,Unit,Values,Description
transport,--,"{true, false}",Flag to include transport sector.
heating,--,"{true, false}",Flag to include heating sector.
biomass,--,"{true, false}",Flag to include biomass sector.
industry,--,"{true, false}",Flag to include industry sector.
agriculture,--,"{true, false}",Flag to include agriculture sector.
fossil_fuels,--,"{true, false}","Flag to include imports of fossil fuels ( [""coal"", ""gas"", ""oil"", ""lignite""])"
district_heating,--,,`prepare_sector_network.py <https://github.com/PyPSA/pypsa-eur-sec/blob/master/scripts/prepare_sector_network.py>`_
-- potential,--,float,maximum fraction of urban demand which can be supplied by district heating
-- progress,--,Dictionary with planning horizons as keys., Increase of today's district heating demand to potential maximum district heating share. Progress = 0 means today's district heating share. Progress = 1 means maximum fraction of urban demand is supplied by district heating
-- district_heating_loss,--,float,Share increase in district heat demand in urban central due to heat losses
-- forward_temperature,°C,float,Forward temperature in district heating
-- return_temperature,°C,float,Return temperature in district heating. Must be lower than forward temperature
-- heat_source_cooling,K,float,Cooling of heat source for heat pumps
-- heat_pump_cop_approximation,,,
-- -- refrigerant,--,"{ammonia, isobutane}",Heat pump refrigerant assumed for COP approximation
-- -- heat_exchanger_pinch_point_temperature_difference,K,float,Heat pump pinch point temperature difference in heat exchangers assumed for approximation.
-- -- isentropic_compressor_efficiency,--,float,Isentropic efficiency of heat pump compressor assumed for approximation. Must be between 0 and 1.
-- -- heat_loss,--,float,Heat pump heat loss assumed for approximation. Must be between 0 and 1.
-- heat_pump_sources,--,,
-- -- urban central,--,List of heat sources for heat pumps in urban central heating,
-- -- urban decentral,--,List of heat sources for heat pumps in urban decentral heating,
-- -- rural,--,List of heat sources for heat pumps in rural heating,
cluster_heat_buses,--,"{true, false}",Cluster residential and service heat buses in `prepare_sector_network.py <https://github.com/PyPSA/pypsa-eur-sec/blob/master/scripts/prepare_sector_network.py>`_  to one to save memory.
,,,
bev_dsm_restriction _value,--,float,Adds a lower state of charge (SOC) limit for battery electric vehicles (BEV) to manage its own energy demand (DSM). Located in `build_transport_demand.py <https://github.com/PyPSA/pypsa-eur-sec/blob/master/scripts/build_transport_demand.py>`_. Set to 0 for no restriction on BEV DSM
bev_dsm_restriction _time,--,float,Time at which SOC of BEV has to be dsm_restriction_value
transport_heating _deadband_upper,°C,float,"The maximum temperature in the vehicle. At higher temperatures, the energy required for cooling in the vehicle increases."
transport_heating _deadband_lower,°C,float,"The minimum temperature in the vehicle. At lower temperatures, the energy required for heating in the vehicle increases."
,,,
ICE_lower_degree_factor,--,float,Share increase in energy demand in internal combustion engine (ICE) for each degree difference between the cold environment and the minimum temperature.
ICE_upper_degree_factor,--,float,Share increase in energy demand in internal combustion engine (ICE) for each degree difference between the hot environment and the maximum temperature.
EV_lower_degree_factor,--,float,Share increase in energy demand in electric vehicles (EV) for each degree difference between the cold environment and the minimum temperature.
EV_upper_degree_factor,--,float,Share increase in energy demand in electric vehicles (EV) for each degree difference between the hot environment and the maximum temperature.
bev_dsm,--,"{true, false}",Add the option for battery electric vehicles (BEV) to participate in demand-side management (DSM)
,,,
bev_availability,--,float,The share for battery electric vehicles (BEV) that are able to do demand side management (DSM)
bev_energy,--,float,The average size of battery electric vehicles (BEV) in MWh
bev_charge_efficiency,--,float,Battery electric vehicles (BEV) charge and discharge efficiency
bev_charge_rate,MWh,float,The power consumption for one electric vehicle (EV) in MWh. Value derived from 3-phase charger with 11 kW.
bev_avail_max,--,float,The maximum share plugged-in availability for passenger electric vehicles.
bev_avail_mean,--,float,The average share plugged-in availability for passenger electric vehicles.
v2g,--,"{true, false}",Allows feed-in to grid from EV battery
land_transport_fuel_cell _share,--,Dictionary with planning horizons as keys.,The share of vehicles that uses fuel cells in a given year
land_transport_electric _share,--,Dictionary with planning horizons as keys.,The share of vehicles that uses electric vehicles (EV) in a given year
land_transport_ice _share,--,Dictionary with planning horizons as keys.,The share of vehicles that uses internal combustion engines (ICE) in a given year. What is not EV or FCEV is oil-fuelled ICE.
