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur - - '' - sector_opts: # this is where the main scenario settings are - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-import - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10 - # to really understand the options here, look in scripts/prepare_sector_network.py - # Co2Lx specifies the CO2 target in x% of the 1990 values; default will give default (5%); - # Co2L0p25 will give 25% CO2 emissions; Co2Lm0p05 will give 5% negative emissions - # xH is the temporal resolution; 3H is 3-hourly, i.e. one snapshot every 3 hours - # single letters are sectors: T for land transport, H for building heating, - # B for biomass supply, I for industry, shipping and aviation, - # A for agriculture, forestry and fishing - # solar+c0.5 reduces the capital cost of solar to 50\% of reference value - # solar+p3 multiplies the available installable potential by factor 3 - # co2 stored+e2 multiplies the potential of CO2 sequestration by a factor 2 - # dist{n} includes distribution grids with investment cost of n times cost in data/costs.csv - # for myopic/perfect foresight cb states the carbon budget in GtCO2 (cumulative - # emissions throughout the transition path in the timeframe determined by the - # planning_horizons), be:beta decay; ex:exponential decay - # cb40ex0 distributes a carbon budget of 40 GtCO2 following an exponential - # decay with initial growth rate 0 - planning_horizons: [2030] # investment years for myopic and perfect; or costs year for overnight - # for example, set to [2020, 2030, 2040, 2050] for myopic foresight - -# CO2 budget as a fraction of 1990 emissions -# this is over-ridden if CO2Lx is set in sector_opts -# this is also over-ridden if cb is set in sector_opts -co2_budget: - 2020: 0.7011648746 - 2025: 0.5241935484 - 2030: 0.2970430108 - 2035: 0.1500896057 - 2040: 0.0712365591 - 2045: 0.0322580645 - 2050: 0 - -# snapshots are originally set in PyPSA-Eur/config.yaml but used again by PyPSA-Eur-Sec -snapshots: - # arguments to pd.date_range - start: "2013-01-01" - end: "2014-01-01" - closed: left # end is not inclusive - -atlite: - cutout: ../pypsa-eur/cutouts/europe-2013-era5.nc - -# this information is NOT used but needed as an argument for -# pypsa-eur/scripts/add_electricity.py/load_costs in make_summary.py -electricity: - max_hours: - battery: 6 - H2: 168 - -# regulate what components with which carriers are kept from PyPSA-Eur; -# some technologies are removed because they are implemented differently -# (e.g. battery or H2 storage) or have different year-dependent costs -# in PyPSA-Eur-Sec -pypsa_eur: - Bus: - - AC - Link: - - DC - Generator: - - onwind - - offwind-ac - - offwind-dc - - solar - - ror - StorageUnit: - - PHS - - hydro - Store: [] - - -energy: - energy_totals_year: 2011 - base_emissions_year: 1990 - eurostat_report_year: 2016 - emissions: CO2 # "CO2" or "All greenhouse gases - (CO2 equivalent)" - -biomass: - year: 2030 - scenario: ENS_Med - classes: - solid biomass: - - Agricultural waste - - Fuelwood residues - - Secondary Forestry residues - woodchips - - Sawdust - - Residues from landscape care - - Municipal waste - not included: - - Sugar from sugar beet - - Rape seed - - "Sunflower, soya seed " - - Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye - - Miscanthus, switchgrass, RCG - - Willow - - Poplar - - FuelwoodRW - - C&P_RW - biogas: - - Manure solid, liquid - - Sludge - - -solar_thermal: - clearsky_model: simple # should be "simple" or "enhanced"? - orientation: - slope: 45. - azimuth: 180. - -# only relevant for foresight = myopic or perfect -existing_capacities: - grouping_years: [1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2019] - threshold_capacity: 10 - conventional_carriers: - - lignite - - coal - - oil - - uranium - - -sector: - district_heating: - potential: 0.6 # maximum fraction of urban demand which can be supplied by district heating - # increase of today's district heating demand to potential maximum district heating share - # progress = 0 means today's district heating share, progress = 1 means maximum fraction of urban demand is supplied by district heating - progress: 1 - # 2020: 0.0 - # 2030: 0.3 - # 2040: 0.6 - # 2050: 1.0 - district_heating_loss: 0.15 - bev_dsm_restriction_value: 0.75 #Set to 0 for no restriction on BEV DSM - bev_dsm_restriction_time: 7 #Time at which SOC of BEV has to be dsm_restriction_value - transport_heating_deadband_upper: 20. - transport_heating_deadband_lower: 15. - ICE_lower_degree_factor: 0.375 #in per cent increase in fuel consumption per degree above deadband - ICE_upper_degree_factor: 1.6 - EV_lower_degree_factor: 0.98 - EV_upper_degree_factor: 0.63 - bev_dsm: true #turns on EV battery - bev_availability: 0.5 #How many cars do smart charging - bev_energy: 0.05 #average battery size in MWh - bev_charge_efficiency: 0.9 #BEV (dis-)charging efficiency - bev_plug_to_wheel_efficiency: 0.2 #kWh/km from EPA https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/ for Tesla Model S - bev_charge_rate: 0.011 #3-phase charger with 11 kW - bev_avail_max: 0.95 - bev_avail_mean: 0.8 - v2g: true #allows feed-in to grid from EV battery - #what is not EV or FCEV is oil-fuelled ICE - land_transport_fuel_cell_share: 0.15 # 1 means all FCEVs - # 2020: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2040: 0.1 - # 2050: 0.15 - land_transport_electric_share: 0.85 # 1 means all EVs - # 2020: 0 - # 2030: 0.25 - # 2040: 0.6 - # 2050: 0.85 - transport_fuel_cell_efficiency: 0.5 - transport_internal_combustion_efficiency: 0.3 - agriculture_machinery_electric_share: 0 - agriculture_machinery_fuel_efficiency: 0.7 # fuel oil per use - agriculture_machinery_electric_efficiency: 0.3 # electricity per use - shipping_average_efficiency: 0.4 #For conversion of fuel oil to propulsion in 2011 - shipping_hydrogen_liquefaction: true # whether to consider liquefaction costs for shipping H2 demands - shipping_hydrogen_share: 1 # 1 means all hydrogen FC - # 2020: 0 - # 2025: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2035: 0.15 - # 2040: 0.3 - # 2045: 0.6 - # 2050: 1 - time_dep_hp_cop: true #time dependent heat pump coefficient of performance - heat_pump_sink_T: 55. # Celsius, based on DTU / large area radiators; used in build_cop_profiles.py - # conservatively high to cover hot water and space heating in poorly-insulated buildings - reduce_space_heat_exogenously: true # reduces space heat demand by a given factor (applied before losses in DH) - # this can represent e.g. building renovation, building demolition, or if - # the factor is negative: increasing floor area, increased thermal comfort, population growth - reduce_space_heat_exogenously_factor: 0.29 # per unit reduction in space heat demand - # the default factors are determined by the LTS scenario from http://tool.european-calculator.eu/app/buildings/building-types-area/?levers=1ddd4444421213bdbbbddd44444ffffff11f411111221111211l212221 - # 2020: 0.10 # this results in a space heat demand reduction of 10% - # 2025: 0.09 # first heat demand increases compared to 2020 because of larger floor area per capita - # 2030: 0.09 - # 2035: 0.11 - # 2040: 0.16 - # 2045: 0.21 - # 2050: 0.29 - retrofitting : # co-optimises building renovation to reduce space heat demand - retro_endogen: false # co-optimise space heat savings - cost_factor: 1.0 # weight costs for building renovation - interest_rate: 0.04 # for investment in building components - annualise_cost: true # annualise the investment costs - tax_weighting: false # weight costs depending on taxes in countries - construction_index: true # weight costs depending on labour/material costs per country - tes: true - tes_tau: # 180 day time constant for centralised, 3 day for decentralised - decentral: 3 - central: 180 - boilers: true - oil_boilers: false - chp: true - micro_chp: false - solar_thermal: true - solar_cf_correction: 0.788457 # = >>> 1/1.2683 - marginal_cost_storage: 0. #1e-4 - methanation: true - helmeth: false - dac: true - co2_vent: false - SMR: true - co2_sequestration_potential: 200 #MtCO2/a sequestration potential for Europe - co2_sequestration_cost: 20 #EUR/tCO2 for sequestration of CO2 - co2_network: false - cc_fraction: 0.9 # default fraction of CO2 captured with post-combustion capture - hydrogen_underground_storage: true - hydrogen_underground_storage_locations: - # - onshore # more than 50 km from sea - - nearshore # within 50 km of sea - # - offshore - use_fischer_tropsch_waste_heat: true - use_fuel_cell_waste_heat: true - electricity_distribution_grid: true - electricity_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv - electricity_grid_connection: true # only applies to onshore wind and utility PV - H2_network: true - gas_network: false - H2_retrofit: true # if set to True existing gas pipes can be retrofitted to H2 pipes - # according to hydrogen backbone strategy (April, 2020) p.15 - # https://gasforclimate2050.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020_European-Hydrogen-Backbone_Report.pdf - # 60% of original natural gas capacity could be used in cost-optimal case as H2 capacity - H2_retrofit_capacity_per_CH4: 0.6 # ratio for H2 capacity per original CH4 capacity of retrofitted pipelines - gas_network_connectivity_upgrade: 3 # https://networkx.org/documentation/stable/reference/algorithms/generated/networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation.html#networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation - gas_distribution_grid: true - gas_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv - biomass_transport: false # biomass transport between nodes - conventional_generation: # generator : carrier - OCGT: gas - import: - capacity_boost: 2 - options: - - pipeline-h2 - - shipping-lh2 - - shipping-lch4 - - shipping-ftfuel - - hvdc - # limit: 100 # TWh - - -industry: - St_primary_fraction: 0.3 # fraction of steel produced via primary route versus secondary route (scrap+EAF); today fraction is 0.6 - # 2020: 0.6 - # 2025: 0.55 - # 2030: 0.5 - # 2035: 0.45 - # 2040: 0.4 - # 2045: 0.35 - # 2050: 0.3 - DRI_fraction: 1 # fraction of the primary route converted to DRI + EAF - # 2020: 0 - # 2025: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2035: 0.2 - # 2040: 0.4 - # 2045: 0.7 - # 2050: 1 - H2_DRI: 1.7 #H2 consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI), MWh_H2,LHV/ton_Steel from 51kgH2/tSt in Vogl et al (2018) doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.279 - elec_DRI: 0.322 #electricity consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) shaft, MWh/tSt HYBRIT brochure https://ssabwebsitecdn.azureedge.net/-/media/hybrit/files/hybrit_brochure.pdf - Al_primary_fraction: 0.2 # fraction of aluminium produced via the primary route versus scrap; today fraction is 0.4 - # 2020: 0.4 - # 2025: 0.375 - # 2030: 0.35 - # 2035: 0.325 - # 2040: 0.3 - # 2045: 0.25 - # 2050: 0.2 - MWh_CH4_per_tNH3_SMR: 10.8 # 2012's demand from https://ec.europa.eu/docsroom/documents/4165/attachments/1/translations/en/renditions/pdf - MWh_elec_per_tNH3_SMR: 0.7 # same source, assuming 94-6% split methane-elec of total energy demand 11.5 MWh/tNH3 - MWh_H2_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 6.5 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017, around 0.197 tH2/tHN3 (>3/17 since some H2 lost and used for energy) - MWh_elec_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 1.17 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017 Table 13 (air separation and HB) - NH3_process_emissions: 24.5 # in MtCO2/a from SMR for H2 production for NH3 from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28 - petrochemical_process_emissions: 25.5 # in MtCO2/a for petrochemical and other from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28 - HVC_primary_fraction: 0.45 # fraction of today's HVC produced via primary route - HVC_mechanical_recycling_fraction: 0.30 # fraction of today's HVC produced via mechanical recycling - HVC_chemical_recycling_fraction: 0.15 # fraction of today's HVC produced via chemical recycling - HVC_production_today: 52. # MtHVC/a from DECHEMA (2017), Figure 16, page 107; includes ethylene, propylene and BTX - MWh_elec_per_tHVC_mechanical_recycling: 0.547 # from SI of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105010, Table S5, for HDPE, PP, PS, PET. LDPE would be 0.756. - MWh_elec_per_tHVC_chemical_recycling: 6.9 # Material Economics (2019), page 125; based on pyrolysis and electric steam cracking - chlorine_production_today: 9.58 # MtCl/a from DECHEMA (2017), Table 7, page 43 - MWh_elec_per_tCl: 3.6 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 6, page 43 - MWh_H2_per_tCl: -0.9372 # DECHEMA (2017), page 43; negative since hydrogen produced in chloralkali process - methanol_production_today: 1.5 # MtMeOH/a from DECHEMA (2017), page 62 - MWh_elec_per_tMeOH: 0.167 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65 - MWh_CH4_per_tMeOH: 10.25 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65 - hotmaps_locate_missing: false - reference_year: 2015 - # references: - # DECHEMA (2017): https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry-p-20002750.pdf - # Material Economics (2019): https://materialeconomics.com/latest-updates/industrial-transformation-2050 - import: - capacity_boost: 2 - options: - - pipeline-h2 - - shipping-lh2 - - shipping-lch4 - - shipping-ftfuel - - hvdc - # limit: 100 # TWh - -costs: - lifetime: 25 #default lifetime - # From a Lion Hirth paper, also reflects average of Noothout et al 2016 - discountrate: 0.07 - # [EUR/USD] ECB: https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/exchange/eurofxref/html/eurofxref-graph-usd.en.html # noqa: E501 - USD2013_to_EUR2013: 0.7532 - - # Marginal and capital costs can be overwritten - # capital_cost: - # onwind: 500 - marginal_cost: - solar: 0.01 - onwind: 0.015 - offwind: 0.015 - hydro: 0. - H2: 0. - battery: 0. - - emission_prices: # only used with the option Ep (emission prices) - co2: 0. - - lines: - length_factor: 1.25 #to estimate offwind connection costs - - -solving: - #tmpdir: "path/to/tmp" - options: - formulation: kirchhoff - clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2 - load_shedding: false - noisy_costs: true - skip_iterations: true - track_iterations: false - min_iterations: 4 - max_iterations: 6 - keep_shadowprices: - - Bus - - Line - - Link - - Transformer - - GlobalConstraint - - Generator - - Store - - StorageUnit - solver: - name: gurobi - threads: 8 - method: 2 # barrier - crossover: 0 - BarConvTol: 1.e-4 - Seed: 123 - AggFill: 0 - PreDual: 0 - GURO_PAR_BARDENSETHRESH: 200 - #FeasibilityTol: 1.e-6 - - #name: cplex - #threads: 4 - #lpmethod: 4 # barrier - #solutiontype: 2 # non basic solution, ie no crossover - #barrier_convergetol: 1.e-5 - #feasopt_tolerance: 1.e-6 - mem: 160000 #memory in MB; 20 GB enough for 50+B+I+H2; 100 GB for 181+B+I+H2 - - -plotting: - map: - boundaries: [-11, 30, 34, 71] - color_geomap: - ocean: white - land: white - costs_max: 1000 - costs_threshold: 1 - energy_max: 20000 - energy_min: -20000 - energy_threshold: 50 - vre_techs: - - onwind - - offwind-ac - - offwind-dc - - solar - - ror - renewable_storage_techs: - - PHS - - hydro - conv_techs: - - OCGT - - CCGT - - Nuclear - - Coal - storage_techs: - - hydro+PHS - - battery - - H2 - load_carriers: - - AC load - AC_carriers: - - AC line - - AC transformer - link_carriers: - - DC line - - Converter AC-DC - heat_links: - - heat pump - - resistive heater - - CHP heat - - CHP electric - - gas boiler - - central heat pump - - central resistive heater - - central CHP heat - - central CHP electric - - central gas boiler - heat_generators: - - gas boiler - - central gas boiler - - solar thermal collector - - central solar thermal collector - tech_colors: - # wind - onwind: "#235ebc" - onshore wind: "#235ebc" - offwind: "#6895dd" - offshore wind: "#6895dd" - offwind-ac: "#6895dd" - offshore wind (AC): "#6895dd" - offwind-dc: "#74c6f2" - offshore wind (DC): "#74c6f2" - # water - hydro: '#298c81' - hydro reservoir: '#298c81' - ror: '#3dbfb0' - run of river: '#3dbfb0' - hydroelectricity: '#298c81' - PHS: '#51dbcc' - wave: '#a7d4cf' - # solar - solar: "#f9d002" - solar PV: "#f9d002" - solar thermal: '#ffbf2b' - solar rooftop: '#ffea80' - # gas - OCGT: '#e0986c' - OCGT marginal: '#e0986c' - OCGT-heat: '#e0986c' - gas boiler: '#db6a25' - gas boilers: '#db6a25' - gas boiler marginal: '#db6a25' - gas: '#e05b09' - fossil gas: '#e05b09' - natural gas: '#e05b09' - CCGT: '#a85522' - CCGT marginal: '#a85522' - gas for industry co2 to atmosphere: '#692e0a' - gas for industry co2 to stored: '#8a3400' - gas for industry: '#853403' - gas for industry CC: '#692e0a' - gas pipeline: '#ebbca0' - gas pipeline new: '#a87c62' - # oil - oil: '#c9c9c9' - oil boiler: '#adadad' - agriculture machinery oil: '#949494' - shipping oil: "#808080" - land transport oil: '#afafaf' - # nuclear - Nuclear: '#ff8c00' - Nuclear marginal: '#ff8c00' - nuclear: '#ff8c00' - uranium: '#ff8c00' - # coal - Coal: '#545454' - coal: '#545454' - Coal marginal: '#545454' - solid: '#545454' - Lignite: '#826837' - lignite: '#826837' - Lignite marginal: '#826837' - # biomass - biogas: '#e3d37d' - biomass: '#baa741' - solid biomass: '#baa741' - solid biomass transport: '#baa741' - solid biomass for industry: '#7a6d26' - solid biomass for industry CC: '#47411c' - solid biomass for industry co2 from atmosphere: '#736412' - solid biomass for industry co2 to stored: '#47411c' - # power transmission - lines: '#6c9459' - transmission lines: '#6c9459' - electricity distribution grid: '#97ad8c' - # electricity demand - Electric load: '#110d63' - electric demand: '#110d63' - electricity: '#110d63' - industry electricity: '#2d2a66' - industry new electricity: '#2d2a66' - agriculture electricity: '#494778' - # battery + EVs - battery: '#ace37f' - battery storage: '#ace37f' - home battery: '#80c944' - home battery storage: '#80c944' - BEV charger: '#baf238' - V2G: '#e5ffa8' - land transport EV: '#baf238' - Li ion: '#baf238' - # hot water storage - water tanks: '#e69487' - hot water storage: '#e69487' - hot water charging: '#e69487' - hot water discharging: '#e69487' - # heat demand - Heat load: '#cc1f1f' - heat: '#cc1f1f' - heat demand: '#cc1f1f' - rural heat: '#ff5c5c' - central heat: '#cc1f1f' - decentral heat: '#750606' - low-temperature heat for industry: '#8f2727' - process heat: '#ff0000' - agriculture heat: '#d9a5a5' - # heat supply - heat pumps: '#2fb537' - heat pump: '#2fb537' - air heat pump: '#36eb41' - ground heat pump: '#2fb537' - Ambient: '#98eb9d' - CHP: '#8a5751' - CHP CC: '#634643' - CHP heat: '#8a5751' - CHP electric: '#8a5751' - district heating: '#e8beac' - resistive heater: '#d8f9b8' - retrofitting: '#8487e8' - building retrofitting: '#8487e8' - # hydrogen - H2 for industry: "#f073da" - H2 for shipping: "#ebaee0" - H2: '#bf13a0' - hydrogen: '#bf13a0' - SMR: '#870c71' - SMR CC: '#4f1745' - H2 liquefaction: '#d647bd' - hydrogen storage: '#bf13a0' - H2 storage: '#bf13a0' - land transport fuel cell: '#6b3161' - H2 pipeline: '#f081dc' - H2 pipeline retrofitted: '#ba99b5' - H2 Fuel Cell: '#c251ae' - H2 Electrolysis: '#ff29d9' - # syngas - Sabatier: '#9850ad' - methanation: '#c44ce6' - methane: '#c44ce6' - helmeth: '#e899ff' - # synfuels - Fischer-Tropsch: '#25c49a' - liquid: '#25c49a' - kerosene for aviation: '#a1ffe6' - naphtha for industry: '#57ebc4' - # co2 - CC: '#f29dae' - CCS: '#f29dae' - CO2 sequestration: '#f29dae' - DAC: '#ff5270' - co2 stored: '#f2385a' - co2: '#f29dae' - co2 vent: '#ffd4dc' - CO2 pipeline: '#f5627f' - # emissions - process emissions CC: '#000000' - process emissions: '#222222' - process emissions to stored: '#444444' - process emissions to atmosphere: '#888888' - oil emissions: '#aaaaaa' - shipping oil emissions: "#555555" - land transport oil emissions: '#777777' - agriculture machinery oil emissions: '#333333' - # other - shipping: '#03a2ff' - power-to-heat: '#2fb537' - power-to-gas: '#c44ce6' - power-to-H2: '#ff29d9' - power-to-liquid: '#25c49a' - gas-to-power/heat: '#ee8340' - waste: '#e3d37d' - other: '#000000' - import pipeline-h2: '#fff6e0' - import shipping-lh2: '#ebe1ca' - import shipping-lch4: '#d6cbb2' - import shipping-ftfuel: '#bdb093' - import hvdc: '#91856a' - diff --git a/config.lv.yaml b/config.lv.yaml deleted file mode 100644 index 04a10a3c..00000000 --- a/config.lv.yaml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,594 +0,0 @@ -version: 0.6.0 - -logging_level: INFO - -results_dir: results/ -summary_dir: results -costs_dir: ../technology-data/outputs/ -run: 20211218-181-lv # use this to keep track of runs with different settings -foresight: overnight # options are overnight, myopic, perfect (perfect is not yet implemented) -# if you use myopic or perfect foresight, set the investment years in "planning_horizons" below - -scenario: - simpl: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur - - '' - lv: # allowed transmission line volume expansion, can be any float >= 1.0 (today) or "opt" - - 1.0 - - 1.125 - - 1.25 - - 1.5 - - 1.75 - - 2.0 - clusters: # number of nodes in Europe, any integer between 37 (1 node per country-zone) and several hundred - - 181 - opts: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur - - '' - sector_opts: # this is where the main scenario settings are - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10 - # to really understand the options here, look in scripts/prepare_sector_network.py - # Co2Lx specifies the CO2 target in x% of the 1990 values; default will give default (5%); - # Co2L0p25 will give 25% CO2 emissions; Co2Lm0p05 will give 5% negative emissions - # xH is the temporal resolution; 3H is 3-hourly, i.e. one snapshot every 3 hours - # single letters are sectors: T for land transport, H for building heating, - # B for biomass supply, I for industry, shipping and aviation, - # A for agriculture, forestry and fishing - # solar+c0.5 reduces the capital cost of solar to 50\% of reference value - # solar+p3 multiplies the available installable potential by factor 3 - # co2 stored+e2 multiplies the potential of CO2 sequestration by a factor 2 - # dist{n} includes distribution grids with investment cost of n times cost in data/costs.csv - # for myopic/perfect foresight cb states the carbon budget in GtCO2 (cumulative - # emissions throughout the transition path in the timeframe determined by the - # planning_horizons), be:beta decay; ex:exponential decay - # cb40ex0 distributes a carbon budget of 40 GtCO2 following an exponential - # decay with initial growth rate 0 - planning_horizons: # investment years for myopic and perfect; or costs year for overnight - - 2030 - # for example, set to [2020, 2030, 2040, 2050] for myopic foresight - -# CO2 budget as a fraction of 1990 emissions -# this is over-ridden if CO2Lx is set in sector_opts -# this is also over-ridden if cb is set in sector_opts -co2_budget: - 2020: 0.7011648746 - 2025: 0.5241935484 - 2030: 0.2970430108 - 2035: 0.1500896057 - 2040: 0.0712365591 - 2045: 0.0322580645 - 2050: 0 - -# snapshots are originally set in PyPSA-Eur/config.yaml but used again by PyPSA-Eur-Sec -snapshots: - # arguments to pd.date_range - start: "2013-01-01" - end: "2014-01-01" - closed: left # end is not inclusive - -atlite: - cutout: ../pypsa-eur/cutouts/europe-2013-era5.nc - -# this information is NOT used but needed as an argument for -# pypsa-eur/scripts/add_electricity.py/load_costs in make_summary.py -electricity: - max_hours: - battery: 6 - H2: 168 - -# regulate what components with which carriers are kept from PyPSA-Eur; -# some technologies are removed because they are implemented differently -# (e.g. battery or H2 storage) or have different year-dependent costs -# in PyPSA-Eur-Sec -pypsa_eur: - Bus: - - AC - Link: - - DC - Generator: - - onwind - - offwind-ac - - offwind-dc - - solar - - ror - StorageUnit: - - PHS - - hydro - Store: [] - - -energy: - energy_totals_year: 2011 - base_emissions_year: 1990 - eurostat_report_year: 2016 - emissions: CO2 # "CO2" or "All greenhouse gases - (CO2 equivalent)" - -biomass: - year: 2030 - scenario: ENS_Med - classes: - solid biomass: - - Agricultural waste - - Fuelwood residues - - Secondary Forestry residues - woodchips - - Sawdust - - Residues from landscape care - - Municipal waste - not included: - - Sugar from sugar beet - - Rape seed - - "Sunflower, soya seed " - - Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye - - Miscanthus, switchgrass, RCG - - Willow - - Poplar - - FuelwoodRW - - C&P_RW - biogas: - - Manure solid, liquid - - Sludge - - -solar_thermal: - clearsky_model: simple # should be "simple" or "enhanced"? - orientation: - slope: 45. - azimuth: 180. - -# only relevant for foresight = myopic or perfect -existing_capacities: - grouping_years: [1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2019] - threshold_capacity: 10 - conventional_carriers: - - lignite - - coal - - oil - - uranium - - -sector: - district_heating: - potential: 0.6 # maximum fraction of urban demand which can be supplied by district heating - # increase of today's district heating demand to potential maximum district heating share - # progress = 0 means today's district heating share, progress = 1 means maximum fraction of urban demand is supplied by district heating - progress: 1 - # 2020: 0.0 - # 2030: 0.3 - # 2040: 0.6 - # 2050: 1.0 - district_heating_loss: 0.15 - bev_dsm_restriction_value: 0.75 #Set to 0 for no restriction on BEV DSM - bev_dsm_restriction_time: 7 #Time at