transport_electric_efficiency,MWh/100km,float,The conversion efficiencies of electric vehicles in transport
transport_fuel_cell_efficiency,MWh/100km,float,The H2 conversion efficiencies of fuel cells in transport
transport_ice_efficiency,MWh/100km,float,The oil conversion efficiencies of internal combustion engine (ICE) in transport
agriculture_machinery _electric_share,--,float,The share for agricultural machinery that uses electricity
agriculture_machinery _oil_share,--,float,The share for agricultural machinery that uses oil
agriculture_machinery _fuel_efficiency,--,float,The efficiency of electric-powered machinery in the conversion of electricity to meet agricultural needs.
agriculture_machinery _electric_efficiency,--,float,The efficiency of oil-powered machinery in the conversion of oil to meet agricultural needs.
Mwh_MeOH_per_MWh_H2,LHV,float,"The energy amount of the produced methanol per energy amount of hydrogen. From `DECHEMA (2017) <https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry-p-20002750.pdf>`_, page 64."
MWh_MeOH_per_tCO2,LHV,float,"The energy amount of the produced methanol per ton of CO2. From `DECHEMA (2017) <https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry-p-20002750.pdf>`_, page 66."
MWh_MeOH_per_MWh_e,LHV,float,"The energy amount of the produced methanol per energy amount of electricity. From `DECHEMA (2017) <https://dechema.de/dechema_media/Downloads/Positionspapiere/Technology_study_Low_carbon_energy_and_feedstock_for_the_European_chemical_industry-p-20002750.pdf>`_, page 64."
shipping_hydrogen _liquefaction,--,"{true, false}",Whether to include liquefaction costs for hydrogen demand in shipping.
,,,
shipping_hydrogen_share,--,Dictionary with planning horizons as keys.,The share of ships powered by hydrogen in a given year
shipping_methanol_share,--,Dictionary with planning horizons as keys.,The share of ships powered by methanol in a given year
shipping_oil_share,--,Dictionary with planning horizons as keys.,The share of ships powered by oil in a given year
shipping_methanol _efficiency,--,float,The efficiency of methanol-powered ships in the conversion of methanol to meet shipping needs (propulsion). The efficiency increase from oil can be 10-15% higher according to the `IEA <https://www.iea-amf.org/app/webroot/files/file/Annex%20Reports/AMF_Annex_56.pdf>`_
,,,
shipping_oil_efficiency,--,float,The efficiency of oil-powered ships in the conversion of oil to meet shipping needs (propulsion). Base value derived from 2011
aviation_demand_factor,--,float,The proportion of demand for aviation compared to today's consumption
HVC_demand_factor,--,float,The proportion of demand for high-value chemicals compared to today's consumption
,,,
time_dep_hp_cop,--,"{true, false}",Consider the time dependent coefficient of performance (COP) of the heat pump
heat_pump_sink_T,°C,float,The temperature heat sink used in heat pumps based on DTU / large area radiators. The value is conservatively high to cover hot water and space heating in poorly-insulated buildings
reduce_space_heat _exogenously,--,"{true, false}",Influence on space heating demand by a certain factor (applied before losses in district heating).
reduce_space_heat _exogenously_factor,--,Dictionary with planning horizons as keys.,"A positive factor can mean renovation or demolition of a building. If the factor is negative, it can mean an increase in floor area, increased thermal comfort, population growth. The default factors are determined by the `Eurocalc Homes and buildings decarbonization scenario <http://tool.european-calculator.eu/app/buildings/building-types-area/?levers=1ddd4444421213bdbbbddd44444ffffff11f411111221111211l212221>`_"
retrofitting,,,
-- retro_endogen,--,"{true, false}",Add retrofitting as an endogenous system which co-optimise space heat savings.
-- cost_factor,--,float,Weight costs for building renovation
-- interest_rate,--,float,The interest rate for investment in building components
-- annualise_cost,--,"{true, false}",Annualise the investment costs of retrofitting
-- tax_weighting,--,"{true, false}",Weight the costs of retrofitting depending on taxes in countries
-- construction_index,--,"{true, false}",Weight the costs of retrofitting depending on labour/material costs per country
tes,--,"{true, false}",Add option for storing thermal energy in large water pits associated with district heating systems and individual thermal energy storage (TES)
tes_tau,,,The time constant used to calculate the decay of thermal energy in thermal energy storage (TES): 1- :math:`e^{-1/24τ}`.