which SOC of BEV has to be dsm_restriction_value - transport_heating_deadband_upper: 20. - transport_heating_deadband_lower: 15. - ICE_lower_degree_factor: 0.375 #in per cent increase in fuel consumption per degree above deadband - ICE_upper_degree_factor: 1.6 - EV_lower_degree_factor: 0.98 - EV_upper_degree_factor: 0.63 - bev_dsm: true #turns on EV battery - bev_availability: 0.5 #How many cars do smart charging - bev_energy: 0.05 #average battery size in MWh - bev_charge_efficiency: 0.9 #BEV (dis-)charging efficiency - bev_plug_to_wheel_efficiency: 0.2 #kWh/km from EPA https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/ for Tesla Model S - bev_charge_rate: 0.011 #3-phase charger with 11 kW - bev_avail_max: 0.95 - bev_avail_mean: 0.8 - v2g: true #allows feed-in to grid from EV battery - #what is not EV or FCEV is oil-fuelled ICE - land_transport_fuel_cell_share: 0.15 # 1 means all FCEVs - # 2020: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2040: 0.1 - # 2050: 0.15 - land_transport_electric_share: 0.85 # 1 means all EVs - # 2020: 0 - # 2030: 0.25 - # 2040: 0.6 - # 2050: 0.85 - transport_fuel_cell_efficiency: 0.5 - transport_internal_combustion_efficiency: 0.3 - agriculture_machinery_electric_share: 0 - agriculture_machinery_fuel_efficiency: 0.7 # fuel oil per use - agriculture_machinery_electric_efficiency: 0.3 # electricity per use - shipping_average_efficiency: 0.4 #For conversion of fuel oil to propulsion in 2011 - shipping_hydrogen_liquefaction: true # whether to consider liquefaction costs for shipping H2 demands - shipping_hydrogen_share: 1 # 1 means all hydrogen FC - # 2020: 0 - # 2025: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2035: 0.15 - # 2040: 0.3 - # 2045: 0.6 - # 2050: 1 - time_dep_hp_cop: true #time dependent heat pump coefficient of performance - heat_pump_sink_T: 55. # Celsius, based on DTU / large area radiators; used in build_cop_profiles.py - # conservatively high to cover hot water and space heating in poorly-insulated buildings - reduce_space_heat_exogenously: true # reduces space heat demand by a given factor (applied before losses in DH) - # this can represent e.g. building renovation, building demolition, or if - # the factor is negative: increasing floor area, increased thermal comfort, population growth - reduce_space_heat_exogenously_factor: 0.29 # per unit reduction in space heat demand - # the default factors are determined by the LTS scenario from http://tool.european-calculator.eu/app/buildings/building-types-area/?levers=1ddd4444421213bdbbbddd44444ffffff11f411111221111211l212221 - # 2020: 0.10 # this results in a space heat demand reduction of 10% - # 2025: 0.09 # first heat demand increases compared to 2020 because of larger floor area per capita - # 2030: 0.09 - # 2035: 0.11 - # 2040: 0.16 - # 2045: 0.21 - # 2050: 0.29 - retrofitting : # co-optimises building renovation to reduce space heat demand - retro_endogen: false # co-optimise space heat savings - cost_factor: 1.0 # weight costs for building renovation - interest_rate: 0.04 # for investment in building components - annualise_cost: true # annualise the investment costs - tax_weighting: false # weight costs depending on taxes in countries - construction_index: true # weight costs depending on labour/material costs per country - tes: true - tes_tau: # 180 day time constant for centralised, 3 day for decentralised - decentral: 3 - central: 180 - boilers: true - oil_boilers: false - chp: true - micro_chp: false - solar_thermal: true - solar_cf_correction: 0.788457 # = >>> 1/1.2683 - marginal_cost_storage: 0. #1e-4 - methanation: true - helmeth: false - dac: true - co2_vent: false - SMR: true - co2_sequestration_potential: 200 #MtCO2/a sequestration potential for Europe - co2_sequestration_cost: 20 #EUR/tCO2 for sequestration of CO2 - co2_network: false - cc_fraction: 0.9 # default fraction of CO2 captured with post-combustion capture - hydrogen_underground_storage: true - hydrogen_underground_storage_locations: - # - onshore # more than 50 km from sea - - nearshore # within 50 km of sea - # - offshore - use_fischer_tropsch_waste_heat: true - use_fuel_cell_waste_heat: true - electricity_distribution_grid: true - electricity_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv - electricity_grid_connection: true # only applies to onshore wind and utility PV - H2_network: true - gas_network: false - H2_retrofit: true # if set to True existing gas pipes can be retrofitted to H2 pipes - # according to hydrogen backbone strategy (April, 2020) p.15 - # https://gasforclimate2050.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020_European-Hydrogen-Backbone_Report.pdf - # 60% of original natural gas capacity could be used in cost-optimal case as H2 capacity - H2_retrofit_capacity_per_CH4: 0.6 # ratio for H2 capacity per original CH4 capacity of retrofitted pipelines - gas_network_connectivity_upgrade: 1 # https://networkx.org/documentation/stable/reference/algorithms/generated/networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation.html#networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation - gas_distribution_grid: true - gas_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv - biomass_transport: false # biomass transport between nodes - conventional_generation: # generator : carrier - OCGT: gas - - -industry: - St_primary_fraction: 0.3 # fraction of steel produced via primary route versus secondary route (scrap+EAF); today fraction is 0.6 - # 2020: 0.6 - # 2025: 0.55 - # 2030: 0.5 - # 2035: 0.45 - # 2040: 0.4 - # 2045: 0.35 - # 2050: 0.3 - DRI_fraction: 1 # fraction of the primary route converted to DRI + EAF - # 2020: 0 - # 2025: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2035: 0.2 - # 2040: 0.4 - # 2045: 0.7 - # 2050: 1 - H2_DRI: 1.7 #H2 consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI), MWh_H2,LHV/ton_Steel from 51kgH2/tSt in Vogl et al (2018) doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.279 - elec_DRI: 0.322 #electricity consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) shaft, MWh/tSt HYBRIT brochure https://ssabwebsitecdn.azureedge.net/-/media/hybrit/files/hybrit_brochure.pdf - Al_primary_fraction: 0.2 # fraction of aluminium produced via the primary route versus scrap; today fraction is 0.4 - # 2020: 0.4 - # 2025: 0.375 - # 2030: 0.35 - # 2035: 0.325 - # 2040: 0.3 - # 2045: 0.25 - # 2050: 0.2 - MWh_CH4_per_tNH3_SMR: 10.8 # 2012's demand from https://ec.europa.eu/docsroom/documents/4165/attachments/1/translations/en/renditions/pdf - MWh_elec_per_tNH3_SMR: 0.7 # same source, assuming 94-6% split methane-elec of total energy demand 11.5 MWh/tNH3 - MWh_H2_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 6.5 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017, around 0.197 tH2/tHN3 (>3/17 since some H2 lost and used for energy) - MWh_elec_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 1.17 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017 Table 13 (air separation and HB) - NH3_process_emissions: 24.5 # in MtCO2/a from SMR for H2 production for NH3 from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28 - petrochemical_process_emissions: 25.5 # in MtCO2/a for petrochemical and other from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28 - HVC_primary_fraction: 0.45 # fraction of today's HVC produced via primary route - HVC_mechanical_recycling_fraction: 0.30 # fraction of today's HVC produced via mechanical recycling - HVC_chemical_recycling_fraction: 0.15 # fraction of today's HVC produced via chemical recycling - HVC_production_today: 52. # MtHVC/a from DECHEMA (2017), Figure 16, page 107; includes ethylene, propylene and BTX - MWh_elec_per_tHVC_mechanical_recycling: 0.547 # from SI of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105010, Table S5, for HDPE, PP, PS, PET. LDPE would be 0.756. - MWh_elec_per_tHVC_chemical_recycling: 6.9 # Material Economics (2019), page 125; based on pyrolysis and electric steam cracking - chlorine_production_today: 9.58 # MtCl/a from DECHEMA (2017), Table 7, page 43 - MWh_elec_per_tCl: 3.6 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 6, page 43 - MWh_H2_per_tCl: -0.9372 # DECHEMA (2017), page 43; negative since hydrogen produced in chloralkali process - methanol_production_today: 1.5 # MtMeOH/a from DECHEMA (2017), page 62 - MWh_elec_per_tMeOH: 0.167 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65 - MWh_CH4_per_tMeOH: 10.25 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65 - hotmaps_locate_missing: false - reference_year: 2015 - # references: - # DECHEMA (2017): https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry-p-20002750.pdf - # Material Economics (2019): https://materialeconomics.com/latest-updates/industrial-transformation-2050 - -costs: - lifetime: 25 #default lifetime - # From a Lion Hirth paper, also reflects average of Noothout et al 2016 - discountrate: 0.07 - # [EUR/USD] ECB: https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/exchange/eurofxref/html/eurofxref-graph-usd.en.html # noqa: E501 - USD2013_to_EUR2013: 0.7532 - - # Marginal and capital costs can be overwritten - # capital_cost: - # onwind: 500 - marginal_cost: - solar: 0.01 - onwind: 0.015 - offwind: 0.015 - hydro: 0. - H2: 0. - battery: 0. - - emission_prices: # only used with the option Ep (emission prices) - co2: 0. - - lines: - length_factor: 1.25 #to estimate offwind connection costs - - -solving: - #tmpdir: "path/to/tmp" - options: - formulation: kirchhoff - clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2 - load_shedding: false - noisy_costs: true - skip_iterations: true - track_iterations: false - min_iterations: 4 - max_iterations: 6 - keep_shadowprices: - - Bus - - Line - - Link - - Transformer - - GlobalConstraint - - Generator - - Store - - StorageUnit - solver: - name: gurobi - threads: 4 - method: 2 # barrier - crossover: 0 - BarConvTol: 1.e-4 - Seed: 123 - AggFill: 0 - PreDual: 0 - GURO_PAR_BARDENSETHRESH: 200 - #FeasibilityTol: 1.e-6 - - #name: cplex - #threads: 4 - #lpmethod: 4 # barrier - #solutiontype: 2 # non basic solution, ie no crossover - #barrier_convergetol: 1.e-5 - #feasopt_tolerance: 1.e-6 - mem: 126000 #memory in MB; 20 GB enough for 50+B+I+H2; 100 GB for 181+B+I+H2 - - -plotting: - map: - boundaries: [-11, 30, 34, 71] - color_geomap: - ocean: white - land: white - costs_max: 1000 - costs_threshold: 1 - energy_max: 20000 - energy_min: -20000 - energy_threshold: 50 - vre_techs: - - onwind - - offwind-ac - - offwind-dc - - solar - - ror - renewable_storage_techs: - - PHS - - hydro - conv_techs: - - OCGT - - CCGT - - Nuclear - - Coal - storage_techs: - - hydro+PHS - - battery - - H2 - load_carriers: - - AC load - AC_carriers: - - AC line - - AC transformer - link_carriers: - - DC line - - Converter AC-DC - heat_links: - - heat pump - - resistive heater - - CHP heat - - CHP electric - - gas boiler - - central heat pump - - central resistive heater - - central CHP heat - - central CHP electric - - central gas boiler - heat_generators: - - gas boiler - - central gas boiler - - solar thermal collector - - central solar thermal collector - tech_colors: - # wind - onwind: "#235ebc" - onshore wind: "#235ebc" - offwind: "#6895dd" - offshore wind: "#6895dd" - offwind-ac: "#6895dd" - offshore wind (AC): "#6895dd" - offwind-dc: "#74c6f2" - offshore wind (DC): "#74c6f2" - # water - hydro: '#298c81' - hydro reservoir: '#298c81' - ror: '#3dbfb0' - run of river: '#3dbfb0' - hydroelectricity: '#298c81' - PHS: '#51dbcc' - wave: '#a7d4cf' - # solar - solar: "#f9d002" - solar PV: "#f9d002" - solar thermal: '#ffbf2b' - solar rooftop: '#ffea80' - # gas - OCGT: '#e0986c' - OCGT marginal: '#e0986c' - OCGT-heat: '#e0986c' - gas boiler: '#db6a25' - gas boilers: '#db6a25' - gas boiler marginal: '#db6a25' - gas: '#e05b09' - natural gas: '#e05b09' - CCGT: '#a85522' - CCGT marginal: '#a85522' - gas for industry co2 to atmosphere: '#692e0a' - gas for industry co2 to stored: '#8a3400' - gas for industry: '#853403' - gas for industry CC: '#692e0a' - gas pipeline: '#ebbca0' - # oil - oil: '#c9c9c9' - oil boiler: '#adadad' - agriculture machinery oil: '#949494' - shipping oil: "#808080" - land transport oil: '#afafaf' - # nuclear - Nuclear: '#ff8c00' - Nuclear marginal: '#ff8c00' - nuclear: '#ff8c00' - uranium: '#ff8c00' - # coal - Coal: '#545454' - coal: '#545454' - Coal marginal: '#545454' - Lignite: '#826837' - lignite: '#826837' - Lignite marginal: '#826837' - # biomass - biogas: '#e3d37d' - solid biomass: '#baa741' - solid biomass transport: '#baa741' - solid biomass for industry: '#7a6d26' - solid biomass for industry CC: '#47411c' - solid biomass for industry co2 from atmosphere: '#736412' - solid biomass for industry co2 to stored: '#47411c' - # power transmission - lines: '#6c9459' - transmission lines: '#6c9459' - electricity distribution grid: '#97ad8c' - # electricity demand - Electric load: '#110d63' - electric demand: '#110d63' - electricity: '#110d63' - industry electricity: '#2d2a66' - industry new electricity: '#2d2a66' - agriculture electricity: '#494778' - # battery + EVs - battery: '#ace37f' - battery storage: '#ace37f' - home battery: '#80c944' - home battery storage: '#80c944' - BEV charger: '#baf238' - V2G: '#e5ffa8' - land transport EV: '#baf238' - Li ion: '#baf238' - # hot water storage - water tanks: '#e69487' - hot water storage: '#e69487' - hot water charging: '#e69487' - hot water discharging: '#e69487' - # heat demand - Heat load: '#cc1f1f' - heat: '#cc1f1f' - heat demand: '#cc1f1f' - rural heat: '#ff5c5c' - central heat: '#cc1f1f' - decentral heat: '#750606' - low-temperature heat for industry: '#8f2727' - process heat: '#ff0000' - agriculture heat: '#d9a5a5' - # heat supply - heat pumps: '#2fb537' - heat pump: '#2fb537' - air heat pump: '#36eb41' - ground heat pump: '#2fb537' - Ambient: '#98eb9d' - CHP: '#8a5751' - CHP CC: '#634643' - CHP heat: '#8a5751' - CHP electric: '#8a5751' - district heating: '#e8beac' - resistive heater: '#c78536' - retrofitting: '#8487e8' - building retrofitting: '#8487e8' - # hydrogen - H2 for industry: "#f073da" - H2 for shipping: "#ebaee0" - H2: '#bf13a0' - SMR: '#870c71' - SMR CC: '#4f1745' - H2 liquefaction: '#d647bd' - hydrogen storage: '#bf13a0' - land transport fuel cell: '#6b3161' - H2 pipeline: '#f081dc' - H2 Fuel Cell: '#c251ae' - H2 Electrolysis: '#ff29d9' - # syngas - Sabatier: '#9850ad' - methanation: '#c44ce6' - helmeth: '#e899ff' - # synfuels - Fischer-Tropsch: '#25c49a' - kerosene for aviation: '#a1ffe6' - naphtha for industry: '#57ebc4' - # co2 - CC: '#9e132c' - CO2 sequestration: '#9e132c' - DAC: '#ff5270' - co2 stored: '#f2385a' - co2: '#f29dae' - co2 vent: '#ffd4dc' - CO2 pipeline: '#f5627f' - # emissions - process emissions CC: '#000000' - process emissions: '#222222' - process emissions to stored: '#444444' - process emissions to atmosphere: '#888888' - oil emissions: '#aaaaaa' - shipping oil emissions: "#555555" - land transport oil emissions: '#777777' - agriculture machinery oil emissions: '#333333' - # other - shipping: '#03a2ff' - power-to-heat: '#cc1f1f' - power-to-gas: '#c44ce6' - power-to-liquid: '#25c49a' - gas-to-power/heat: '#ee8340' diff --git a/config.onw.yaml b/config.onw.yaml deleted file mode 100644 index 6b1e31f2..00000000 --- a/config.onw.yaml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,594 +0,0 @@ -version: 0.6.0 - -logging_level: INFO - -results_dir: results/ -summary_dir: results -costs_dir: ../technology-data/outputs/ -run: 20211218-181-onw # use this to keep track of runs with different settings -foresight: overnight # options are overnight, myopic, perfect (perfect is not yet implemented) -# if you use myopic or perfect foresight, set the investment years in "planning_horizons" below - -scenario: - simpl: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur - - '' - lv: # allowed transmission line volume expansion, can be any float >= 1.0 (today) or "opt" - - 1.25 - clusters: # number of nodes in Europe, any integer between 37 (1 node per country-zone) and several hundred - - 181 - opts: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur - - '' - sector_opts: # this is where the main scenario settings are - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind+p0 - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind+p0.125 - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind+p0.25 - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind+p0.5 - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind+p0.75 - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind+p1 - # to really understand the options here, look in scripts/prepare_sector_network.py - # Co2Lx specifies the CO2 target in x% of the 1990 values; default will give default (5%); - # Co2L0p25 will give 25% CO2 emissions; Co2Lm0p05 will give 5% negative emissions - # xH is the temporal resolution; 3H is 3-hourly, i.e. one snapshot every 3 hours - # single letters are sectors: T for land transport, H for building heating, - # B for biomass supply, I for industry, shipping and aviation, - # A for agriculture, forestry and fishing - # solar+c0.5 reduces the capital cost of solar to 50\% of reference value - # solar+p3 multiplies the available installable potential by factor 3 - # co2 stored+e2 multiplies the potential of CO2 sequestration by a factor 2 - # dist{n} includes distribution grids with investment cost of n times cost in data/costs.csv - # for myopic/perfect foresight cb states the carbon budget in GtCO2 (cumulative - # emissions throughout the transition path in the timeframe determined by the - # planning_horizons), be:beta decay; ex:exponential decay - # cb40ex0 distributes a carbon budget of 40 GtCO2 following an exponential - # decay with initial growth rate 0 - planning_horizons: # investment years for myopic and perfect; or costs year for overnight - - 2030 - # for example, set to [2020, 2030, 2040, 2050] for myopic foresight - -# CO2 budget as a fraction of 1990 emissions -# this is over-ridden if CO2Lx is set in sector_opts -# this is also over-ridden if cb is set in sector_opts -co2_budget: - 2020: 0.7011648746 - 2025: 0.5241935484 - 2030: 0.2970430108 - 2035: 0.1500896057 - 2040: 0.0712365591 - 2045: 0.0322580645 - 2050: 0 - -# snapshots are originally set in PyPSA-Eur/config.yaml but used again by PyPSA-Eur-Sec -snapshots: - # arguments to pd.date_range - start: "2013-01-01" - end: "2014-01-01" - closed: left # end is not inclusive - -atlite: - cutout: ../pypsa-eur/cutouts/europe-2013-era5.nc - -# this information is NOT used but needed as an argument for -# pypsa-eur/scripts/add_electricity.py/load_costs in make_summary.py -electricity: - max_hours: - battery: 6 - H2: 168 - -# regulate what components with which carriers are kept from PyPSA-Eur; -# some technologies are removed because they are implemented differently -# (e.g. battery or H2 storage) or have different year-dependent costs -# in PyPSA-Eur-Sec -pypsa_eur: - Bus: - - AC - Link: - - DC - Generator: - - onwind - - offwind-ac - - offwind-dc - - solar - - ror - StorageUnit: - - PHS - - hydro - Store: [] - - -energy: - energy_totals_year: 2011 - base_emissions_year: 1990 - eurostat_report_year: 2016 - emissions: CO2 # "CO2" or "All greenhouse gases - (CO2 equivalent)" - -biomass: - year: 2030 - scenario: ENS_Med - classes: - solid biomass: - - Agricultural waste - - Fuelwood residues - - Secondary Forestry residues - woodchips - - Sawdust - - Residues from landscape care - - Municipal waste - not included: - - Sugar from sugar beet - - Rape seed - - "Sunflower, soya seed " - - Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye - - Miscanthus, switchgrass, RCG - - Willow - - Poplar - - FuelwoodRW - - C&P_RW - biogas: - - Manure solid, liquid - - Sludge - - -solar_thermal: - clearsky_model: simple # should be "simple" or "enhanced"? - orientation: - slope: 45. - azimuth: 180. - -# only relevant for foresight = myopic or perfect -existing_capacities: - grouping_years: [1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2019] - threshold_capacity: 10 - conventional_carriers: - - lignite - - coal - - oil - - uranium - - -sector: - district_heating: - potential: 0.6 # maximum fraction of urban demand which can be supplied by district heating - # increase of today's district heating demand to potential maximum district heating share - # progress = 0 means today's district heating share, progress = 1 means maximum fraction of urban demand is supplied by district heating - progress: 1 - # 2020: 0.0 - # 2030: 0.3 - # 2040: 0.6 - # 2050: 1.0 - district_heating_loss: 0.15 - bev_dsm_restriction_value: 0.75 #Set to 0 for no restriction on BEV DSM - bev_dsm_restriction_time: 7 #Time at which SOC of BEV has to be dsm_restriction_value - transport_heating_deadband_upper: 20. - transport_heating_deadband_lower: 15. - ICE_lower_degree_factor: 0.375 #in per cent increase in fuel consumption per degree above deadband - ICE_upper_degree_factor: 1.6 - EV_lower_degree_factor: 0.98 - EV_upper_degree_factor: 0.63 - bev_dsm: true #turns on EV battery - bev_availability: 0.5 #How many cars do smart charging - bev_energy: 0.05 #average battery size in MWh - bev_charge_efficiency: 0.9 #BEV (dis-)charging efficiency - bev_plug_to_wheel_efficiency: 0.2 #kWh/km from EPA https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/ for Tesla Model S - bev_charge_rate: 0.011 #3-phase charger with 11 kW - bev_avail_max: 0.95 - bev_avail_mean: 0.8 - v2g: true #allows feed-in to grid from EV battery - #what is not EV or FCEV is oil-fuelled ICE - land_transport_fuel_cell_share: 0.15 # 1 means all FCEVs - # 2020: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2040: 0.1 - # 2050: 0.15 - land_transport_electric_share: 0.85 # 1 means all EVs - # 2020: 0 - # 2030: 0.25 - # 2040: 0.6 - # 2050: 0.85 - transport_fuel_cell_efficiency: 0.5 - transport_internal_combustion_efficiency: 0.3 - agriculture_machinery_electric_share: 0 - agriculture_machinery_fuel_efficiency: 0.7 # fuel oil per use - agriculture_machinery_electric_efficiency: 0.3 # electricity per use - shipping_average_efficiency: 0.4 #For conversion of fuel oil to propulsion in 2011 - shipping_hydrogen_liquefaction: true # whether to consider liquefaction costs for shipping H2 demands - shipping_hydrogen_share: 1 # 1 means all hydrogen FC - # 2020: 0 - # 2025: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2035: 0.15 - # 2040: 0.3 - # 2045: 0.6 - # 2050: 1 - time_dep_hp_cop: true #time dependent heat pump coefficient of performance - heat_pump_sink_T: 55. # Celsius, based on DTU / large area radiators; used in build_cop_profiles.py - # conservatively high to cover hot water and space heating in poorly-insulated buildings - reduce_space_heat_exogenously: true # reduces space heat demand by a given factor (applied before losses in DH) - # this can represent e.g. building renovation, building demolition, or if - # the factor is negative: increasing floor area, increased thermal comfort, population growth - reduce_space_heat_exogenously_factor: 0.29 # per unit reduction in space heat demand - # the default factors are determined by the LTS scenario from http://tool.european-calculator.eu/app/buildings/building-types-area/?levers=1ddd4444421213bdbbbddd44444ffffff11f411111221111211l212221 - # 2020: 0.10 # this results in a space heat demand reduction of 10% - # 2025: 0.09 # first heat demand increases compared to 2020 because of larger floor area per capita - # 2030: 0.09 - # 2035: 0.11 - # 2040: 0.16 - # 2045: 0.21 - # 2050: 0.29 - retrofitting : # co-optimises building renovation to reduce space heat demand - retro_endogen: false # co-optimise space heat savings - cost_factor: 1.0 # weight costs for building renovation - interest_rate: 0.04 # for investment in building components - annualise_cost: true # annualise the investment costs - tax_weighting: false # weight costs depending on taxes in countries - construction_index: true # weight costs depending on labour/material costs per country - tes: true - tes_tau: # 180 day time constant for centralised, 3 day for decentralised - decentral: 3 - central: 180 - boilers: true - oil_boilers: false - chp: true - micro_chp: false - solar_thermal: true - solar_cf_correction: 0.788457 # = >>> 1/1.2683 - marginal_cost_storage: 0. #1e-4 - methanation: true - helmeth: false - dac: true - co2_vent: false - SMR: true - co2_sequestration_potential: 200 #MtCO2/a sequestration potential for Europe - co2_sequestration_cost: 20 #EUR/tCO2 for sequestration of CO2 - co2_network: false - cc_fraction: 0.9 # default fraction of CO2 captured with post-combustion capture - hydrogen_underground_storage: true - hydrogen_underground_storage_locations: - # - onshore # more than 50 km from sea - - nearshore # within 50 km of sea - # - offshore - use_fischer_tropsch_waste_heat: true - use_fuel_cell_waste_heat: true - electricity_distribution_grid: true - electricity_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv - electricity_grid_connection: true # only applies to onshore wind and utility PV - H2_network: true - gas_network: false - H2_retrofit: true # if set to True existing gas pipes can be retrofitted to H2 pipes - # according to hydrogen backbone strategy (April, 2020) p.15 - # https://gasforclimate2050.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020_European-Hydrogen-Backbone_Report.pdf - # 60% of original natural gas capacity could be used in cost-optimal case as H2 capacity - H2_retrofit_capacity_per_CH4: 0.6 # ratio for H2 capacity per original CH4 capacity of retrofitted pipelines - gas_network_connectivity_upgrade: 1 # https://networkx.org/documentation/stable/reference/algorithms/generated/networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation.html#networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation - gas_distribution_grid: true - gas_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv - biomass_transport: false # biomass transport between nodes - conventional_generation: # generator : carrier - OCGT: gas - - -industry: - St_primary_fraction: 0.3 # fraction of steel produced via primary route versus secondary route (scrap+EAF); today fraction is 0.6 - # 2020: 0.6 - # 2025: 0.55 - # 2030: 0.5 - # 2035: 0.45 - # 2040: 0.4 - # 2045: 0.35 - # 2050: 0.3 - DRI_fraction: 1 # fraction of the primary route converted to DRI + EAF - # 2020: 0 - # 2025: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2035: 0.2 - # 2040: 0.4 - # 2045: 0.7 - # 2050: 1 - H2_DRI: 1.7 #H2 consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI), MWh_H2,LHV/ton_Steel from 51kgH2/tSt in Vogl et al (2018) doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.279 - elec_DRI: 0.322 #electricity consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) shaft, MWh/tSt HYBRIT brochure https://ssabwebsitecdn.azureedge.net/-/media/hybrit/files/hybrit_brochure.pdf - Al_primary_fraction: 0.2 # fraction of aluminium produced via the primary route versus scrap; today fraction is 0.4 - # 2020: 0.4 - # 2025: 0.375 - # 2030: 0.35 - # 2035: 0.325 - # 2040: 0.3 - # 2045: 0.25 - # 2050: 0.2 - MWh_CH4_per_tNH3_SMR: 10.8 # 2012's demand from https://ec.europa.eu/docsroom/documents/4165/attachments/1/translations/en/renditions/pdf - MWh_elec_per_tNH3_SMR: 0.7 # same source, assuming 94-6% split methane-elec of total energy demand 11.5 MWh/tNH3 - MWh_H2_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 6.5 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017, around 0.197 tH2/tHN3 (>3/17 since some H2 lost and used for energy) - MWh_elec_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 1.17 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017 Table 13 (air separation and HB) - NH3_process_emissions: 24.5 # in MtCO2/a from SMR for H2 production for NH3 from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28 - petrochemical_process_emissions: 25.5 # in MtCO2/a for petrochemical and other from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28 - HVC_primary_fraction: 0.45 # fraction of today's HVC produced via primary route - HVC_mechanical_recycling_fraction: 0.30 # fraction of today's HVC produced via mechanical recycling - HVC_chemical_recycling_fraction: 0.15 # fraction of today's HVC produced via chemical recycling - HVC_production_today: 52. # MtHVC/a from DECHEMA (2017), Figure 16, page 107; includes ethylene, propylene and BTX - MWh_elec_per_tHVC_mechanical_recycling: 0.547 # from SI of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105010, Table S5, for HDPE, PP, PS, PET. LDPE would be 0.756. - MWh_elec_per_tHVC_chemical_recycling: 6.9 # Material Economics (2019), page 125; based on pyrolysis and electric steam cracking - chlorine_production_today: 9.58 # MtCl/a from DECHEMA (2017), Table 7, page 43 - MWh_elec_per_tCl: 3.6 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 6, page 43 - MWh_H2_per_tCl: -0.9372 # DECHEMA (2017), page 43; negative since hydrogen produced in chloralkali process - methanol_production_today: 1.5 # MtMeOH/a from DECHEMA (2017), page 62 - MWh_elec_per_tMeOH: 0.167 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65 - MWh_CH4_per_tMeOH: 10.25 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65 - hotmaps_locate_missing: false - reference_year: 2015 - # references: - # DECHEMA (2017): https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry-p-20002750.pdf - # Material Economics (2019): https://materialeconomics.com/latest-updates/industrial-transformation-2050 - -costs: - lifetime: 25 #default lifetime - # From a Lion Hirth paper, also reflects average of Noothout et al 2016 - discountrate: 0.07 - # [EUR/USD] ECB: https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/exchange/eurofxref/html/eurofxref-graph-usd.en.html # noqa: E501 - USD2013_to_EUR2013: 0.7532 - - # Marginal and capital costs can be overwritten - # capital_cost: - # onwind: 500 - marginal_cost: - solar: 0.01 - onwind: 0.015 - offwind: 0.015 - hydro: 0. - H2: 0. - battery: 0. - - emission_prices: # only used with the option Ep (emission prices) - co2: 0. - - lines: - length_factor: 1.25 #to estimate offwind connection costs - - -solving: - #tmpdir: "path/to/tmp" - options: - formulation: kirchhoff - clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2 - load_shedding: false - noisy_costs: true - skip_iterations: true - track_iterations: false - min_iterations: 4 - max_iterations: 6 - keep_shadowprices: - - Bus - - Line - - Link - - Transformer - - GlobalConstraint - - Generator - - Store - - StorageUnit - solver: - name: gurobi - threads: 4 - method: 2 # barrier - crossover: 0 - BarConvTol: 1.e-4 - Seed: 123 - AggFill: 0 - PreDual: 0 - GURO_PAR_BARDENSETHRESH: 200 - #FeasibilityTol: 1.e-6 - - #name: cplex - #threads: 4 - #lpmethod: 4 # barrier - #solutiontype: 2 # non basic solution, ie no crossover - #barrier_convergetol: 1.e-5 - #feasopt_tolerance: 1.e-6 - mem: 126000 #memory in MB; 20 GB enough for 50+B+I+H2; 100 GB for 181+B+I+H2 - - -plotting: - map: - boundaries: [-11, 30, 34, 71] - color_geomap: - ocean: white - land: white - costs_max: 1000 - costs_threshold: 1 - energy_max: 20000 - energy_min: -20000 - energy_threshold: 50 - vre_techs: - - onwind - - offwind-ac - - offwind-dc - - solar - - ror - renewable_storage_techs: - - PHS - - hydro - conv_techs: - - OCGT - - CCGT - - Nuclear - - Coal - storage_techs: - - hydro+PHS - - battery - - H2 - load_carriers: - - AC load - AC_carriers: - - AC line - - AC transformer - link_carriers: - - DC line - - Converter AC-DC - heat_links: - - heat pump - - resistive heater - - CHP heat - - CHP electric - - gas boiler - - central heat pump - - central resistive heater - - central CHP heat - - central CHP electric - - central gas boiler - heat_generators: - - gas boiler - - central gas boiler - - solar thermal collector - - central solar thermal collector - tech_colors: - # wind - onwind: "#235ebc" - onshore wind: "#235ebc" - offwind: "#6895dd" - offshore wind: "#6895dd" - offwind-ac: "#6895dd" - offshore wind (AC): "#6895dd" - offwind-dc: "#74c6f2" - offshore wind (DC): "#74c6f2" - # water - hydro: '#298c81' - hydro reservoir: '#298c81' - ror: '#3dbfb0' - run of river: '#3dbfb0' - hydroelectricity: '#298c81' - PHS: '#51dbcc' - wave: '#a7d4cf' - # solar - solar: "#f9d002" - solar PV: "#f9d002" - solar thermal: '#ffbf2b' - solar rooftop: '#ffea80' - # gas - OCGT: '#e0986c' - OCGT marginal: '#e0986c' - OCGT-heat: '#e0986c' - gas boiler: '#db6a25' - gas boilers: '#db6a25' - gas boiler marginal: '#db6a25' - gas: '#e05b09' - natural gas: '#e05b09' - CCGT: '#a85522' - CCGT marginal: '#a85522' - gas for industry co2 to atmosphere: '#692e0a' - gas for industry co2 to stored: '#8a3400' - gas for industry: '#853403' - gas for industry CC: '#692e0a' - gas pipeline: '#ebbca0' - # oil - oil: '#c9c9c9' - oil boiler: '#adadad' - agriculture machinery oil: '#949494' - shipping oil: "#808080" - land transport oil: '#afafaf' - # nuclear - Nuclear: '#ff8c00' - Nuclear marginal: '#ff8c00' - nuclear: '#ff8c00' - uranium: '#ff8c00' - # coal - Coal: '#545454' - coal: '#545454' - Coal marginal: '#545454' - Lignite: '#826837' - lignite: '#826837' - Lignite marginal: '#826837' - # biomass - biogas: '#e3d37d' - solid biomass: '#baa741' - solid biomass transport: '#baa741' - solid biomass for industry: '#7a6d26' - solid biomass for industry CC: '#47411c' - solid biomass for industry co2 from atmosphere: '#736412' - solid biomass for industry co2 to stored: '#47411c' - # power transmission - lines: '#6c9459' - transmission lines: '#6c9459' - electricity distribution grid: '#97ad8c' - # electricity demand - Electric load: '#110d63' - electric demand: '#110d63' - electricity: '#110d63' - industry electricity: '#2d2a66' - industry new electricity: '#2d2a66' - agriculture electricity: '#494778' - # battery + EVs - battery: '#ace37f' - battery storage: '#ace37f' - home battery: '#80c944' - home battery storage: '#80c944' - BEV charger: '#baf238' - V2G: '#e5ffa8' - land transport EV: '#baf238' - Li ion: '#baf238' - # hot water storage - water tanks: '#e69487' - hot water storage: '#e69487' - hot water charging: '#e69487' - hot water discharging: '#e69487' - # heat demand - Heat load: '#cc1f1f' - heat: '#cc1f1f' - heat demand: '#cc1f1f' - rural heat: '#ff5c5c' - central heat: '#cc1f1f' - decentral heat: '#750606' - low-temperature heat for industry: '#8f2727' - process heat: '#ff0000' - agriculture heat: '#d9a5a5' - # heat supply - heat pumps: '#2fb537' - heat pump: '#2fb537' - air heat pump: '#36eb41' - ground heat pump: '#2fb537' - Ambient: '#98eb9d' - CHP: '#8a5751' - CHP CC: '#634643' - CHP heat: '#8a5751' - CHP electric: '#8a5751' - district heating: '#e8beac' - resistive heater: '#c78536' - retrofitting: '#8487e8' - building retrofitting: '#8487e8' - # hydrogen - H2 for industry: "#f073da" - H2 for shipping: "#ebaee0" - H2: '#bf13a0' - SMR: '#870c71' - SMR CC: '#4f1745' - H2 liquefaction: '#d647bd' - hydrogen storage: '#bf13a0' - land transport fuel cell: '#6b3161' - H2 pipeline: '#f081dc' - H2 Fuel Cell: '#c251ae' - H2 Electrolysis: '#ff29d9' - # syngas - Sabatier: '#9850ad' - methanation: '#c44ce6' - helmeth: '#e899ff' - # synfuels - Fischer-Tropsch: '#25c49a' - kerosene for aviation: '#a1ffe6' - naphtha for industry: '#57ebc4' - # co2 - CC: '#9e132c' - CO2 sequestration: '#9e132c' - DAC: '#ff5270' - co2 stored: '#f2385a' - co2: '#f29dae' - co2 vent: '#ffd4dc' - CO2 pipeline: '#f5627f' - # emissions - process emissions CC: '#000000' - process emissions: '#222222' - process emissions to stored: '#444444' - process emissions to atmosphere: '#888888' - oil emissions: '#aaaaaa' - shipping oil emissions: "#555555" - land transport oil emissions: '#777777' - agriculture machinery oil emissions: '#333333' - # other - shipping: '#03a2ff' - power-to-heat: '#cc1f1f' - power-to-gas: '#c44ce6' - power-to-liquid: '#25c49a' - gas-to-power/heat: '#ee8340' diff --git a/config.spatial.yaml b/config.spatial.yaml deleted file mode 100644 index 44b4e90d..00000000 --- a/config.spatial.yaml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,593 +0,0 @@ -version: 0.6.0 - -logging_level: INFO - -results_dir: results/ -summary_dir: results -costs_dir: ../technology-data/outputs/ -run: 20211218-spatial # use this to keep track of runs with different settings -foresight: overnight # options are overnight, myopic, perfect (perfect is not yet implemented) -# if you use myopic or perfect foresight, set the investment years in "planning_horizons" below - -scenario: - simpl: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur - - '' - lv: # allowed transmission line volume expansion, can be any float >= 1.0 (today) or "opt" - - 1.5 - clusters: # number of nodes in Europe, any integer between 37 (1 node per country-zone) and several hundred - - 37 - - 50 - - 100 - - 150 - - 181 - opts: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur - - '' - sector_opts: # this is where the main scenario settings are - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind-p0.5 - # to really understand the options here, look in scripts/prepare_sector_network.py - # Co2Lx specifies the CO2 target in x% of the 1990 values; default will give default (5%); - # Co2L0p25 will give 25% CO2 emissions; Co2Lm0p05 will give 5% negative emissions - # xH is the temporal resolution; 3H is 3-hourly, i.e. one snapshot every 3 hours - # single letters are sectors: T for land transport, H for building heating, - # B for biomass supply, I for industry, shipping and aviation, - # A for agriculture, forestry and fishing - # solar+c0.5 reduces the capital cost of solar to 50\% of reference value - # solar+p3 multiplies the available installable potential by factor 3 - # co2 stored+e2 multiplies the potential of CO2 sequestration by a factor 2 - # dist{n} includes distribution grids with investment cost of n times cost in data/costs.csv - # for myopic/perfect foresight cb states the carbon budget in GtCO2 (cumulative - # emissions throughout the transition path in the timeframe determined by the - # planning_horizons), be:beta decay; ex:exponential decay - # cb40ex0 distributes a carbon budget of 40 GtCO2 following an exponential - # decay with initial growth rate 0 - planning_horizons: # investment years for myopic and perfect; or costs year for overnight - - 2030 - # for example, set