-- decentral,days,float,The time constant in decentralized thermal energy storage (TES)
-- central,days,float,The time constant in centralized thermal energy storage (TES)
boilers,--,"{true, false}",Add option for transforming gas into heat using gas boilers
resistive_heaters,--,"{true, false}",Add option for transforming electricity into heat using resistive heaters (independently from gas boilers)
oil_boilers,--,"{true, false}",Add option for transforming oil into heat using boilers
biomass_boiler,--,"{true, false}",Add option for transforming biomass into heat using boilers
overdimension_individual_heating,--,float,Add option for overdimensioning individual heating systems by a certain factor. This allows them to cover heat demand peaks e.g. 10% higher than those in the data with a setting of 1.1.
chp,--,"{true, false}",Add option for using Combined Heat and Power (CHP)
micro_chp,--,"{true, false}",Add option for using Combined Heat and Power (CHP) for decentral areas.
solar_thermal,--,"{true, false}",Add option for using solar thermal to generate heat.
solar_cf_correction,--,float,The correction factor for the value provided by the solar thermal profile calculations
marginal_cost_storage,currency/MWh ,float,The marginal cost of discharging batteries in distributed grids
methanation,--,"{true, false}",Add option for transforming hydrogen and CO2 into methane using methanation.
coal_cc,--,"{true, false}",Add option for coal CHPs with carbon capture
dac,--,"{true, false}",Add option for Direct Air Capture (DAC)
co2_vent,--,"{true, false}",Add option for vent out CO2 from storages to the atmosphere.
allam_cycle,--,"{true, false}",Add option to include `Allam cycle gas power plants <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allam_power_cycle>`_
hydrogen_fuel_cell,--,"{true, false}",Add option to include hydrogen fuel cell for re-electrification. Assuming OCGT technology costs
hydrogen_turbine,--,"{true, false}",Add option to include hydrogen turbine for re-electrification. Assuming OCGT technology costs
SMR,--,"{true, false}",Add option for transforming natural gas into hydrogen and CO2 using Steam Methane Reforming (SMR)
SMR CC,--,"{true, false}",Add option for transforming natural gas into hydrogen and CO2 using Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) and Carbon Capture (CC)
regional_methanol_demand,--,"{true, false}",Spatially resolve methanol demand. Set to true if regional CO2 constraints needed.
regional_oil_demand,--,"{true, false}",Spatially resolve oil demand. Set to true if regional CO2 constraints needed.
regional_co2 _sequestration_potential,,,
-- enable,--,"{true, false}",Add option for regionally-resolved geological carbon dioxide sequestration potentials based on `CO2StoP <https://setis.ec.europa.eu/european-co2-storage-database_en>`_.
-- attribute,--,string or list,Name (or list of names) of the attribute(s) for the sequestration potential
-- include_onshore,--,"{true, false}",Add options for including onshore sequestration potentials
-- min_size,Gt ,float,Any sites with lower potential than this value will be excluded
-- max_size,Gt ,float,The maximum sequestration potential for any one site.
-- years_of_storage,years,float,The years until potential exhausted at optimised annual rate
co2_sequestration_potential,MtCO2/a,float,The potential of sequestering CO2 in Europe per year
co2_sequestration_cost,currency/tCO2,float,The cost of sequestering a ton of CO2
co2_sequestration_lifetime,years,int,The lifetime of a CO2 sequestration site
co2_spatial,--,"{true, false}","Add option to spatially resolve carrier representing stored carbon dioxide. This allows for more detailed modelling of CCUTS, e.g. regarding the capturing of industrial process emissions, usage as feedstock for electrofuels, transport of carbon dioxide, and geological sequestration sites."
,,,
co2network,--,"{true, false}",Add option for planning a new carbon dioxide transmission network
co2_network_cost_factor,p.u.,float,The cost factor for the capital cost of the carbon dioxide transmission network
,,,
cc_fraction,--,float,The default fraction of CO2 captured with post-combustion capture
hydrogen_underground _storage,--,"{true, false}",Add options for storing hydrogen underground. Storage potential depends regionally.
hydrogen_underground _storage_locations,,"{onshore, nearshore, offshore}","The location where hydrogen underground storage can be located. Onshore, nearshore, offshore means it must be located more than 50 km away from the sea, within 50 km of the sea, or within the sea itself respectively."
,,,
ammonia,--,"{true, false, regional}","Add ammonia as a carrrier. It can be either true (copperplated NH3), false (no NH3 carrier) or ""regional"" (regionalised NH3 without network)"
min_part_load_fischer _tropsch,per unit of p_nom ,float,The minimum unit dispatch (``p_min_pu``) for the Fischer-Tropsch process
min_part_load _methanolisation,per unit of p_nom ,float,The minimum unit dispatch (``p_min_pu``) for the methanolisation process
,,,
use_fischer_tropsch _waste_heat,--,"{true, false}",Add option for using waste heat of Fischer Tropsch in district heating networks
use_fuel_cell_waste_heat,--,"{true, false}",Add option for using waste heat of fuel cells in district heating networks
use_electrolysis_waste _heat,--,"{true, false}",Add option for using waste heat of electrolysis in district heating networks
electricity_transmission _grid,--,"{true, false}",Switch for enabling/disabling the electricity transmission grid.
electricity_distribution _grid,--,"{true, false}",Add a simplified representation of the exchange capacity between transmission and distribution grid level through a link.
electricity_distribution _grid_cost_factor,,,Multiplies the investment cost of the electricity distribution grid
,,,
electricity_grid _connection,--,"{true, false}",Add the cost of electricity grid connection for onshore wind and solar
transmission_efficiency,,,Section to specify transmission losses or compression energy demands of bidirectional links. Splits them into two capacity-linked unidirectional links.