to [2020, 2030, 2040, 2050] for myopic foresight - -# CO2 budget as a fraction of 1990 emissions -# this is over-ridden if CO2Lx is set in sector_opts -# this is also over-ridden if cb is set in sector_opts -co2_budget: - 2020: 0.7011648746 - 2025: 0.5241935484 - 2030: 0.2970430108 - 2035: 0.1500896057 - 2040: 0.0712365591 - 2045: 0.0322580645 - 2050: 0 - -# snapshots are originally set in PyPSA-Eur/config.yaml but used again by PyPSA-Eur-Sec -snapshots: - # arguments to pd.date_range - start: "2013-01-01" - end: "2014-01-01" - closed: left # end is not inclusive - -atlite: - cutout: ../pypsa-eur/cutouts/europe-2013-era5.nc - -# this information is NOT used but needed as an argument for -# pypsa-eur/scripts/add_electricity.py/load_costs in make_summary.py -electricity: - max_hours: - battery: 6 - H2: 168 - -# regulate what components with which carriers are kept from PyPSA-Eur; -# some technologies are removed because they are implemented differently -# (e.g. battery or H2 storage) or have different year-dependent costs -# in PyPSA-Eur-Sec -pypsa_eur: - Bus: - - AC - Link: - - DC - Generator: - - onwind - - offwind-ac - - offwind-dc - - solar - - ror - StorageUnit: - - PHS - - hydro - Store: [] - - -energy: - energy_totals_year: 2011 - base_emissions_year: 1990 - eurostat_report_year: 2016 - emissions: CO2 # "CO2" or "All greenhouse gases - (CO2 equivalent)" - -biomass: - year: 2030 - scenario: ENS_Med - classes: - solid biomass: - - Agricultural waste - - Fuelwood residues - - Secondary Forestry residues - woodchips - - Sawdust - - Residues from landscape care - - Municipal waste - not included: - - Sugar from sugar beet - - Rape seed - - "Sunflower, soya seed " - - Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye - - Miscanthus, switchgrass, RCG - - Willow - - Poplar - - FuelwoodRW - - C&P_RW - biogas: - - Manure solid, liquid - - Sludge - - -solar_thermal: - clearsky_model: simple # should be "simple" or "enhanced"? - orientation: - slope: 45. - azimuth: 180. - -# only relevant for foresight = myopic or perfect -existing_capacities: - grouping_years: [1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2019] - threshold_capacity: 10 - conventional_carriers: - - lignite - - coal - - oil - - uranium - - -sector: - district_heating: - potential: 0.6 # maximum fraction of urban demand which can be supplied by district heating - # increase of today's district heating demand to potential maximum district heating share - # progress = 0 means today's district heating share, progress = 1 means maximum fraction of urban demand is supplied by district heating - progress: 1 - # 2020: 0.0 - # 2030: 0.3 - # 2040: 0.6 - # 2050: 1.0 - district_heating_loss: 0.15 - bev_dsm_restriction_value: 0.75 #Set to 0 for no restriction on BEV DSM - bev_dsm_restriction_time: 7 #Time at which SOC of BEV has to be dsm_restriction_value - transport_heating_deadband_upper: 20. - transport_heating_deadband_lower: 15. - ICE_lower_degree_factor: 0.375 #in per cent increase in fuel consumption per degree above deadband - ICE_upper_degree_factor: 1.6 - EV_lower_degree_factor: 0.98 - EV_upper_degree_factor: 0.63 - bev_dsm: true #turns on EV battery - bev_availability: 0.5 #How many cars do smart charging - bev_energy: 0.05 #average battery size in MWh - bev_charge_efficiency: 0.9 #BEV (dis-)charging efficiency - bev_plug_to_wheel_efficiency: 0.2 #kWh/km from EPA https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/ for Tesla Model S - bev_charge_rate: 0.011 #3-phase charger with 11 kW - bev_avail_max: 0.95 - bev_avail_mean: 0.8 - v2g: true #allows feed-in to grid from EV battery - #what is not EV or FCEV is oil-fuelled ICE - land_transport_fuel_cell_share: 0.15 # 1 means all FCEVs - # 2020: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2040: 0.1 - # 2050: 0.15 - land_transport_electric_share: 0.85 # 1 means all EVs - # 2020: 0 - # 2030: 0.25 - # 2040: 0.6 - # 2050: 0.85 - transport_fuel_cell_efficiency: 0.5 - transport_internal_combustion_efficiency: 0.3 - agriculture_machinery_electric_share: 0 - agriculture_machinery_fuel_efficiency: 0.7 # fuel oil per use - agriculture_machinery_electric_efficiency: 0.3 # electricity per use - shipping_average_efficiency: 0.4 #For conversion of fuel oil to propulsion in 2011 - shipping_hydrogen_liquefaction: true # whether to consider liquefaction costs for shipping H2 demands - shipping_hydrogen_share: 1 # 1 means all hydrogen FC - # 2020: 0 - # 2025: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2035: 0.15 - # 2040: 0.3 - # 2045: 0.6 - # 2050: 1 - time_dep_hp_cop: true #time dependent heat pump coefficient of performance - heat_pump_sink_T: 55. # Celsius, based on DTU / large area radiators; used in build_cop_profiles.py - # conservatively high to cover hot water and space heating in poorly-insulated buildings - reduce_space_heat_exogenously: true # reduces space heat demand by a given factor (applied before losses in DH) - # this can represent e.g. building renovation, building demolition, or if - # the factor is negative: increasing floor area, increased thermal comfort, population growth - reduce_space_heat_exogenously_factor: 0.29 # per unit reduction in space heat demand - # the default factors are determined by the LTS scenario from http://tool.european-calculator.eu/app/buildings/building-types-area/?levers=1ddd4444421213bdbbbddd44444ffffff11f411111221111211l212221 - # 2020: 0.10 # this results in a space heat demand reduction of 10% - # 2025: 0.09 # first heat demand increases compared to 2020 because of larger floor area per capita - # 2030: 0.09 - # 2035: 0.11 - # 2040: 0.16 - # 2045: 0.21 - # 2050: 0.29 - retrofitting : # co-optimises building renovation to reduce space heat demand - retro_endogen: false # co-optimise space heat savings - cost_factor: 1.0 # weight costs for building renovation - interest_rate: 0.04 # for investment in building components - annualise_cost: true # annualise the investment costs - tax_weighting: false # weight costs depending on taxes in countries - construction_index: true # weight costs depending on labour/material costs per country - tes: true - tes_tau: # 180 day time constant for centralised, 3 day for decentralised - decentral: 3 - central: 180 - boilers: true - oil_boilers: false - chp: true - micro_chp: false - solar_thermal: true - solar_cf_correction: 0.788457 # = >>> 1/1.2683 - marginal_cost_storage: 0. #1e-4 - methanation: true - helmeth: false - dac: true - co2_vent: false - SMR: true - co2_sequestration_potential: 200 #MtCO2/a sequestration potential for Europe - co2_sequestration_cost: 20 #EUR/tCO2 for sequestration of CO2 - co2_network: false - cc_fraction: 0.9 # default fraction of CO2 captured with post-combustion capture - hydrogen_underground_storage: true - hydrogen_underground_storage_locations: - # - onshore # more than 50 km from sea - - nearshore # within 50 km of sea - # - offshore - use_fischer_tropsch_waste_heat: true - use_fuel_cell_waste_heat: true - electricity_distribution_grid: true - electricity_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv - electricity_grid_connection: true # only applies to onshore wind and utility PV - H2_network: true - gas_network: false - H2_retrofit: true # if set to True existing gas pipes can be retrofitted to H2 pipes - # according to hydrogen backbone strategy (April, 2020) p.15 - # https://gasforclimate2050.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020_European-Hydrogen-Backbone_Report.pdf - # 60% of original natural gas capacity could be used in cost-optimal case as H2 capacity - H2_retrofit_capacity_per_CH4: 0.6 # ratio for H2 capacity per original CH4 capacity of retrofitted pipelines - gas_network_connectivity_upgrade: 1 # https://networkx.org/documentation/stable/reference/algorithms/generated/networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation.html#networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation - gas_distribution_grid: true - gas_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv - biomass_transport: false # biomass transport between nodes - conventional_generation: # generator : carrier - OCGT: gas - - -industry: - St_primary_fraction: 0.3 # fraction of steel produced via primary route versus secondary route (scrap+EAF); today fraction is 0.6 - # 2020: 0.6 - # 2025: 0.55 - # 2030: 0.5 - # 2035: 0.45 - # 2040: 0.4 - # 2045: 0.35 - # 2050: 0.3 - DRI_fraction: 1 # fraction of the primary route converted to DRI + EAF - # 2020: 0 - # 2025: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2035: 0.2 - # 2040: 0.4 - # 2045: 0.7 - # 2050: 1 - H2_DRI: 1.7 #H2 consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI), MWh_H2,LHV/ton_Steel from 51kgH2/tSt in Vogl et al (2018) doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.279 - elec_DRI: 0.322 #electricity consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) shaft, MWh/tSt HYBRIT brochure https://ssabwebsitecdn.azureedge.net/-/media/hybrit/files/hybrit_brochure.pdf - Al_primary_fraction: 0.2 # fraction of aluminium produced via the primary route versus scrap; today fraction is 0.4 - # 2020: 0.4 - # 2025: 0.375 - # 2030: 0.35 - # 2035: 0.325 - # 2040: 0.3 - # 2045: 0.25 - # 2050: 0.2 - MWh_CH4_per_tNH3_SMR: 10.8 # 2012's demand from https://ec.europa.eu/docsroom/documents/4165/attachments/1/translations/en/renditions/pdf - MWh_elec_per_tNH3_SMR: 0.7 # same source, assuming 94-6% split methane-elec of total energy demand 11.5 MWh/tNH3 - MWh_H2_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 6.5 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017, around 0.197 tH2/tHN3 (>3/17 since some H2 lost and used for energy) - MWh_elec_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 1.17 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017 Table 13 (air separation and HB) - NH3_process_emissions: 24.5 # in MtCO2/a from SMR for H2 production for NH3 from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28 - petrochemical_process_emissions: 25.5 # in MtCO2/a for petrochemical and other from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28 - HVC_primary_fraction: 0.45 # fraction of today's HVC produced via primary route - HVC_mechanical_recycling_fraction: 0.30 # fraction of today's HVC produced via mechanical recycling - HVC_chemical_recycling_fraction: 0.15 # fraction of today's HVC produced via chemical recycling - HVC_production_today: 52. # MtHVC/a from DECHEMA (2017), Figure 16, page 107; includes ethylene, propylene and BTX - MWh_elec_per_tHVC_mechanical_recycling: 0.547 # from SI of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105010, Table S5, for HDPE, PP, PS, PET. LDPE would be 0.756. - MWh_elec_per_tHVC_chemical_recycling: 6.9 # Material Economics (2019), page 125; based on pyrolysis and electric steam cracking - chlorine_production_today: 9.58 # MtCl/a from DECHEMA (2017), Table 7, page 43 - MWh_elec_per_tCl: 3.6 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 6, page 43 - MWh_H2_per_tCl: -0.9372 # DECHEMA (2017), page 43; negative since hydrogen produced in chloralkali process - methanol_production_today: 1.5 # MtMeOH/a from DECHEMA (2017), page 62 - MWh_elec_per_tMeOH: 0.167 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65 - MWh_CH4_per_tMeOH: 10.25 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65 - hotmaps_locate_missing: false - reference_year: 2015 - # references: - # DECHEMA (2017): https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry-p-20002750.pdf - # Material Economics (2019): https://materialeconomics.com/latest-updates/industrial-transformation-2050 - -costs: - lifetime: 25 #default lifetime - # From a Lion Hirth paper, also reflects average of Noothout et al 2016 - discountrate: 0.07 - # [EUR/USD] ECB: https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/exchange/eurofxref/html/eurofxref-graph-usd.en.html # noqa: E501 - USD2013_to_EUR2013: 0.7532 - - # Marginal and capital costs can be overwritten - # capital_cost: - # onwind: 500 - marginal_cost: - solar: 0.01 - onwind: 0.015 - offwind: 0.015 - hydro: 0. - H2: 0. - battery: 0. - - emission_prices: # only used with the option Ep (emission prices) - co2: 0. - - lines: - length_factor: 1.25 #to estimate offwind connection costs - - -solving: - #tmpdir: "path/to/tmp" - options: - formulation: kirchhoff - clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2 - load_shedding: false - noisy_costs: true - skip_iterations: true - track_iterations: false - min_iterations: 4 - max_iterations: 6 - keep_shadowprices: - - Bus - - Line - - Link - - Transformer - - GlobalConstraint - - Generator - - Store - - StorageUnit - solver: - name: gurobi - threads: 4 - method: 2 # barrier - crossover: 0 - BarConvTol: 1.e-4 - Seed: 123 - AggFill: 0 - PreDual: 0 - GURO_PAR_BARDENSETHRESH: 200 - #FeasibilityTol: 1.e-6 - - #name: cplex - #threads: 4 - #lpmethod: 4 # barrier - #solutiontype: 2 # non basic solution, ie no crossover - #barrier_convergetol: 1.e-5 - #feasopt_tolerance: 1.e-6 - mem: 126000 #memory in MB; 20 GB enough for 50+B+I+H2; 100 GB for 181+B+I+H2 - - -plotting: - map: - boundaries: [-11, 30, 34, 71] - color_geomap: - ocean: white - land: white - costs_max: 1000 - costs_threshold: 1 - energy_max: 20000 - energy_min: -20000 - energy_threshold: 50 - vre_techs: - - onwind - - offwind-ac - - offwind-dc - - solar - - ror - renewable_storage_techs: - - PHS - - hydro - conv_techs: - - OCGT - - CCGT - - Nuclear - - Coal - storage_techs: - - hydro+PHS - - battery - - H2 - load_carriers: - - AC load - AC_carriers: - - AC line - - AC transformer - link_carriers: - - DC line - - Converter AC-DC - heat_links: - - heat pump - - resistive heater - - CHP heat - - CHP electric - - gas boiler - - central heat pump - - central resistive heater - - central CHP heat - - central CHP electric - - central gas boiler - heat_generators: - - gas boiler - - central gas boiler - - solar thermal collector - - central solar thermal collector - tech_colors: - # wind - onwind: "#235ebc" - onshore wind: "#235ebc" - offwind: "#6895dd" - offshore wind: "#6895dd" - offwind-ac: "#6895dd" - offshore wind (AC): "#6895dd" - offwind-dc: "#74c6f2" - offshore wind (DC): "#74c6f2" - # water - hydro: '#298c81' - hydro reservoir: '#298c81' - ror: '#3dbfb0' - run of river: '#3dbfb0' - hydroelectricity: '#298c81' - PHS: '#51dbcc' - wave: '#a7d4cf' - # solar - solar: "#f9d002" - solar PV: "#f9d002" - solar thermal: '#ffbf2b' - solar rooftop: '#ffea80' - # gas - OCGT: '#e0986c' - OCGT marginal: '#e0986c' - OCGT-heat: '#e0986c' - gas boiler: '#db6a25' - gas boilers: '#db6a25' - gas boiler marginal: '#db6a25' - gas: '#e05b09' - natural gas: '#e05b09' - CCGT: '#a85522' - CCGT marginal: '#a85522' - gas for industry co2 to atmosphere: '#692e0a' - gas for industry co2 to stored: '#8a3400' - gas for industry: '#853403' - gas for industry CC: '#692e0a' - gas pipeline: '#ebbca0' - # oil - oil: '#c9c9c9' - oil boiler: '#adadad' - agriculture machinery oil: '#949494' - shipping oil: "#808080" - land transport oil: '#afafaf' - # nuclear - Nuclear: '#ff8c00' - Nuclear marginal: '#ff8c00' - nuclear: '#ff8c00' - uranium: '#ff8c00' - # coal - Coal: '#545454' - coal: '#545454' - Coal marginal: '#545454' - Lignite: '#826837' - lignite: '#826837' - Lignite marginal: '#826837' - # biomass - biogas: '#e3d37d' - solid biomass: '#baa741' - solid biomass transport: '#baa741' - solid biomass for industry: '#7a6d26' - solid biomass for industry CC: '#47411c' - solid biomass for industry co2 from atmosphere: '#736412' - solid biomass for industry co2 to stored: '#47411c' - # power transmission - lines: '#6c9459' - transmission lines: '#6c9459' - electricity distribution grid: '#97ad8c' - # electricity demand - Electric load: '#110d63' - electric demand: '#110d63' - electricity: '#110d63' - industry electricity: '#2d2a66' - industry new electricity: '#2d2a66' - agriculture electricity: '#494778' - # battery + EVs - battery: '#ace37f' - battery storage: '#ace37f' - home battery: '#80c944' - home battery storage: '#80c944' - BEV charger: '#baf238' - V2G: '#e5ffa8' - land transport EV: '#baf238' - Li ion: '#baf238' - # hot water storage - water tanks: '#e69487' - hot water storage: '#e69487' - hot water charging: '#e69487' - hot water discharging: '#e69487' - # heat demand - Heat load: '#cc1f1f' - heat: '#cc1f1f' - heat demand: '#cc1f1f' - rural heat: '#ff5c5c' - central heat: '#cc1f1f' - decentral heat: '#750606' - low-temperature heat for industry: '#8f2727' - process heat: '#ff0000' - agriculture heat: '#d9a5a5' - # heat supply - heat pumps: '#2fb537' - heat pump: '#2fb537' - air heat pump: '#36eb41' - ground heat pump: '#2fb537' - Ambient: '#98eb9d' - CHP: '#8a5751' - CHP CC: '#634643' - CHP heat: '#8a5751' - CHP electric: '#8a5751' - district heating: '#e8beac' - resistive heater: '#c78536' - retrofitting: '#8487e8' - building retrofitting: '#8487e8' - # hydrogen - H2 for industry: "#f073da" - H2 for shipping: "#ebaee0" - H2: '#bf13a0' - SMR: '#870c71' - SMR CC: '#4f1745' - H2 liquefaction: '#d647bd' - hydrogen storage: '#bf13a0' - land transport fuel cell: '#6b3161' - H2 pipeline: '#f081dc' - H2 Fuel Cell: '#c251ae' - H2 Electrolysis: '#ff29d9' - # syngas - Sabatier: '#9850ad' - methanation: '#c44ce6' - helmeth: '#e899ff' - # synfuels - Fischer-Tropsch: '#25c49a' - kerosene for aviation: '#a1ffe6' - naphtha for industry: '#57ebc4' - # co2 - CC: '#9e132c' - CO2 sequestration: '#9e132c' - DAC: '#ff5270' - co2 stored: '#f2385a' - co2: '#f29dae' - co2 vent: '#ffd4dc' - CO2 pipeline: '#f5627f' - # emissions - process emissions CC: '#000000' - process emissions: '#222222' - process emissions to stored: '#444444' - process emissions to atmosphere: '#888888' - oil emissions: '#aaaaaa' - shipping oil emissions: "#555555" - land transport oil emissions: '#777777' - agriculture machinery oil emissions: '#333333' - # other - shipping: '#03a2ff' - power-to-heat: '#cc1f1f' - power-to-gas: '#c44ce6' - power-to-liquid: '#25c49a' - gas-to-power/heat: '#ee8340' diff --git a/config.temporal.yaml b/config.temporal.yaml deleted file mode 100644 index 7b5b6b01..00000000 --- a/config.temporal.yaml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,590 +0,0 @@ -version: 0.6.0 - -logging_level: INFO - -results_dir: results/ -summary_dir: results -costs_dir: ../technology-data/outputs/ -run: 20211218-181-temporal # use this to keep track of runs with different settings -foresight: overnight # options are overnight, myopic, perfect (perfect is not yet implemented) -# if you use myopic or perfect foresight, set the investment years in "planning_horizons" below - -scenario: - simpl: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur - - '' - lv: # allowed transmission line volume expansion, can be any float >= 1.0 (today) or "opt" - - 1.5 - clusters: # number of nodes in Europe, any integer between 37 (1 node per country-zone) and several hundred - - 181 - opts: # only relevant for PyPSA-Eur - - '' - sector_opts: # this is where the main scenario settings are - - Co2L0-3H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind-p0.5 - - Co2L0-4H-T-H-B-I-A-solar+p3-linemaxext10-onwind-p0.5 - # to really understand the options here, look in scripts/prepare_sector_network.py - # Co2Lx specifies the CO2 target in x% of the 1990 values; default will give default (5%); - # Co2L0p25 will give 25% CO2 emissions; Co2Lm0p05 will give 5% negative emissions - # xH is the temporal resolution; 3H is 3-hourly, i.e. one snapshot every 3 hours - # single letters are sectors: T for land transport, H for building heating, - # B for biomass supply, I for industry, shipping and aviation, - # A for agriculture, forestry and fishing - # solar+c0.5 reduces the capital cost of solar to 50\% of reference value - # solar+p3 multiplies the available installable potential by factor 3 - # co2 stored+e2 multiplies the potential of CO2 sequestration by a factor 2 - # dist{n} includes distribution grids with investment cost of n times cost in data/costs.csv - # for myopic/perfect foresight cb states the carbon budget in GtCO2 (cumulative - # emissions throughout the transition path in the timeframe determined by the - # planning_horizons), be:beta decay; ex:exponential decay - # cb40ex0 distributes a carbon budget of 40 GtCO2 following an exponential - # decay with initial growth rate 0 - planning_horizons: # investment years for myopic and perfect; or costs year for overnight - - 2030 - # for example, set to [2020, 2030, 2040, 2050] for myopic foresight - -# CO2 budget as a fraction of 1990 emissions -# this is over-ridden if CO2Lx is set in sector_opts -# this is also over-ridden if cb is set in sector_opts -co2_budget: - 2020: 0.7011648746 - 2025: 0.5241935484 - 2030: 0.2970430108 - 2035: 0.1500896057 - 2040: 0.0712365591 - 2045: 0.0322580645 - 2050: 0 - -# snapshots are originally set in PyPSA-Eur/config.yaml but used again by PyPSA-Eur-Sec -snapshots: - # arguments to pd.date_range - start: "2013-01-01" - end: "2014-01-01" - closed: left # end is not inclusive - -atlite: - cutout: ../pypsa-eur/cutouts/europe-2013-era5.nc - -# this information is NOT used but needed as an argument for -# pypsa-eur/scripts/add_electricity.py/load_costs in make_summary.py -electricity: - max_hours: - battery: 6 - H2: 168 - -# regulate what components with which carriers are kept from PyPSA-Eur; -# some technologies are removed because they are implemented differently -# (e.g. battery or H2 storage) or have different year-dependent costs -# in PyPSA-Eur-Sec -pypsa_eur: - Bus: - - AC - Link: - - DC - Generator: - - onwind - - offwind-ac - - offwind-dc - - solar - - ror - StorageUnit: - - PHS - - hydro - Store: [] - - -energy: - energy_totals_year: 2011 - base_emissions_year: 1990 - eurostat_report_year: 2016 - emissions: CO2 # "CO2" or "All greenhouse gases - (CO2 equivalent)" - -biomass: - year: 2030 - scenario: ENS_Med - classes: - solid biomass: - - Agricultural waste - - Fuelwood residues - - Secondary Forestry residues - woodchips - - Sawdust - - Residues from landscape care - - Municipal waste - not included: - - Sugar from sugar beet - - Rape seed - - "Sunflower, soya seed " - - Bioethanol barley, wheat, grain maize, oats, other cereals and rye - - Miscanthus, switchgrass, RCG - - Willow - - Poplar - - FuelwoodRW - - C&P_RW - biogas: - - Manure solid, liquid - - Sludge - - -solar_thermal: - clearsky_model: simple # should be "simple" or "enhanced"? - orientation: - slope: 45. - azimuth: 180. - -# only relevant for foresight = myopic or perfect -existing_capacities: - grouping_years: [1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2019] - threshold_capacity: 10 - conventional_carriers: - - lignite - - coal - - oil - - uranium - - -sector: - district_heating: - potential: 0.6 # maximum fraction of urban demand which can be supplied by district heating - # increase of today's district heating demand to potential maximum district heating share - # progress = 0 means today's district heating share, progress = 1 means maximum fraction of urban demand is supplied by district heating - progress: 1 - # 2020: 0.0 - # 2030: 0.3 - # 2040: 0.6 - # 2050: 1.0 - district_heating_loss: 0.15 - bev_dsm_restriction_value: 0.75 #Set to 0 for no restriction on BEV DSM - bev_dsm_restriction_time: 7 #Time at which SOC of BEV has to be dsm_restriction_value - transport_heating_deadband_upper: 20. - transport_heating_deadband_lower: 15. - ICE_lower_degree_factor: 0.375 #in per cent increase in fuel consumption per degree above deadband - ICE_upper_degree_factor: 1.6 - EV_lower_degree_factor: 0.98 - EV_upper_degree_factor: 0.63 - bev_dsm: true #turns on EV battery - bev_availability: 0.5 #How many cars do smart charging - bev_energy: 0.05 #average battery size in MWh - bev_charge_efficiency: 0.9 #BEV (dis-)charging efficiency - bev_plug_to_wheel_efficiency: 0.2 #kWh/km from EPA https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/ for Tesla Model S - bev_charge_rate: 0.011 #3-phase charger with 11 kW - bev_avail_max: 0.95 - bev_avail_mean: 0.8 - v2g: true #allows feed-in to grid from EV battery - #what is not EV or FCEV is oil-fuelled ICE - land_transport_fuel_cell_share: 0.15 # 1 means all FCEVs - # 2020: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2040: 0.1 - # 2050: 0.15 - land_transport_electric_share: 0.85 # 1 means all EVs - # 2020: 0 - # 2030: 0.25 - # 2040: 0.6 - # 2050: 0.85 - transport_fuel_cell_efficiency: 0.5 - transport_internal_combustion_efficiency: 0.3 - agriculture_machinery_electric_share: 0 - agriculture_machinery_fuel_efficiency: 0.7 # fuel oil per use - agriculture_machinery_electric_efficiency: 0.3 # electricity per use - shipping_average_efficiency: 0.4 #For conversion of fuel oil to propulsion in 2011 - shipping_hydrogen_liquefaction: true # whether to consider liquefaction costs for shipping H2 demands - shipping_hydrogen_share: 1 # 1 means all hydrogen FC - # 2020: 0 - # 2025: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2035: 0.15 - # 2040: 0.3 - # 2045: 0.6 - # 2050: 1 - time_dep_hp_cop: true #time dependent heat pump coefficient of performance - heat_pump_sink_T: 55. # Celsius, based on DTU / large area radiators; used in build_cop_profiles.py - # conservatively high to cover hot water and space heating in poorly-insulated buildings - reduce_space_heat_exogenously: true # reduces space heat demand by a given factor (applied before losses in DH) - # this can represent e.g. building renovation, building demolition, or if - # the factor is negative: increasing floor area, increased thermal comfort, population growth - reduce_space_heat_exogenously_factor: 0.29 # per unit reduction in space heat demand - # the default factors are determined by the LTS scenario from http://tool.european-calculator.eu/app/buildings/building-types-area/?levers=1ddd4444421213bdbbbddd44444ffffff11f411111221111211l212221 - # 2020: 0.10 # this results in a space heat demand reduction of 10% - # 2025: 0.09 # first heat demand increases compared to 2020 because of larger floor area per capita - # 2030: 0.09 - # 2035: 0.11 - # 2040: 0.16 - # 2045: 0.21 - # 2050: 0.29 - retrofitting : # co-optimises building renovation to reduce space heat demand - retro_endogen: false # co-optimise space heat savings - cost_factor: 1.0 # weight costs for building renovation - interest_rate: 0.04 # for investment in building components - annualise_cost: true # annualise the investment costs - tax_weighting: false # weight costs depending on taxes in countries - construction_index: true # weight costs depending on labour/material costs per country - tes: true - tes_tau: # 180 day time constant for centralised, 3 day for decentralised - decentral: 3 - central: 180 - boilers: true - oil_boilers: false - chp: true - micro_chp: false - solar_thermal: true - solar_cf_correction: 0.788457 # = >>> 1/1.2683 - marginal_cost_storage: 0. #1e-4 - methanation: true - helmeth: false - dac: true - co2_vent: false - SMR: true - co2_sequestration_potential: 200 #MtCO2/a sequestration potential for Europe - co2_sequestration_cost: 20 #EUR/tCO2 for sequestration of CO2 - co2_network: false - cc_fraction: 0.9 # default fraction of CO2 captured with post-combustion capture - hydrogen_underground_storage: true - hydrogen_underground_storage_locations: - # - onshore # more than 50 km from sea - - nearshore # within 50 km of sea - # - offshore - use_fischer_tropsch_waste_heat: true - use_fuel_cell_waste_heat: true - electricity_distribution_grid: true - electricity_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv - electricity_grid_connection: true # only applies to onshore wind and utility PV - H2_network: true - gas_network: false - H2_retrofit: true # if set to True existing gas pipes can be retrofitted to H2 pipes - # according to hydrogen backbone strategy (April, 2020) p.15 - # https://gasforclimate2050.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020_European-Hydrogen-Backbone_Report.pdf - # 60% of original natural gas capacity could be used in cost-optimal case as H2 capacity - H2_retrofit_capacity_per_CH4: 0.6 # ratio for H2 capacity per original CH4 capacity of retrofitted pipelines - gas_network_connectivity_upgrade: 1 # https://networkx.org/documentation/stable/reference/algorithms/generated/networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation.html#networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation - gas_distribution_grid: true - gas_distribution_grid_cost_factor: 1.0 #multiplies cost in data/costs.csv - biomass_transport: false # biomass transport between nodes - conventional_generation: # generator : carrier - OCGT: gas - - -industry: - St_primary_fraction: 0.3 # fraction of steel produced via primary route versus secondary route (scrap+EAF); today fraction is 0.6 - # 2020: 0.6 - # 2025: 0.55 - # 2030: 0.5 - # 2035: 0.45 - # 2040: 0.4 - # 2045: 0.35 - # 2050: 0.3 - DRI_fraction: 1 # fraction of the primary route converted to DRI + EAF - # 2020: 0 - # 2025: 0 - # 2030: 0.05 - # 2035: 0.2 - # 2040: 0.4 - # 2045: 0.7 - # 2050: 1 - H2_DRI: 1.7 #H2 consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI), MWh_H2,LHV/ton_Steel from 51kgH2/tSt in Vogl et al (2018) doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.279 - elec_DRI: 0.322 #electricity consumption in Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) shaft, MWh/tSt HYBRIT brochure https://ssabwebsitecdn.azureedge.net/-/media/hybrit/files/hybrit_brochure.pdf - Al_primary_fraction: 0.2 # fraction of aluminium produced via the primary route versus scrap; today fraction is 0.4 - # 2020: 0.4 - # 2025: 0.375 - # 2030: 0.35 - # 2035: 0.325 - # 2040: 0.3 - # 2045: 0.25 - # 2050: 0.2 - MWh_CH4_per_tNH3_SMR: 10.8 # 2012's demand from https://ec.europa.eu/docsroom/documents/4165/attachments/1/translations/en/renditions/pdf - MWh_elec_per_tNH3_SMR: 0.7 # same source, assuming 94-6% split methane-elec of total energy demand 11.5 MWh/tNH3 - MWh_H2_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 6.5 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017, around 0.197 tH2/tHN3 (>3/17 since some H2 lost and used for energy) - MWh_elec_per_tNH3_electrolysis: 1.17 # from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.017 Table 13 (air separation and HB) - NH3_process_emissions: 24.5 # in MtCO2/a from SMR for H2 production for NH3 from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28 - petrochemical_process_emissions: 25.5 # in MtCO2/a for petrochemical and other from UNFCCC for 2015 for EU28 - HVC_primary_fraction: 0.45 # fraction of today's HVC produced via primary route - HVC_mechanical_recycling_fraction: 0.30 # fraction of today's HVC produced via mechanical recycling - HVC_chemical_recycling_fraction: 0.15 # fraction of today's HVC produced via chemical recycling - HVC_production_today: 52. # MtHVC/a from DECHEMA (2017), Figure 16, page 107; includes ethylene, propylene and BTX - MWh_elec_per_tHVC_mechanical_recycling: 0.547 # from SI of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105010, Table S5, for HDPE, PP, PS, PET. LDPE would be 0.756. - MWh_elec_per_tHVC_chemical_recycling: 6.9 # Material Economics (2019), page 125; based on pyrolysis and electric steam cracking - chlorine_production_today: 9.58 # MtCl/a from DECHEMA (2017), Table 7, page 43 - MWh_elec_per_tCl: 3.6 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 6, page 43 - MWh_H2_per_tCl: -0.9372 # DECHEMA (2017), page 43; negative since hydrogen produced in chloralkali process - methanol_production_today: 1.5 # MtMeOH/a from DECHEMA (2017), page 62 - MWh_elec_per_tMeOH: 0.167 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65 - MWh_CH4_per_tMeOH: 10.25 # DECHEMA (2017), Table 14, page 65 - hotmaps_locate_missing: false - reference_year: 2015 - # references: - # DECHEMA (2017): https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry-p-20002750.pdf - # Material Economics (2019): https://materialeconomics.com/latest-updates/industrial-transformation-2050 - -costs: - lifetime: 25 #default lifetime - # From a Lion Hirth paper, also reflects average of Noothout et al 2016 - discountrate: 0.07 - # [EUR/USD] ECB: https://www.ecb.europa.eu/stats/exchange/eurofxref/html/eurofxref-graph-usd.en.html # noqa: E501 - USD2013_to_EUR2013: 0.7532 - - # Marginal and capital costs can be overwritten - # capital_cost: - # onwind: 500 - marginal_cost: - solar: 0.01 - onwind: 0.015 - offwind: 0.015 - hydro: 0. - H2: 0. - battery: 0. - - emission_prices: # only used with the option Ep (emission prices) - co2: 0. - - lines: - length_factor: 1.25 #to estimate offwind connection costs - - -solving: - #tmpdir: "path/to/tmp" - options: - formulation: kirchhoff - clip_p_max_pu: 1.e-2 - load_shedding: false - noisy_costs: true - skip_iterations: true - track_iterations: false - min_iterations: 4 - max_iterations: 6 - keep_shadowprices: - - Bus - - Line - - Link - - Transformer - - GlobalConstraint - - Generator - - Store - - StorageUnit - solver: - name: gurobi - threads: 4 - method: 2 # barrier - crossover: 0 - BarConvTol: 1.e-4 - Seed: 123 - AggFill: 0 - PreDual: 0 - GURO_PAR_BARDENSETHRESH: 200 - #FeasibilityTol: 1.e-6 - - #name: cplex - #threads: 4 - #lpmethod: 4 # barrier - #solutiontype: 2 # non basic solution, ie no crossover - #barrier_convergetol: 1.e-5 - #feasopt_tolerance: 1.e-6 - mem: 126000 #memory in MB; 20 GB enough for 50+B+I+H2; 100 GB for 181+B+I+H2 - - -plotting: - map: - boundaries: [-11, 30, 34, 71] - color_geomap: - ocean: white - land: white - costs_max: 1000 - costs_threshold: 1 - energy_max: 20000 - energy_min: -20000 - energy_threshold: 50 - vre_techs: - - onwind - - offwind-ac - - offwind-dc - - solar - - ror - renewable_storage_techs: - - PHS - - hydro - conv_techs: - - OCGT - - CCGT - - Nuclear - - Coal - storage_techs: - - hydro+PHS - - battery - - H2 - load_carriers: - - AC load - AC_carriers: - - AC line - - AC transformer - link_carriers: - - DC line - - Converter AC-DC - heat_links: - - heat pump - - resistive heater - - CHP heat - - CHP electric - - gas boiler - - central heat pump - - central resistive heater - - central CHP heat - - central CHP electric - - central gas boiler - heat_generators: - - gas boiler - - central gas boiler - - solar thermal collector - - central solar thermal collector - tech_colors: - # wind - onwind: "#235ebc" - onshore wind: "#235ebc" - offwind: "#6895dd" - offshore wind: "#6895dd" - offwind-ac: "#6895dd" - offshore wind (AC): "#6895dd" - offwind-dc: "#74c6f2" - offshore wind (DC): "#74c6f2" - # water - hydro: '#298c81' - hydro reservoir: '#298c81' - ror: '#3dbfb0' - run of river: '#3dbfb0' - hydroelectricity: '#298c81' - PHS: '#51dbcc' - wave: '#a7d4cf' - # solar - solar: "#f9d002" - solar PV: "#f9d002" - solar thermal: '#ffbf2b' - solar rooftop: '#ffea80' - # gas - OCGT: '#e0986c' - OCGT marginal: '#e0986c' - OCGT-heat: '#e0986c' - gas boiler: '#db6a25' - gas boilers: '#db6a25' - gas boiler marginal: '#db6a25' - gas: '#e05b09' - natural gas: '#e05b09' - CCGT: '#a85522' - CCGT marginal: '#a85522' - gas for industry co2 to atmosphere: '#692e0a' - gas for industry co2 to stored: '#8a3400' - gas for industry: '#853403' - gas for industry CC: '#692e0a' - gas pipeline: '#ebbca0' - # oil - oil: '#c9c9c9' - oil boiler: '#adadad' - agriculture machinery oil: '#949494' - shipping oil: "#808080" - land transport oil: '#afafaf' - # nuclear - Nuclear: '#ff8c00' - Nuclear marginal: '#ff8c00' - nuclear: '#ff8c00' - uranium: '#ff8c00' - # coal - Coal: '#545454' - coal: '#545454' - Coal marginal: '#545454' - Lignite: '#826837' - lignite: '#826837' - Lignite marginal: '#826837' - # biomass - biogas: '#e3d37d' - solid biomass: '#baa741' - solid biomass transport: '#baa741' - solid biomass for industry: '#7a6d26' - solid biomass for industry CC: '#47411c' - solid biomass for industry co2 from atmosphere: '#736412' - solid biomass for industry co2 to stored: '#47411c' - # power transmission - lines: '#6c9459' - transmission lines: '#6c9459' - electricity distribution grid: '#97ad8c' - # electricity demand - Electric load: '#110d63' - electric demand: '#110d63' - electricity: '#110d63' - industry electricity: '#2d2a66' - industry new electricity: '#2d2a66' - agriculture electricity: '#494778' - # battery + EVs - battery: '#ace37f' - battery storage: '#ace37f' - home battery: '#80c944' - home battery storage: '#80c944' - BEV charger: '#baf238' - V2G: '#e5ffa8' - land transport EV: '#baf238' - Li ion: '#baf238' - # hot water storage - water tanks: '#e69487' - hot water storage: '#e69487' - hot water charging: '#e69487' - hot water discharging: '#e69487' - # heat demand - Heat load: '#cc1f1f' - heat: '#cc1f1f' - heat demand: '#cc1f1f' - rural heat: '#ff5c5c' - central heat: '#cc1f1f' - decentral heat: '#750606' - low-temperature heat for industry: '#8f2727' - process heat: '#ff0000' - agriculture heat: '#d9a5a5' - # heat supply - heat pumps: '#2fb537' - heat pump: '#2fb537' - air heat pump: '#36eb41' - ground heat pump: '#2fb537' - Ambient: '#98eb9d' - CHP: '#8a5751' - CHP CC: '#634643' - CHP heat: '#8a5751' - CHP electric: '#8a5751' - district heating: '#e8beac' - resistive heater: '#c78536' - retrofitting: '#8487e8' - building retrofitting: '#8487e8' - # hydrogen - H2 for industry: "#f073da" - H2 for shipping: "#ebaee0" - H2: '#bf13a0' - SMR: '#870c71' - SMR CC: '#4f1745' - H2 liquefaction: '#d647bd' - hydrogen storage: '#bf13a0' - land transport fuel cell: '#6b3161' - H2 pipeline: '#f081dc' - H2 Fuel Cell: '#c251ae' - H2 Electrolysis: '#ff29d9' - # syngas - Sabatier: '#9850ad' - methanation: '#c44ce6' - helmeth: '#e899ff' - # synfuels - Fischer-Tropsch: '#25c49a' - kerosene for aviation: '#a1ffe6' - naphtha for industry: '#57ebc4' - # co2 - CC: '#9e132c' - CO2 sequestration: '#9e132c' - DAC: '#ff5270' - co2 stored: '#f2385a' - co2: '#f29dae' - co2 vent: '#ffd4dc' - CO2 pipeline: '#f5627f' - # emissions - process emissions CC: '#000000' - process emissions: '#222222' - process emissions to stored: '#444444' - process emissions to atmosphere: '#888888' - oil emissions: '#aaaaaa' - shipping oil emissions: "#555555" - land transport oil emissions: '#777777' - agriculture machinery oil emissions: '#333333' - # other - shipping: '#03a2ff' - power-to-heat: '#cc1f1f' - power-to-gas: '#c44ce6' - power-to-liquid: '#25c49a' - gas-to-power/heat: '#ee8340'