-- {carrier},--,str,The carrier of the link.
-- -- efficiency_static,p.u.,float,Length-independent transmission efficiency.
-- -- efficiency_per_1000km,p.u. per 1000 km,float,Length-dependent transmission efficiency ($\eta^{\text{length}}$)
-- -- compression_per_1000km,p.u. per 1000 km,float,Length-dependent electricity demand for compression ($\eta \cdot \text{length}$) implemented as multi-link to local electricity bus.
H2_network,--,"{true, false}",Add option for new hydrogen pipelines
gas_network,--,"{true, false}","Add existing natural gas infrastructure, incl. LNG terminals, production and entry-points. The existing gas network is added with a lossless transport model. A length-weighted `k-edge augmentation algorithm   <https://networkx.org/documentation/stable/reference/algorithms/generated/networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation.html#networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation>`_   can be run to add new candidate gas pipelines such that all regions of the model can be connected to the gas network. When activated, all the gas demands are regionally disaggregated as well."
H2_retrofit,--,"{true, false}",Add option for retrofiting existing pipelines to transport hydrogen.
H2_retrofit_capacity _per_CH4,--,float,"The ratio for H2 capacity per original CH4 capacity of retrofitted pipelines. The `European Hydrogen Backbone (April, 2020) p.15 <https://gasforclimate2050.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/2020_European-Hydrogen-Backbone_Report.pdf>`_ 60% of original natural gas capacity could be used in cost-optimal case as H2 capacity."
gas_network_connectivity _upgrade ,--,float,The number of desired edge connectivity (k) in the length-weighted `k-edge augmentation algorithm <https://networkx.org/documentation/stable/reference/algorithms/generated/networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation.html#networkx.algorithms.connectivity.edge_augmentation.k_edge_augmentation>`_ used for the gas network
gas_distribution_grid,--,"{true, false}",Add a gas distribution grid
gas_distribution_grid _cost_factor,,,Multiplier for the investment cost of the gas distribution grid
,,,
biomass_spatial,--,"{true, false}",Add option for resolving biomass demand regionally
biomass_transport,--,"{true, false}",Add option for transporting solid biomass between nodes
biogas_upgrading_cc,--,"{true, false}",Add option to capture CO2 from biomass upgrading
conventional_generation,,,Add a more detailed description of conventional carriers. Any power generation requires the consumption of fuel from nodes representing that fuel.
biomass_to_liquid,--,"{true, false}",Add option for transforming solid biomass into liquid fuel with the same properties as oil
biosng,--,"{true, false}",Add option for transforming solid biomass into synthesis gas with the same properties as natural gas
municipal_solid_waste,--,"{true, false}",Add option for municipal solid waste
limit_max_growth,,,
-- enable,--,"{true, false}",Add option to limit the maximum growth of a carrier
-- factor,p.u.,float,The maximum growth factor of a carrier (e.g. 1.3 allows  30% larger than max historic growth)
-- max_growth,,,
-- -- {carrier},GW,float,The historic maximum growth of a carrier
-- max_relative_growth,,,
-- -- {carrier},p.u.,float,The historic maximum relative growth of a carrier
,,,
enhanced_geothermal,,,
-- enable,--,"{true, false}",Add option to include Enhanced Geothermal Systems
-- flexible,--,"{true, false}",Add option for flexible operation (see Ricks et al. 2024)
-- max_hours,--,int,The maximum hours the reservoir can be charged under flexible operation
-- max_boost,--,float,The maximum boost in power output under flexible operation
-- var_cf,--,"{true, false}",Add option for variable capacity factor (see Ricks et al. 2024)
-- sustainability_factor,--,float,Share of sourced heat that is replenished by the earth's core (see details in `build_egs_potentials.py <https://github.com/PyPSA/pypsa-eur-sec/blob/master/scripts/build_egs_potentials.py>`_)
solid_biomass_import,,,
-- enable,--,"{true, false}",Add option to include solid biomass imports
-- price,currency/MWh,float,Price for importing solid biomass
-- max_amount,Twh,float,Maximum solid biomass import potential
-- upstream_emissions_factor,p.u.,float,Upstream emissions of solid biomass imports
